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z80pack - Cromemco DAZZLER
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Udo Munk
Apr 29, 2015, 3:03:56 PM4/29/15
to
As you know from the Z-1 thread I added a Cromemco DAZZLER
video board to the z80pack emulations. Because this can't be shown
well with screenshots I created some videos showing the stuff,
available here:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwOfdlzktTTDuFyFODbA3yA/videos
I have also added the DAZZLER to the Altair 8800 emulation, well,
it was build for that machine. Will be included with z80pack 1.27.
I typed in the DAZZLER version of Conway's Game of Life, available
for the Z-1 here:
http://www.autometer.de/unix4fun/z80pack/ftp/cromemco/
The vintage software for the DAZZLER I was able to find so far is:
Cromemco Graphics for DAZZLER
A version of Kaleidoscope modified to run under CP/M, the original
was a hex tape with the software running standalone @ 0.
Conway's Game of Life for the DAZZLER.
If anyone has more of the old software for the DAZZLER board
I would appreciate a copy, thanks.
video board to the z80pack emulations. Because this can't be shown
well with screenshots I created some videos showing the stuff,
available here:
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwOfdlzktTTDuFyFODbA3yA/videos
I have also added the DAZZLER to the Altair 8800 emulation, well,
it was build for that machine. Will be included with z80pack 1.27.
I typed in the DAZZLER version of Conway's Game of Life, available
for the Z-1 here:
http://www.autometer.de/unix4fun/z80pack/ftp/cromemco/
The vintage software for the DAZZLER I was able to find so far is:
Cromemco Graphics for DAZZLER
A version of Kaleidoscope modified to run under CP/M, the original
was a hex tape with the software running standalone @ 0.
Conway's Game of Life for the DAZZLER.
If anyone has more of the old software for the DAZZLER board
I would appreciate a copy, thanks.
Udo Munk
May 4, 2015, 2:30:28 PM5/4/15
to
On Wednesday, April 29, 2015 at 9:03:56 PM UTC+2, Udo Munk wrote:
I've tested the FELIX animation system from CP/M user group disk #035.
That works OK, but the included example animations are not my taste.
Maybe anyone likes to write an animation for that, which can be shown.
The Spacewar game also is working, well you can watch the ships crashing
into the sun, no joysticks to control them. If anyone needs an Intel hex
file with the game let me know, I can upload it then.
I've tested the FELIX animation system from CP/M user group disk #035.
That works OK, but the included example animations are not my taste.
Maybe anyone likes to write an animation for that, which can be shown.
The Spacewar game also is working, well you can watch the ships crashing
into the sun, no joysticks to control them. If anyone needs an Intel hex
file with the game let me know, I can upload it then.
1alvina...@gmail.com
Oct 16, 2015, 1:55:42 AM10/16/15
to
On Wednesday, April 29, 2015 at 1:03:56 PM UTC-6, Udo Munk wrote:
> As you know from the Z-1 thread I added a Cromemco DAZZLER
> video board to the z80pack emulations.
Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
> As you know from the Z-1 thread I added a Cromemco DAZZLER
> video board to the z80pack emulations.
I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, even a simple buzzer. I imagine some machines must have been able to generate an audio beep at least and if so was there any standard way to write 1s/0s to the buzzer?
Mr. Emmanuel Roche, France
Oct 16, 2015, 3:58:07 AM10/16/15
to
Alvina Albrecht wrote:
(The least that can be said is that we don't see many girls on the comp.os.cpm Newsgroup...)
> Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
I don't know. I rarely use an emulator. As for "graphics", the standard for CP/M is GSX, and only a handful of "screen drivers" were written, most of them being for printers. (The "standard" output device used to check GSX was the Hewlett-Packard HP-7470A graphics plotter, whose resolution was 3.000X10.000 dots...) (Most of the screen drivers were written for the NEC uPD-7220 GDC but, unfortunately, the IBM Clown used another (much inferior) chip...)
> I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, even a simple buzzer. I imagine some machines must have been able to generate an audio beep at least and if so was there any standard way to write 1s/0s to the buzzer?
1) Gary Kildall wrote that, during 2 years, he used an ASR-33 Teletype when developing CP/M and PL/M at the NPS. That's why there is no reference to any "screen" in the 40 system calls of CP/M 2. (The NPS used an unusual screen, that left no trace in CP/M.) The ASR-33 Teletype has a real brass "bell", which makes a wonderful noise. I wanted to record it, so as to play it on my computer (instead of "beep") but did not find an electronician willing to help me.
