This is the P!=NP proof revised from the previous one.
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ANPC::= Set of decision problems that additional information c must
be provided to compute the problem in P-time (including
processing the information c (certificate)).
Since the information c can be generated in O(2^N) time, the upper
bound of ANPC is O(2^N) (checking c is in P-time).
Corollary: ANPC ⊆ ℕℙ
(from ℕℙ definition: "... ℕℙ is the set of decision
problems verifiable in polynomial time by a
deterministic Turing machine.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP_(complexity)")
If we try to prove or show that an ANPC problem can be solved in P-
time, we would also be trying to prove/show that the requirement of
the additional information c is not necessary. Thus, such a proof
will just prove itself not a valid proof, IOW, ANPC==P is unprovable.
Conclusion: ANPC is not P-time provable/solvable (implied by
ANPC definition)
Corollary: ℕℙ!=ℙ (ANPC ⊆ ℕℙ AND ANPC!=ℙ)
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I had just read something about the P-NP problem again, the P-
NP problem is actually quite tricky and highly 'academic'. That is
why the proof was changed to using ANPC. This version of P!=NP
proof is easy to understand. But, sadly, it does not provide direct
insight as to why TSP (or other NPC graph problems) cannot be solved in
P-time. I think this part may be (I am not sure) explained by Cook-
Levin Theorem (The CNF-SAT problem might be provable in O(2^N)).