Thanks and best regards from Montreal Canada
Robert-Francois
--
*************************************************
Apple ][, ][+, file://e, file://c, file://gs Forever
*************************************************
Mac SE/30, IIci, IIfx, Quadra950, G4
FOREVER
*************************************************
Televideo 802 & 803 Forever
Dec Rainbow Forever
*************************************************
Version\build history, maintenance releases
To obtain the version and build number use the following command:
?VERSION(0)
NOTE: You can use any number inside of VERSION() to return build number.
dBASE II
VERSION RELEASED COMMENTS
2.02 1980 First vers - 8 bit
2.02a
2.2
2.3 Jan 82
2.3a Jun 82
2.3b Aug 82 First 16 bit (quite buggy)
2.3c Internal release only
2.3d STABLE 16 bit version
2.4 Apr 83
2.41 Feb 84
2.43 Jan 85
2.43* Jun 85 *ONLY* version to utilize DOS 3.x
dBASE III
1.0 Jun 84 Copy protected
1.0e
1.1 Nov 84
1.2 Oct 85
dBASE III PLUS
1.0 x77 Dec 85
x95c May 86
2.0 x100 Jul 86 NO Copy protection
x102 Jan 87
dBASE IV
*- DOS
1.0 x322 Oct 88
1.1 x500 Jul 90
x507 See NOTE 1 below
x509 See NOTE 2 below
1.5 x67 Mar 92
x69 See NOTE 3 below
x71 See NOTE 4 below
2.0 x54 Mar 93 See NOTE 5 below
x16 Jan 94 Fixes problems with ERROR 1000's and MEMO corruption
x17 Aug 94 Certified with Netware VLMs
*- High End
1.1 x500bb Jun 91 Sun 4/SPARC/IPC
x500bc "
x500bb Jun 91 Sun 3
x500az " Intel 386
x500bc "
x500bb Jun 91 AIX
x500bc " VMS
2.0 x69 Jan 94 Solaris 1.x ( Sun OS 4.x )
Solaris 2.x ( Sun OS 5.x )
Solaris 2.x ( x86 Sun OS 5.x )
Intel 386 ( SVR3 )
Intel 386 ( Unixware, SVR4 )
x71 Mar 94 AIX ( RS6000 )
x73 Aug 94 VMS
dBASE Compiler
1.0 x55 Mar 93
2.0 x12 Oct 93 Includes fixes in dBASE IV v2.0 x16 above (not x17 i.e.
not VLM compatible, dB5D exe's are compatible). It's also a new version
that contain new features not in the V1.0 product: -32-bit generation
- Auto compiling and linking
- Smaller .EXE size
- Menu driver user interface
- Linker can produce combined .DBO output
- Linker can produce a .MAP file
- Compiler supports alternate date formats
- Support for wild-card character in file names
used with command-line switches.
dBASE 5 for DOS
1.0 x46 Jun 94
x58 Aug 94 Lots of small fixes. If you have x46 it is recommended you
get this.
dBASE 5 for WINDOWS
1.0 x343 Aug 94
x369 Oct 94 ODBC socket upgrade. Certified on WFWG.
Visual dBASE 5.5
5.5 b673 Jul 95
5.5a b689
5.6 b698 Jan 98
Visual dBASE 7
7.0 b1345 Dec 97 Full 32 bit version for Win 95/NT
7.01 b1419 Mar 98
7.5 <to be added>
--
Romain Strieff [dBVIPS]
News group posting guidelines at
http://www.dbase.com/cnt/newsguid.htm
From: Steve Silverwood (dBASE Inc.) <ssilv...@dbase2000.com>
Newsgroups: dbase.watercooler
Subject: Re: Vulcan
Date: Thu, 30 Mar 2000 10:20:40 -0800
Message-ID: <MPG.134d3ac58...@news.dbase2000.com>
In article <8bvq4o$218$1...@news.dbase2000.com>, tae...@someplace.de
says...
> BTW: the name "Ashton" is said to have been taken from George Tate's parrot.
> Is this true?
Ken has to give back his prize money....
The parrot -- actually a blue and gold macaw -- did not belong to
George. She belonged to the support manager, Jay Hanson, who still has
her and is living up in the Silicon Valley somewhere.
At the Culver City facility, her hangout was in the employee lounge
area, where she received a great deal of attention from the staff. On
weekends, she got a little lonely, so she would squawk with increasing
volume until someone came out and acknowledged her. Usually Jay would
take her home for the weekend, though.