2) The "standard" MUSIC.COM program that I know was published in the "Software Library" of the CP/M User Group (UK). A few weeks ago, Freek Heite talked about his Web site (in the thread "Re: CP/M Software Library from the CP/M User Group (UK) ?") which has a huge ZIP file containing (among several copies of other Users' Groups) a copy of some of the "Volumes" of this Soft Lib. As far as I understand it, this huge ZIP file contains:
CPM00 = CP/M User's Group Volumes 1-93
CPM02 = MPS-Brugergruppen, Copenhagen, NetherLand
CPM03 = Big Board user disks
CPM05 = CP/Mgg-NL Volumes
CPM06 = BDS C User Group Volumes?
CPM07 = MBASIC Programs
CPM08 = Improved Volumes from CP/M User Group (UK) ?
CPM09 = CP/M User Group (UK) Volumes 1-86 (so, about 40 Volumes are missing)
CPM10 = SIG/M Volumes 1-99
CPM11 = SIG/M Volumes 100-199
CPM12 = SIG/M Volumes 200-280
OVERBRUG = 5 emulators?
So, in your case, you will need to search in the CPM09 directory, until you find MUSIC.COM.
There was an article, published in the "Journal" of the CP/M User Group (UK), explaining how to use the program, and how to solder an interface to a stereo system, to hear the various recordings provided.
See if there is a DOC file (file written in the DOCumentation mode of WordStar, not (of course) the MicroShit file format of Word). (I am writing this from memory.) If not, maybe I could find and retype the article. The problem will be the schematics of the very simple circuit board used, since I am not an electronician (and have not found one in my area in the last 15 years...).
Yours Sincerely,
Mr. Emmanuel Roche, France
(The least that can be said is that we don't see many girls on the comp.os.cpm Newsgroup...)
> Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
> I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, even a simple buzzer. I imagine some machines must have been able to generate an audio beep at least and if so was there any standard way to write 1s/0s to the buzzer?
2) The "standard" MUSIC.COM program that I know was published in the "Software Library" of the CP/M User Group (UK). A few weeks ago, Freek Heite talked about his Web site (in the thread "Re: CP/M Software Library from the CP/M User Group (UK) ?") which has a huge ZIP file containing (among several copies of other Users' Groups) a copy of some of the "Volumes" of this Soft Lib. As far as I understand it, this huge ZIP file contains:
CPM00 = CP/M User's Group Volumes 1-93
CPM02 = MPS-Brugergruppen, Copenhagen, NetherLand
CPM03 = Big Board user disks
CPM05 = CP/Mgg-NL Volumes
CPM06 = BDS C User Group Volumes?
CPM07 = MBASIC Programs
CPM08 = Improved Volumes from CP/M User Group (UK) ?
CPM09 = CP/M User Group (UK) Volumes 1-86 (so, about 40 Volumes are missing)
CPM10 = SIG/M Volumes 1-99
CPM11 = SIG/M Volumes 100-199
CPM12 = SIG/M Volumes 200-280
OVERBRUG = 5 emulators?
So, in your case, you will need to search in the CPM09 directory, until you find MUSIC.COM.
There was an article, published in the "Journal" of the CP/M User Group (UK), explaining how to use the program, and how to solder an interface to a stereo system, to hear the various recordings provided.
See if there is a DOC file (file written in the DOCumentation mode of WordStar, not (of course) the MicroShit file format of Word). (I am writing this from memory.) If not, maybe I could find and retype the article. The problem will be the schematics of the very simple circuit board used, since I am not an electronician (and have not found one in my area in the last 15 years...).
Yours Sincerely,
Mr. Emmanuel Roche, France
Udo Munk
Oct 16, 2015, 9:32:29 AM10/16/15
to
On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 7:55:42 AM UTC+2, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
> Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
No. You always can use the Tektronix emulations included with xterm from
> Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
any CP/M emulation. z80pack has example disks and drivers that show how
to do this, should also work with other emulations.
The Apple][ emulation Virtual-II includes emulation of the Z80 card,
so it can run CP/M and the Microsoft BASIC interpreters for the Z80 card
can be used for drwaing Apple][ graphics.
There are other emulations for systems like Joyce that emulate the graphics
too.
> I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, > even a simple buzzer. I imagine some machines must have been able to
> generate an audio beep at least and if so was there any standard way to > > write 1s/0s to the buzzer?
rings if ASCII 007 is send to the terminal. Still works with 21th century
equipment.
