I just found the paper online, it's at:
http://www.ams.org/bull/1947-53-10/S0002-9904-1947-08911-4/
Apparently the whole journal (Bulletin) is available for free online.
Wow!
I read the rest of the paper diagonally and it is about whether
simpler forms of recursion (than the classical one we studied) are
enough to generate all of the primitive recursive functions, and if
not, which basic functions are enough to make up for the difference. I
am pretty sure that this paper will not shed light on the Ackermann
function, but I'll read it some more anyway. It should not hurt to
know more about PRF for when I get to the next paper by Robinson in
which he does prove that the Ackermann function is not primitive
recursive.