In Torrance, she had a very large cage in the main lobby, where she
greeted everyone who came in.
I remember receiving a call in tech support from someone who was irate
and trying to bluff us for some reason. He claimed to be a good friend
of Mr. Tate and Mr. Ashton, and demanded priority treatment.... The
bluff didn't work, as I told him who "Miss" Ashton was and offered to
transfer him to her cage...! (Actually, we _both_ got a good laugh
out of that one.)
In 1975, C. Wayne Ratliff, while working for Martin Marietta
Corporation at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California,
was responsible for the ground support database that gathered Viking
lander information as it was sent back to earth from Mars. Wayne's
group used MFILE, a primitive data storage and retrieval system that
required extreme patience from users who waited in turn for their
punch cards to get a chance at the machine. The difficulty of
programming and slowness of processing begged for improvement.
When Arthur C. Clarke's movie 2001: A Space Odyssey was released,
HAL 9000, the movie's fantasy computer with a human voice, inspired
Wayne to research artificial intelligence, natural language, and
database management. He responded by purchasing hundreds of dollars
worth of books and spent hours reading them and incorporating new
ideas and algorithms into his programs at work, including some
original B-tree and pattern searching techniques.
In 1976, a friend bought and built an IMSAI 8080 hobby computer.
Wayne followed suit and had his machine up and running after more than
a year of fussing with solder joints, mail-order disk drives, and
operating systems. He settled on a crude disk operating system from
Processor Technology called PTDOS. CP/M eventually became very
popular, but hadn't yet been introduced. Ratliff started to spend less
time soldering and more time programming in 8080 assembly language.
The first home software project Wayne took on was a small database
manager modeled after the Viking's MFILE system. He read in one of his
books that relational databases would likely increase in popularity,
and he started reading a copy of the user manual he found in JPL's
computer lab for the Jet Proulsion Laboratory Data-Management and
Information System. JPLDIS was much smaller and simpler than MFILE,
and it's tabular data storage methods were semirelational. These
discoveries were timely, because Wayne's IMSAI had only 48 kilobytes
of memory before the operating system loaded and much less after
loading.
The first DBF file was developed around midnight on January 29,
1978, when Wayne finished implementing the CREATE command. He added
DISPLAY STRUCTURE, DISPLAY, APPEND, and EDIT to round out the first
definition, storage and retrieval commands, and within a few months
Ratliff had implemented BCD floating point arithmetic and polished up
what had become a useful suite of simple commands.
Shortly after these first breakthroughs, Ratliff's floppy drive
failed. When it was finally fixed after three months effort and
several mail-order part replacements, Wayne got back to work, but with
new plans to add real programming constructs not found in JPLDIS. He
borrowed ? and INPUT from BASIC, DO WHILE from Structured FORTRAN, and
ACCEPT from COBOL. Other commands, he says, "came from thin air."
Wayne called his program Vulcan. Vulcan was revolutionary, because
no one at that time thought the new breed of finicky little hobby
computers were solid enough to store important data. But with the
addition of structured programming constructs and the ability to
gather real-time input from users and store many records at once,
Vulcan's utility proved itself.
In 1979, Wayne invited Jeb Long, the lead JPLDIS developer, over
to
his house for a look at Vulcan. Jeb was excited about its commercial
potential and thought it would make the small new computers at JPL
more useful. He especially appreciated the fact that Vulcan shared
some features with JPLDIS, because that would make it easier for JPL
employees to accept and use.
JPL bought a license for Vulcan and requested several changes to
make Vulcan more like JPLDIS. Up to this time, Ratliff had only read
the JPLDIS manual. Then, he says, "I used JPLDIS for the first time
and noticed how everything was both familiar and alien to me at the
same instant." During this time, Ratliff moved his program to the new
CP/M operating system from Digital Research and got more serious about
making his program a commercial success.
MicroPro, the company that sold WordStar, started shipping
DataStar. Ratliff undertook the challenge to move his program out of
the line-oriented interface world and into the full-screen world of
microcomputers that was just emerging. He converted EDIT, APPEND, and
INSERT commands to address the full screen, built the first format
(FMT) file, and put B-tree indexing into the heart of Vulcan.
Vulcan sold 61 copies in nine months and suceeded in catching the
attention of marketing wizards George Lashlee and Hal Pawluk. They met
with Wayne in August 1980 to discus marketing, and Wayne gave them a
one year exclusive right to market and sell Vulcan.
