UMA, NUMA, COMA and NORMA models.

[Eirik Knutsen]

Many recent papers and books within the field of computer architecture
refer to the multiprocessor and multicomputer models UMA, NUMA, COMA
and NORMA(See Kai Hwang's latest book "Advanced Computer
Architecture").

So far I have been unable to find any references to the
papers/articles/books where the terms were first used or introduced.

Which papers/articles/books initially introduced these terms?

Please respond by email. I will summarize to the net.

Regards,
Eirik Knutsen (eiri...@idt.unit.no)

--

Eirik Knutsen, Ph.d student
Department of Computer Systems and Telematics
Norwegian Institute of Technology
Trondheim
NORWAY
email: Eirik....@idt.unit.no or eiri...@idt.unit.no

[vsud...@gmail.com]

Hi!
im sudhakar can u upload uma,numa,coma and norma difference and explations
thank u......

[Rick C. Hodgin]

Here's Numa Numa (if this helps):

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KmtzQCSh6xk

Best regards,
Rick C. Hodgin

[Quadibloc]

Using Google nGrams as a guide, and then searching in Google Books, the earliest reference I could find was UNIX Review in 1987.

John Savard

[Quadibloc]

On Saturday, August 20, 2016 at 11:54:18 AM UTC-6, Quadibloc wrote:
> Using Google nGrams as a guide, and then searching in Google Books, the earliest reference I could find was UNIX Review in 1987.

It's not available online, but it may be that the Flynn moment for these was the
paper "A New Solution to Coherence Problems in Multicache Systems", IEEE
Transactions on Computers 27(12): 1112, December 1978.

John Savard

[Quadibloc]

It is too online if I spell the name right, and no, it does not use those
abbreviations.

John Savard

[Quadibloc]

Possibly "Hierarchical Cache/Bus Architecture for Shared Memory Multiprocessors"
by Andrew Wilson, Proceedings of the 14th Annual Symposium on Computer
Architecture.

John Savard

[Joseph S. Barrera III]

NORMA was my thesis topic at CMU :-)

NORMA is no remote memory access.
NUMA is non-uniform memory access.

Rick Rashid, the Mach TL, claims that he coined "NORMA" in honor of his sister Norma. Like many things, I never knew if he was joking about that :-)

This was the standard spiel at the time:

http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~walpole/class/cs533/papers/silber-mach.pdf

The Mach operating system was designed to provide basic mechanisms that
most current operating systems lack. The goal is to design an operating system
that is BSD compatible and, in addition, excels in the following areas:

• Support for diverse architectures, including multiprocessors with varying
degrees of shared memory access: Uniform Memory Access (UMA),
Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA), and No Remote Memory Access
(NORMA)