amerock yeleneh gertruide
Marthe Bernskoetter
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I started getting questions about Netflix\u2019s new gut-health documentary before it even came out. The trailer for \u201CHack Your Health: The Secrets of Your Gut\u201D was pushed to multiple people in my life (including me), presumably based on our past viewing habits\u2014I don\u2019t typically watch things like that for fun, but I\u2019ve been using my account for research purposes recently, so now I\u2019m getting served all the wellness-y stuff. But it was also pushed to family members who don\u2019t really go for that sort of thing, so maybe the algorithm is casting a wider net with this one.
Given the questions plus my general interest in gut health, I decided to watch this doc. I was ready for it to be full of overblown rhetoric about the gut\u2019s role in well-being, but the hype was even more egregious than I\u2019d anticipated\u2014and with a level of casual fatphobia that felt out of place in 2024.
The film opens with Giulia Enders, a telegenic German medical doctor and researcher who is arguably the world\u2019s biggest hyper of gut health, walking through a field of tall grass with a telescope. As we watch her set it up and peer through the lens, she explains in voiceover that humans have made incredible discoveries about this planet and even visited the moon, but that \u201Chardly anyone has really adventured into their own gut.\u201D
Despite the relative newness of gut research, she and the other featured experts are surprisingly confident in their claims. Within the first minute, we hear that the gut can determine whether we are \u201Coverweight\u201D or \u201Cobese,\u201D whether we get diseases like heart disease, autism, depression, anxiety. There\u2019s footage of people eating fast food, meat, and soda, intercut with celebrities making wellness claims and four \u201Cregular people\u201D expressing confusion about what to eat and how to be healthy. Then, the chorus of gut researchers, fronted by Enders, chimes in: looking at all of these issues through the lens of the gut makes everything clear. As the opening song crescendos, Justin Sonnenburg, another famous researcher and purveyor of gut-health hype, delivers the film\u2019s thesis: the gut is \u201Cthe center of a biomedical revolution.\u201D
Of course, the gut microbiome is a hot area of research, and there may well be some cause for excitement. There is some observational evidence showing correlations between gut microbes and certain health outcomes, and while it\u2019s still far too early to make the kinds of causal claims that get thrown around in the doc, I\u2019m sure it\u2019s an exhilarating time to be a researcher in this area\u2014designing studies, testing theories, exploring what feels like a whole new universe. The film does a good job of capturing that heady feeling.
There are other things to like about it, too. The production values are great, as you\u2019d expect from Netflix. There\u2019s cute stop-motion animation with little woolen dolls and animals\u2014though unfortunately it\u2019s sometimes deployed in wildly weight-stigmatizing ways, like showing creatures blowing up like balloons and rolling away after eating certain foods. My favorite part was the four featured non-experts\u2014particularly Maya Okada Erickson, a Michelin-starred pastry chef with an eating disorder, who is thoughtful about how her fear of food could play a role in her digestive issues, and who candidly says that the experts\u2019 recommendations of foods to eat and avoid probably won\u2019t be helpful given her tendency toward obsessiveness. I wish the film spent more time with these people and showed them getting some real help for their issues\u2014three of the four seem to be struggling with some degree of disordered eating, and one has a history of chronic dieting.
Instead, the health claims really dominate this doc, which I think is to its detriment. There are too many to address here today, and I\u2019ll likely continue to unpack some of them in my ongoing coverage of gut health. But today I want to focus on two claims: that the microbiome determines your weight, and that it can dictate what diseases you get. Both of these claims conflate correlation and causation, and neither is based on solid science. In fact, it\u2019s surprising just how shaky the evidence for them really is.
My friend Mary, who drove us to R-Place Restaurant, took her burger apart, eating meat, then toppings, then buns. The last bit of grease-soaked bread was too much for her, though. I ate mine the traditional way, and only made it through about a quarter.
Certainly, vegans can make a fair and compelling series about veganism. Starting in high school, I was trained as a journalist to believe in a neutral, objective approach to reporting, but have come to understand that is bullshit. It pretends journalists or documentarians alike do not have perspectives and are not making subjective decisions in their work, suggesting they are coming from literally nowhere, and is an idea that plagues journalism.
You Are What You Eat often uses appalling imagery, like chickens and pigs smashed together in cages, turtles caught in nets, large pools of blood, feces spraying in the air, salmon in farms with sores on their bodies.
I was annoyed by the lack of focus on the study. The subjects on the vegan diet losing muscle during the study was glossed over. How many calories were they consuming? What were the macros? How much were they exercising?
As a vegan of 5 years, speaking for myself I would have liked to see more scientific information myself, but as a tv viewer, I can attest that documentaries seldom offer Harvard references throughout to legitimise their claims, nor do other subjects often face the same scrutiny as veganism which triggers many omnivores.
There was elements in the documentary that did seem oversimplified and biased towards a plant based diet, but I would still argue that the environmental reasons outlined throughout are credible in their own right, and the fact that farmed animals outweigh natural wildlife 19x is astonishingly clear.
Supplements are often required to support a healthy vegan diet, and I take those as needed, but one fact ignored by carnivores or omnivores is often that the animals they consume are supplemented themselves. B12 levels in bovine are high because they are fed powder, soya production is predominantly done to feed livestock, and as is mentioned amongst other facts in the documentary, processed red meat consumption is listed as a type 1 carcinogen.
Yes, some meats are more processed than others, but the more highly processed meat is more affordable, consumed more often and increases risk of heart disease and cholesterol problems substantially compared with a plant based diet.
What I think is often overlooked is that whether an agenda is sewn throughout a documentary, study or whichever, you have to use your common sense to parse truth and not simply conflate intention with manipulation.
Far more money is spent on marketing to maintain the status quo of high animal consumption, ie more money spent on industrialised animal farming propaganda, than vegan propaganda, but when environmental scientists, nutritionists and moral philosophy points towards a clear cut answer, arguing for small details in an overwhelmingly more potent and convincing bigger picture ends up becoming casuistry and confirmation bias.
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