Harris Computers in Florida threatened the little company, saying
that the name "Vulcan" belonged to their operating system and the
market would be confused. Vulcan was renamed to dBASE II shortly
thereafter. Wayne, Hal, and George Tate met in George Tate's garage
office to decide on a sales strategy, and Hal Pawluk, showing his
Beverly Hills advertising talent, appeared a few days later with an
ad, "dBASE II vs. The Bilge Pumps." It even included a
never-before-seen company name, Ashton-Tate. Not only had Hal named
the product, but the company as well.
Before selling the first copies of dBASE II, Ratliff made some
architectural changes to the product, and George Tate started giving
copies away. Wayne upgraded the indexes to B*-trees, added the @
command, and made the overlay structure more efficient. George started
giving copies away for evaluation. Deliveries started in February
1981, and sales took off, and they kept on growing.
In late 1981, Jeb Long was hired to help with programming. Jeb had
become responsible for JPLDIS when Jack Hatfield, JPLDIS's originator,
left JPL after about one year without completing the work. It took Jeb
only one week to get JPLDIS up and running. Wayne has said of Jeb, "A
week for Jeb is about equal to three months for the average
programmer." Working on Vulcan, Jeb modified the screen driver to
handle Osborne computers and translated 8080 assembly code to the 8086
instruction set. This was a critical move, because IBM had shipped its
first PC, and the smart software vendors were adjusting their plans to
take advantage of the software market IBM was creating. Other
programmers were also hired, and a C language version was begun.
In 1992 (this must be a typo in the book - it pretty much has to
be
1982 - Ken M.), Ratliff quit his job with Martin Marietta at JPL and
began working full time on dBASE. Microrim put pressure on dBASE sales
by shipping R:Base amidst fanfare and an aggressive ad campaign. In
response, Ratliff lead a team consisting of Jordan Brown, Alastair
Dallas, John Gieselman, Jeb Long, Chip Morton, and Jim Rowe in the
rapid development of dBASE III. It was shipped in June of 1984 and
became the de facto standard for customers and an industry archetype.
Since its early days, dBASE has grown in power just as computers
have grown in power. Sales have continued so that, today, dBASE has
become the cornerstone of applications development projects in more
large and small companies than any other database manager. It runs on
many different computers, on the Unix operating system, on VAX
minicomputers, and, of course, on DOS. Advanced versions of dBASE are
being built with object-oriented techniques for graphical
environments.
dBASE's success and popularity have created such a large market
that now many hope to consolidate an international 4GL standard based
on its legacy. The effort is now underway, being nurtured by the
American National Standards Institute's X3J19 Technical Committee,
Borland, and other cooperating vendors.
There are lots of differences between the three. I wouldn't say that
dBASE II is really Y2K compliant, but if you're still running CP/M then
that's about the only game in town.
If you get a DOS version of dBASE II, make sure it's version 2.43*
(including the asterisk) as that's the only version that will run on MS-
DOS 3.x and later reliably.
For dBASE III, bypass that and get dBASE III Plus instead. And for
dBASE IV, get version 1.5 or later.
--
-- // Steve //
Steve Silverwood
Knowledgebase Manager
dBASE, Inc.
ssilv...@dbase.com
www.dbase.com
<snip>
>For dBASE III, bypass that and get dBASE III Plus instead.
<snip>
Steve - Sorry to intrude... I'm a (happy) user of dBase III. However,
I'd very much like to upgrade to / buy dBase III Plus. Do you know,
please, how I could go about doing this?
I know that Visual dBase 5.5 was released (here in the UK) on a
computer magazine coverdisk, "free" for personal use. I don't suppose
the company has made dBase III Plus "freely" available in any similar
way? (Hope, hope.)
Chris O.
See http://www.dbase.com/KnowledgeBase/faq/older_dbase_products.htm
> I know that Visual dBase 5.5 was released (here in the UK) on a
> computer magazine coverdisk, "free" for personal use. I don't suppose
> the company has made dBase III Plus "freely" available in any similar
> way? (Hope, hope.)
This is the first I'd heard about such a release. Borland/Inprise still
hold the rights to dBASE III Plus but no longer sell or support it, so
best thing to do is check the above URL for sources of used product.
Hello Steve,
> For dBASE III, bypass that and get dBASE III Plus instead. And for
> dBASE IV, get version 1.5 or later.
> --
You know that I know that you know it - still:
your statement "version 1.5 or later" ist just too dangerous to let it
stand anywhere uncommented.
It should read:
version 1.5 build xxx71 or later.