Steve Nickolas
Oct 16, 2015, 10:02:58 AM10/16/15
to
On Fri, 16 Oct 2015, Mr. Emmanuel Roche, France wrote:
> I don't know. I rarely use an emulator. As for "graphics", the standard
> for CP/M is GSX, and only a handful of "screen drivers" were written,
> most of them being for printers. (The "standard" output device used to
> check GSX was the Hewlett-Packard HP-7470A graphics plotter, whose
> resolution was 3.000X10.000 dots...) (Most of the screen drivers were
> written for the NEC uPD-7220 GDC but, unfortunately, the IBM Clown used
> another (much inferior) chip...)
The 6845 was, at least, pretty standard, and the PC wasn't the only
> I don't know. I rarely use an emulator. As for "graphics", the standard
> for CP/M is GSX, and only a handful of "screen drivers" were written,
> most of them being for printers. (The "standard" output device used to
> check GSX was the Hewlett-Packard HP-7470A graphics plotter, whose
> resolution was 3.000X10.000 dots...) (Most of the screen drivers were
> written for the NEC uPD-7220 GDC but, unfortunately, the IBM Clown used
> another (much inferior) chip...)
machine to use it. I think at least one machine capable of running CP/M
(Amstrad CPC) used it too (as well as the Commodore video controllers all
being descendents of its clone the 6545).
Of course the MSX2 was a capable enough CP/M machine as well, if you ran
CP/M on it (and even if you didn't you could still run CP/M software on
it). That was the V9938 video chip.
-uso.
Steve Nickolas
Oct 16, 2015, 10:05:16 AM10/16/15
to
On Fri, 16 Oct 2015, Udo Munk wrote:
> The Apple][ emulation Virtual-II includes emulation of the Z80 card,
> so it can run CP/M and the Microsoft BASIC interpreters for the Z80 card
> can be used for drwaing Apple][ graphics.
As well, AppleWin also emulates the Z80 card and can run CP/M 2.2 and 3.1.
> The Apple][ emulation Virtual-II includes emulation of the Z80 card,
> so it can run CP/M and the Microsoft BASIC interpreters for the Z80 card
> can be used for drwaing Apple][ graphics.
The "Agat Emulator" is also capable of emulating a Z80 card installed in
an Apple ][; in addition, it also supports the Videx VideoTerm in a ][ or
][+. It too is capable of running CP/M 2.2 and 3.1.
-uso.
1alvina...@gmail.com
Oct 16, 2015, 7:03:25 PM10/16/15
to
On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 1:58:07 AM UTC-6, Mr. Emmanuel Roche, France wrote:
> > Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
>
> I don't know. I rarely use an emulator.
Unfortunately I don't have real CP/M hardware so I have to rely on emulation to try anything out. The CP/M era was a little before my time, though not too much.
> As for "graphics", the standard for CP/M is GSX, and only a handful of "screen drivers" were written, most of them being for printers. (The "standard" output device used to check GSX was the Hewlett-Packard HP-7470A graphics plotter, whose resolution was 3.000X10.000 dots...)
(Udo also mentioned the Tektronix terminal and Steve the Apple II Videx Videoterm). MSX and CPC I am not including as I consider them independent (from CP/M) targets.
I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap as I would like to try bringing a proportional font terminal and software sprite engine to some subset of CP/M machines (just for fun of course). GSX is a graphics terminal abstraction that eliminates this sort of low-level detail so I can't use it for this type of application. I think the Tektronix terminal is probably out for the same reason as I assume the program can only communicate graphics instructions via serial line, although I will have to do some research to verify that's the case. I will look into what the Apple II z80 card allowed.
The Dazzler is compatible with what I had in mind (memory mapped bitmap), it's emulated and it was the first graphics card which makes it fun to target. But its max resolution of 128x128 pixels is a little bit constraining. So I was wondering if there were other similar standardish standalone cards that are emulated (so I can test) or otherwise that I could also target.
> > I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, even a simple buzzer.
> 1) Gary Kildall wrote that, during 2 years.......The ASR-33 Teletype has a real brass "bell", which makes a wonderful noise.
Lol well I guess that would be the lowest common denominator.
> 2) The "standard" MUSIC.COM program that I know was published in the "Software Library" of the CP/M User Group (UK).
Thank you very much. I found it in there without too much trouble. You're expected to add an 8-bit DAC to the printer port to generate the music.
