The GCC manual says:
`-rdynamic'
Pass the flag `-export-dynamic' to the ELF linker, on targets that
support it. This instructs the linker to add all symbols, not only
used ones, to the dynamic symbol table. This option is needed for
some uses of `dlopen' or to allow obtaining backtraces from within
a program.
It's a linker option, so it doesn't affect the code generated by the
compiler. As far as I can tell, the only effect would be to make the
binary larger, which probably isn't a major concern these days.
Presumably the size increase would depend on the number of symbols you
have; why not try it with and without, and see what you observe?