you can certainly push constants using the two instructions you mention. Your code will be a little bigger than necessary, but that is a minor thing. You need to use ldc2_w for doubles, since they have size two words.
As regards the dcmp<op> instructions, there is really no confusion. You can look at the descriptions of the operators in Chapter 6 of The Java Virtual Machine Specification to see the specified behaviour. You find this linked from the Resources page on the course web site or by following this link:
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jvms/second_edition/html/VMSpecTOC.doc.html
Note the convenient alphabetic index of instructions at the top of the Chapter 6 page.
Best regards
Björn