Any of the previous versions would run into serious troubles with INDEXing
on nowadays' faster machines.
IMO one should never ever recommend any version of dB IV below 2.0.
Regards
Rainald
--
Prof. Dr. Rainald Taesler
Fachhochschule Heilbronn
University of Applied Sciences
Heilbronn/Germany
tae...@fh-heilbronn.de
Hello Chris,
> Steve - Sorry to intrude... I'm a (happy) user of dBase III. However,
> I'd very much like to upgrade to / buy dBase III Plus. Do you know,
> please, how I could go about doing this?
---
dBASE III+ is a thing of almost 1 1/2 decades ago.
No one under God's heaven does sell it anymore.
The only chance I'd see for you was to try one of the "electronic
auctions" - at "ebay" appear some offers for older dBASE versions every
now and then.
Or you might try one of the following companies selling old software:
.
http://www.softwarecloseouts.com/
http://www.emsps.com/oldtools/bordb.htm
But - honestly speaking - I can't see why you might be looking for dB III+
<??????>
If you really want to have something working under DOS, try to get hold of
dBASE 5.0 .
It was the final DOS version of dBASE and it was really "rock-solid".
> I know that Visual dBase 5.5 was released (here in the UK) on a
> computer magazine coverdisk, "free" for personal use. I don't suppose
> the company has made dBase III Plus "freely" available in any similar
> way? (Hope, hope.)
-----
The VdB 5.5 CD which came with a computer magazine in the UK was an action
of the local branch of Borland (who owned dBASE from dB IV 1.5 to VdB
7.01).
It was a one-time action of some meanwhile passed-away Borland-UK sales
person.
Nothing similar as far as any other version of dBASE is concerned (apart
from the true nonsense some Borland people made in Germany [here at
present some "cheap CD" seller offers dBASE DOS 5.0 German for 12.99 DM -
app. 7.00 Euro <g,sigh>]).
As for your question about the usability of dBASE II now, I would
say "no." It is not a viable solution anymore. Without going into all
the reasons for saying this, I’ll just say that I see a lot of dBASE
applications and I haven’t seen any dBASE II apps out there in a
production environment since about 1992. I know there are some out
there but as a percentage, it must be very very low.
dBASE III is usable for current computers running Win 9x or NT.
Recommend Win 98 SE and NT 4 sp5 since earlier versions have a problem
running DOS apps on multi-gigabyte partitions. There are some Y2k
issues here but nothing that can’t be worked around pretty easily. The
biggest problem is that the Assistant doesn’t respect CENTURY ON (can
be worked around without much difficulty). As others have pointed out,
avoid dBASE IV before the latest release of IV 1.5. IV 1.0 should be
avoided on any PC; IV 1.1 and all but the latest 1.5 should be avoided
because they have problems running correctly on fast machines.
My first experience with dBASE was with dBASE II in 1983 (on a CompuPro
816B CP/M w/two 8-inch 1.2 meg floppies). The increase in productivity
for me --and the small company I was working for at the time—was
phenomenal. But now, we have to ask, “Compared with what?” At that
time, the comparison was with forms on NCR paper, typewriters, pencils
and paper, 3-by-5 cards, 4-by-6 cards, and calculators. Back then,
dBASE had virtually no competition in the desktop database market.
Today, there are many many hardware/software alternatives and almost
all of them will be very cheap and very superior compared to dBASE II.
The fantastic success of dBASE II--soon followed by dBASE III--brought
out the visionaries in droves aiming at a piece of the action. And
they eventually got it all, piece-by-piece. To a certain extent, dBASE
benefitted from all the competition. A lot of the added features in
dBASE III and dBASE IV were ideas incorporated from the innovators
offering add-on products, competing products, and so on. But Ashton
Tate just couldn’t keep up with it all. Notable competition included
Clipper, Fox (Foxbase+ and FoxPro), and a bunch of others.
Ashton Tate answered with dBASE IV 1.0 in 1988. It was a great product
conceptually and might have put dBASE back in the technological lead.
Unfortunately, it was terribly buggy—many catastrophic bugs resulting
in data loss, incorrect answers, crashes, and so on. It was also a
memory hog and often couldn’t run at all without re-configuring the PC.
If they could have fixed the bugs quickly, it wouldn’t have been so
bad. However, they couldn’t do it. The damage was done by the time
they released their fixed version of dBASE IV (v 1.1) almost two years
later. Developers and users had largely abandoned dBASE in favor of
FoxPro and some of the others.
