I have got whatsapp calls on the car system, via BT. Similar experience
to what you describe: the number is "1" with several zeroes, and hit
answer doesn't work.
I'm not sure if the experience is different when the phone is also
connected to the car system via USB cable, for use with Android Auto. I
don't remember for sure if I was able to answer the call.
--
Cheers, Carlos.