What I have in mind is creating three-voice music with a simpler buzzer, which I assumed was the minimum audio device needed to accommodate CTRL-G (kildall's brass bell being the exception here). You can get quite good results and I would like to try on some CP/M era machines. I thought the CTRL-G sound would have been generated in software by toggling 1s and 0s to the speaker (and this is what I am looking for) but I imagine it may have been done with some multivibrator circuit on some machines. Anyway from the responses the answer is there is no standard and audio generation without additional hardware was not done? I'll have to try to hunt down some schematics of common machines to see if what I want to do can be done on a machine-by-machine basis at least.
OTH, if someone wants to try it on their real z80 CP/M machine running at 3MHz-6MHz with addressable speaker, I can supply a test.com to give it a whirl.
> Alvin Albrecht wrote:
>
> (The least that can be said is that we don't see many girls on the comp.os.cpm Newsgroup...)
Sadly we'll have to keep looking... I corrected the name delineation above :)
>
> (The least that can be said is that we don't see many girls on the comp.os.cpm Newsgroup...)
> > Is the Dazzler the only cpm-era graphics board currently emulated?
>
> I don't know. I rarely use an emulator.
> As for "graphics", the standard for CP/M is GSX, and only a handful of "screen drivers" were written, most of them being for printers. (The "standard" output device used to check GSX was the Hewlett-Packard HP-7470A graphics plotter, whose resolution was 3.000X10.000 dots...)
I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap as I would like to try bringing a proportional font terminal and software sprite engine to some subset of CP/M machines (just for fun of course). GSX is a graphics terminal abstraction that eliminates this sort of low-level detail so I can't use it for this type of application. I think the Tektronix terminal is probably out for the same reason as I assume the program can only communicate graphics instructions via serial line, although I will have to do some research to verify that's the case. I will look into what the Apple II z80 card allowed.
The Dazzler is compatible with what I had in mind (memory mapped bitmap), it's emulated and it was the first graphics card which makes it fun to target. But its max resolution of 128x128 pixels is a little bit constraining. So I was wondering if there were other similar standardish standalone cards that are emulated (so I can test) or otherwise that I could also target.
> > I'm also wondering if there was any standard sound device on cpm machines, even a simple buzzer.
Lol well I guess that would be the lowest common denominator.
> 2) The "standard" MUSIC.COM program that I know was published in the "Software Library" of the CP/M User Group (UK).
What I have in mind is creating three-voice music with a simpler buzzer, which I assumed was the minimum audio device needed to accommodate CTRL-G (kildall's brass bell being the exception here). You can get quite good results and I would like to try on some CP/M era machines. I thought the CTRL-G sound would have been generated in software by toggling 1s and 0s to the speaker (and this is what I am looking for) but I imagine it may have been done with some multivibrator circuit on some machines. Anyway from the responses the answer is there is no standard and audio generation without additional hardware was not done? I'll have to try to hunt down some schematics of common machines to see if what I want to do can be done on a machine-by-machine basis at least.
OTH, if someone wants to try it on their real z80 CP/M machine running at 3MHz-6MHz with addressable speaker, I can supply a test.com to give it a whirl.
roger...@gmail.com
Oct 16, 2015, 10:02:55 PM10/16/15
to
On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 4:03:25 PM UTC-7, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap
Don't forget we're talking about a 64K address space here, which would
> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap
need to hold CP/M, your app, and the bitmap.
Personally, I've encountered very few CP/M machines that could do bitmap
graphics. A friend of mine had a Televideo 803, but he never did any
graphics on it.
> What I have in mind is creating three-voice music with a simpler buzzer,
> which I assumed was the minimum audio device needed to accommodate CTRL-G
> (kildall's brass bell being the exception here).
Televideo 803, a Kaypro 10, and an Osborne 1, all the CP/M machines I've
used were via serial terminal.
The Televideo 802, for example, combined the circuitry of a CP/M machine
with that of a Televideo 950 terminal. Even thought it was all in one box,
you were still poking at CP/M via a terminal and you're only beep was
sending a BEL to the terminal.
The DECmate II ran a terminal emulator on the PDP-8 side that talked to
the APU via the command registers, so I guess you could say that was
more of a parallel terminal.
I was involved with one fellow how wired DTR from his machine (generic
8" CP/M) to the speaker of his Heathkit H19 so he could do a bit more by
wiggling DTR through the UART.
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
roger...@gmail.com
Oct 16, 2015, 10:11:33 PM10/16/15
to
Come to think of it, there was also that Digilog that I used for quite
a while.