Borland bought dBASE (probably paid waaaay too much). At that time
(around 1991), dBASE still had a large market share although it had
been declining rapidly (one of the marketing guys once told me that
revenue from dBASE had been dropping by about half every year in the
90s).
dBASE had been an end-user desktop database but also it was a
developer’s tool for desktop databases. Most of the revenue was not
coming from the developer's… it was coming from organizations that
bought multiple copies for their end users (it was standard issue for
many). Borland decided to abandon the end-user market (well, okay,
they gave them Paradox) and focus on making dBASE a developer’s tool.
When they were done with it, the dBASE market share was virtually zero
for end-user databases. The latest versions of dBASE (Visual dBASE
7.x) are strictly for developers.
The end-user desktop database market is dominated by Microsoft Access.
The organization (a large government agency) where I currently work is
fairly typical: All PCs (as in 100.00 percent) have Access installed
(comes with OfficePro). No PCs (as in 0.00 percent) come with dBASE
installed. Only in rare cases (1 – 2 percent) do we add dBASE to a
user’s PC (usually runtime only).
As for the major technical differences, here’s my summary. These are
only the things that stand out in my mind. There are many differences
that I don’t mention here that probably someone else would consider
significant.
dBASE III added,
- vastly superior sorting and indexing routines
- Date data types and a whole bunch of functions and commands specific
to date-math and date handling
- SET RELATION command can link two open files based on a common key
expression
- The Assistant menu, where commands are written for to manipulate your
data--you only need to select items from a menu. You can even capture
the command list (list history) and put it in a prg file to duplicate
the process later
- SET PROCEDURE TO opens a procedure file and loads up to 32 procedures
into memory--this is much faster and cleaner than calling each
procedure from disk with DO myprogram. Procedure names can be much
more descriptive and can be long (although only the first 9 chars count)
- Parameter passing (DO myprogram WITH myparameter)
- Number of memory variables increased from 64 (1526 bytes) to 256
(6000 bytes)
- SEEK command
- Fields per record increased from 32 (1000 chars total) to 128 (4000
chars total)
- Max number of records increased from 65,535 to 1 billion
- Number of open data files increased from 2 to 10
- Numeric precision of fields increased from 10 to 16 places
- Some screen painting for data input forms and reports
dBASE IV 1.0 added,
- Control center
- Application generator
- Windows and menus
- Many commands and functions to improve multi-user capabilities,
including Transaction with ROLLBACK. Also,
Automatic record and file locks
Automatic refresh of changed data
- User defined functions
- Arrays
- Multiple index tags (.MDX files) which practically automated
maintenance of indexes--a vast improvement
- Debugger
- 255 fields per record (up from 128)
- Procedures per program increased to 963 (from 32)
- Printer drivers and a command (???) to bypass the printer driver and
send code directly to the printer
- System maintained memvars like _plineno which counts the line number
you’re on in streaming output (most of these have to do with page
layout and printing)
- Better memo fields and a bunch of commands and functions to
manipulate data in memo files
- A lot of math and statistical functions
- SQL support
- Keyboard macros (you can record keystrokes and assign them to a hot
key)
dBASE IV 1.1 added,
Some enhancements but mainly fixed dBASE IV to work like it was
supposed to in 1.0. The main enhancement for me was conditional
indexes. This meant that reports and screens that previously were VERY
SLOW with filters on, could be easily made instantaneous by maintaining
conditional indexes.
dBASE IV 1.5 (the first Borland version) added,
- Mouse support
- Low level file functions
- 40 data files open (up from 10)--huge improvement
dBASE IV 2.0 added,
- Vastly improved performance (16 bit) with the capability of using
extended RAM
- Language drivers. Previously, translated versions of dBASE only
supported code page 437. Now, code page 850 (and others) could be
selected at install time.
dBASE 5.0 for DOS (the last DOS version) added,
- much faster performance (32 bit)
- compiler included (formerly available for dBASE IV 2.0 as a separate
product)
Borland also added CUA windows-like forms and objects (a la
TurboVision) but it didn’t go over very well. Most people that bought
5.0 bought it for the 2 features mentioned above and stuck with the
dBASE IV interface.
Other improvements included 255 workareas and quite a few new
capabilities with arrays
--Alan Dechert
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/
Before you buy.
x58 Aug 94 Lots of small fixes. If you have x46 it is recommended you
get this.<<
Hi Romain--
I've got x46. Is it still possible to "upgrade" (step-up, or whatever)
to x58?
Thanks for any information.
--Ron
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