【转贴】从短片中看出 lost舱室及全剧 的终极秘密
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（达摩计划）的介绍短片，其中提到的计划的创始人是密歇根大学的博士生Gerald和Karen
Degroot，而且这个计划的实施也仰赖于该领域的前辈，比如B.F.
Skinner等。。
提到B. F.
Skinner，对心理学比较有研究的人或者会有印象，在历史上是确有其人的。既然达摩计划的创始人是在'该领域'中Skinner的晚辈，我们不妨仔细看看Skinner的研究领域和他的理论究竟是什么。
根据Dr. C. George Boeree对B.F.
Skinner（1904-1990）的研究报告，他被评价为'继弗洛伊德之后最伟大的心理学家'。
他的理论可以概述如下：
Theory
B. F. Skinner's entire system is based on operant conditioning. The
organism is in the process of "operating" on the environment, which
in ordinary terms means it is bouncing around it world, doing what it
does. During this "operating," the organism encounters a special
kind of stimulus, called a reinforcing stimulus, or simply a
reinforcer. This special stimulus has the effect of increasing the
operant -- that is, the behavior occurring just before the reinforcer.
This is operant conditioning: "the behavior is followed by a
consequence, and the nature of the consequence modifies the organisms
tendency to repeat the behavior in the future."
Imagine a rat in a cage. This is a special cage (called, in fact, a
"Skinner box") that has a bar or pedal on one wall that, when
pressed, causes a little mechanism to release a foot pellet into the
cage. The rat is bouncing around the cage, doing whatever it is rats
do, when he accidentally presses the bar and -- hey, presto! -- a food
pellet falls into the cage! The operant is the behavior just prior to
the reinforcer, which is the food pellet, of course. In no time at all,
the rat is furiously peddling away at the bar, hoarding his pile of
pellets in the corner of the cage.
A behavior followed by a reinforcing stimulus results in an increased
probability of that behavior occurring in the future.
What if you don't give the rat any more pellets? Apparently, he's
no fool, and after a few futile attempts, he stops his bar-pressing
behavior. This is called extinction of the operant behavior.
A behavior no longer followed by the reinforcing stimulus results in a
decreased probability of that behavior occurring in the future.
Now, if you were to turn the pellet machine back on, so that pressing
the bar again provides the rat with pellets, the behavior of
bar-pushing will "pop" right back into existence, much more quickly
than it took for the rat to learn the behavior the first time. This is
because the return of the reinforcer takes place in the context of a
reinforcement history that goes all the way back to the very first time
the rat was reinforced for pushing on the bar!
比较长，但大家可以只看红字的部分，那是整个理论的关键，通过对老鼠做的实验而得到，翻译过来：
想象把一个老鼠放在一个特制的笼子里面（skinner
box），笼子内的一面墙上有一个小横杠，当按下去的时候就会引动事先设置好的机簧，掉下一个小食物球。老鼠先开始在笼子里无目的地乱窜，当它终于因为碰巧碰到横杠时，立刻，一个小食球掉了下来。过不了多久，老鼠开始对此乐此不疲，很快就把小食球都堆积在笼子的一角囤积起来：
A behavior followed by a reinforcing stimulus results in an increased
probability of that behavior occurring in the future.
一个导致刺激加强的行为将越来越有可能在将来被重复！
那么如果不再给老鼠食球了呢，很明显，老鼠不傻，几次失败的尝试之后，它将停止按小横杠的动作，这被称作'有效果行为的完结'
A behavior no longer followed by the reinforcing stimulus results in a
decreased probability of that behavior occurring in the future.
一个不再导致刺激加强的行为将越来越有可能停止下来。
相信看到这里大家都觉出点什么来了吧，这个舱室甚至整个岛就是根据Skinner理论创造出来的'笼子'，而身陷其中的人们就成了'老鼠'，每隔108分钟按一次执行按钮所得到的短暂安全就是他们赖以生存下去的'小食球'。但这一切并不一定是假的，或者岛上真被放上了炸药，不按就都死。按就得到小食球。也或者根本没有，直到有人能够参破这一切。但不管怎样，既然这是按照
Skinner的理论创造的，是一个心理实验无疑！