The interesting thing about the Digilog was that there was quite a distance
between whatever circuitry generated the beep and the amplifier that fed
it to the speaker, which meant that the amplifier picked up a lot of noise
from the machine; there was a faint background noise caused by the software
the machine was running.
Got to the point where I could tell by the noise how close some of the
long-running programs I used were getting to asking for more input.
Similar, I suppose, to the time-honored practice of setting an AM radio
on a machine to generate sound.
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
a while.
The interesting thing about the Digilog was that there was quite a distance
between whatever circuitry generated the beep and the amplifier that fed
it to the speaker, which meant that the amplifier picked up a lot of noise
from the machine; there was a faint background noise caused by the software
the machine was running.
Got to the point where I could tell by the noise how close some of the
long-running programs I used were getting to asking for more input.
Similar, I suppose, to the time-honored practice of setting an AM radio
on a machine to generate sound.
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
roger...@gmail.com
Oct 16, 2015, 11:52:28 PM10/16/15
to
Oh, yeah. And the same fellow who hooked the DTR of his H19 to the
speaker installed a larger character generator EPROM and a switch
on the front of his terminal. When you flipped the switch, the standard
character set was replaced by a character subcell graphics set similar
to the one used by the TRS-80 Model I.
If you have a VT220, you can do the same thing with the sixel soft font.
As I recall, the stock H19 character set could almost do 2x2 character
subcell graphics, but was missing one of the characters. Don't recall
which one.
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
speaker installed a larger character generator EPROM and a switch
on the front of his terminal. When you flipped the switch, the standard
character set was replaced by a character subcell graphics set similar
to the one used by the TRS-80 Model I.
If you have a VT220, you can do the same thing with the sixel soft font.
As I recall, the stock H19 character set could almost do 2x2 character
subcell graphics, but was missing one of the characters. Don't recall
which one.
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
glen herrmannsfeldt
Oct 17, 2015, 3:25:31 AM10/17/15
to
roger...@gmail.com wrote:
> On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 4:03:25 PM UTC-7, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
>> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap
> Don't forget we're talking about a 64K address space here, which would
> need to hold CP/M, your app, and the bitmap.
That would make good use out of bank-switch memory, where you could
> On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 4:03:25 PM UTC-7, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
>> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap
> Don't forget we're talking about a 64K address space here, which would
> need to hold CP/M, your app, and the bitmap.
switch in all or part of the bitmap, update it, then switch back.
> Personally, I've encountered very few CP/M machines that could do bitmap
> graphics. A friend of mine had a Televideo 803, but he never did any
> graphics on it.
separate memory or bank switch, would be a good way.
The Tektronix storage tube terminals were relatively popular at the
time.
-- glen
Udo Munk
Oct 17, 2015, 6:36:40 AM10/17/15
to
On Saturday, October 17, 2015 at 1:03:25 AM UTC+2, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
> (Udo also mentioned the Tektronix terminal and Steve the Apple II Videx Videoterm).
> MSX and CPC I am not including as I consider them independent (from CP/M) targets.
>
> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap as I would like to try
> bringing a proportional font terminal and software sprite engine to some subset of CP/M machines
> (just for fun of course). GSX is a graphics terminal abstraction that eliminates this sort of low-level
> detail so I can't use it for this type of application. I think the Tektronix terminal is probably out for
> the same reason as I assume the program can only communicate graphics instructions via serial line,
> although I will have to do some research to verify that's the case. I will look into what the Apple II
> z80 card allowed.
GSX has all bitblit operations needed for bitmapped graphics, so could be used for scalable
> (Udo also mentioned the Tektronix terminal and Steve the Apple II Videx Videoterm).
> MSX and CPC I am not including as I consider them independent (from CP/M) targets.
>
> I am trying to grab hold of a memory-mapped or io-addressable bitmap as I would like to try
> bringing a proportional font terminal and software sprite engine to some subset of CP/M machines
> (just for fun of course). GSX is a graphics terminal abstraction that eliminates this sort of low-level
> detail so I can't use it for this type of application. I think the Tektronix terminal is probably out for
> the same reason as I assume the program can only communicate graphics instructions via serial line,
> although I will have to do some research to verify that's the case. I will look into what the Apple II
> z80 card allowed.
fonts, sprites, a window system...
Correct, the Tektronix terminals receive plot commands via serial line. The technology was good
for drawing vectors fast, but it can't do bitblit operations.
