The region of Kashmir, situated on the borders of India and Pakistan, has been disputed by the two countries since they both became independent in 1947. Kashmir acceded to India, leading to an outbreak of violence that was ended by a ceasefire and the deployment of a UN peacekeeping force. The UN mission expanded to become the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP), and it has supervised the State of Jammu and Kashmir ever since 1949.
The first group of United Nations military observers arrived in the mission area on 24 January of 1949 to supervise the ceasefire between India and Pakistan in the State of Jammu and Kashmir. These observers, under the command of the Military Adviser appointed by the UN Secretary-General, formed the nucleus of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP).
Following renewed hostilities of 1971, UNMOGIP has remained in the area to observe developments pertaining to the strict observance of the ceasefire of 17 December 1971 and report thereon to the Secretary-General.
National Health Mission (NHM) now subsumes NRHM (National Rural Health Mission) & NUHM (National Urban Health Mission) which have been designated as sub-missions (of NHM). National Rural Health Mission(NHM) is aimed at bringing about dramatic improvement in the health system and the health status of the people especially those living in rural areas of the country. It seeks to provide access to equitable, affordable and quality health care, reduction of IMR & MMR, population stabilization and gender & demographic balance which in turn whould help in achieving goals set under the National Health Policy and the Millennium Development Goals. J&K under this Mission is focusing on empowerment of people through effective mechanism of Rogi Kalyan Samities, Decentralized planning and implementation, strengthening of physical infrastructure and ensuring fully functional facilities at the doorstep of the people not withstanding odds of topography & situational constraints.
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