Gurobi, the company behind one of the leading Integer Linear Programming (ILP) solvers, recently published a white paper "Intelligence, Optimization, and the New Decision Frontier". Aiming at a general audience, they point out the fundamentally different ways that exact optimization tools such as ILP solvers and LLM-based inference operate, before discussing the integration of the two technologies to leverage the strengths and limit the weaknesses of the individual technologies.
This has echoes of the by now familiar paradigm that blends tools and techniques from mathematical optimization (prescriptive analytics) and tools from machine learning (predictive analytics), using each technology to its strengths.
In that regard, the new white paper is not scientifically surprising. However, it is really quite far-reaching in its vision. The following citation from the last part of the paper is an example of this.
