On the Codename One side, that would have to be embedded as a peer component, and it would be a fair bit of work. I simpler approach for client-side rendering, might be to port this library (
http://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Kothic_JS) into Codename One. That library looks quite small, and CN1 should support most of the necessary 2D drawing primitives to do the rendering in a cross-platform way.
It all depends on what you're trying to achieve. The native maps libs are quite good, so, in my mind, you'd have to have a good reason for trying avoid them. Any other approach is likely to give "poorer" results than the native maps.