The Apple ][ Z80 card has access to the video bitmap memory, so everything can be done the
Apple graphics was capable of.
> The Dazzler is compatible with what I had in mind (memory mapped bitmap), it's emulated
> and it was the first graphics card which makes it fun to target. But its max resolution of 128x128
> standalone cards that are emulated (so I can test) or otherwise that I could also target.
The Dazzler card was interesting for me, because it was the first one, soon it will be 40 years
after it's invention. Then we have some of the original software for it for playing around and
for demonstration how this all started way back then. Also Cromemco tried to establish
a graphics standard API way before GSX, which is interesting to see, how this all developed further
to the stuff we use nowadays.
Yeah, well Apple ][ graphics was the next step after the Dazzler, still very constraining to nowadays
standards.
Mark Garlanger
Oct 17, 2015, 12:42:12 PM10/17/15
to
On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 6:03:25 PM UTC-5, 1alvina...@gmail.com wrote:
>
> I thought the CTRL-G sound would have been generated in software by toggling 1s and 0s to the speaker (and this is what I am looking for) but I imagine it may have been done with some multivibrator circuit on some machines. Anyway from the responses the answer is there is no standard and audio generation without additional hardware was not done? I'll have to try to hunt down some schematics of common machines to see if what I want to do can be done on a machine-by-machine basis at least.
>
The way that Heath's H19 terminal/H89 computer handled it, was to always have a 1000 Hz square wave whose signal was gated. When a ^G (BEL) or keyclick was to be created, the signal would be allowed to pass to the speaker for the desired amount of time and then gated again. This was all handled by the terminal portion of the system. On an H89, the main CPU and terminal board were connected by a RS-232 serial line. So when the CPU 'printed' a ^G, it would go through the serial line and be handled by the terminal board (which also happened to have a Z80 processor, but was not accessible).
>
> I thought the CTRL-G sound would have been generated in software by toggling 1s and 0s to the speaker (and this is what I am looking for) but I imagine it may have been done with some multivibrator circuit on some machines. Anyway from the responses the answer is there is no standard and audio generation without additional hardware was not done? I'll have to try to hunt down some schematics of common machines to see if what I want to do can be done on a machine-by-machine basis at least.
>
I'm emulating the sound in my emulator: http://heathkit.garlanger.com/emulator/jsH89/ But it seems like it occasionally misses the key clicks, I'll need to track down the issue.
Mark Garlanger
Oct 17, 2015, 12:52:34 PM10/17/15
to
On Friday, October 16, 2015 at 10:52:28 PM UTC-5, roger...@gmail.com wrote:
> As I recall, the stock H19 character set could almost do 2x2 character
> subcell graphics, but was missing one of the characters. Don't recall
> which one.
> --
> roger ivie
> roger...@gmail.com
It was missing the diagonal (either top/left - bottom/right or top/right - bottom/left). If it had either one, the opposite would also be available by using reverse video.
> As I recall, the stock H19 character set could almost do 2x2 character
> subcell graphics, but was missing one of the characters. Don't recall
> which one.
> --
> roger ivie
> roger...@gmail.com
Some third party character ROM replacements were available, and many of those, included that symbol.
Mark
David Schultz
Oct 17, 2015, 1:17:35 PM10/17/15
to
sequences on one side and ASCII on the other. Surely someone has scanned
that and put it on a web page somewhere...
https://groups.google.com/group/sebhc/attach/b2b1dc78b16a4b69/Heathkit%20H19%20DECIMAL%20TO%20OCTAL%20TO%20HEX%20CONVERSION.pdf?part=0.4&authuser=0&view=1
--
David W. Schultz
http://home.earthlink.net/~david.schultz
Returned for Regrooving
roger...@gmail.com
Oct 17, 2015, 6:42:33 PM10/17/15
to
On Saturday, October 17, 2015 at 10:17:35 AM UTC-7, David Schultz wrote:
> I still have my handy dandy H19 laminated reference sheet. H19 ESC
> sequences on one side and ASCII on the other. Surely someone has scanned
> that and put it on a web page somewhere...
Don't know about that specific reference sheet, but the Z19 (H19 sold
> I still have my handy dandy H19 laminated reference sheet. H19 ESC
> sequences on one side and ASCII on the other. Surely someone has scanned
> that and put it on a web page somewhere...
by Zenith) operation manual can be found here:
http://www.vintagecomputer.net/zenith/z-19-cn/
--
roger ivie
roger...@gmail.com
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