ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ( Relative Pronoun)

[nguyen quang sang]

ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ( Relative Pronoun)

A/ Tổng quát:

1.    Đại từ quan hệ (ĐTQH) chủ ngữ: Who, which, that

2.    ĐTQH tân ngữ: Who(m), which, that

3.    ĐTQH sở hữu

a.  Đại từ chỉ người : Whose

b. Đại từ chỉ vật:

·               Whose

·               Of which + the + N

·               The + N + of which

4.    Phó từ quan hệ :

·               When = in/ on which

·               Where = in/ at/ on which

 

B/ Ví dụ:

1/ ĐTQH chủ ngữ :

Ex: That’s the man who came to see me yesterday.

       Isn’t she the girl that killed herself?

       There’s the table which is in a way.

-         ĐTQH chủ ngữ ko thể bỏ đi được.

  2/ ĐTQH tân ngữ :

1. ĐTQH tân ngữ trực tiếp (trong câu ko có giới từ)

Ex: That’s the man I saw him yesterday.

ð     That’s the man whom I saw yesterday.

ð     That’s the man who I saw yesterday.

ð     That’s the man that I saw yesterday.

-         ĐTQH đứng ngay sau từ mà nó thay thế.

-         Who/ whom đều dùng là tân ngữ. Nhưng chữ whom thường dùng trong văn phong trịnh trọng, chữ who dùng trong văn phong thân mật.

-         ĐTQH tân ngữ trực tiếp có thể bỏ đi được.

2. ĐTQH tân ngữ giới từ (trong câu có giới từ)

   Ex: He’s the man, we were talking about him yesterday.

ð     He’s the man whom we were talking about him yesterda

ð     He’s the man who we were talking about him yesterday

ð     He’s the man that we were talking about him yesterday

ð     He’s the man (có thể bỏ đi) we were talking about him yesterday

ð     He’s the man about whom we were talking him yesterday (giới từ có thể chuyển lên đứng trước ĐTQH)

-         Nếu giới từ chuyển lên đứng trước ĐTQH, lúc đó chỉ dùng chữ which hoặc whom và không thể bỏ đi được.

   3/ ĐTQH sở hữu:

a. ĐT chỉ người :

Ex: David is a doctor. This wife is a teacher.

ð     David is a doctor whose wife is a teacher.

  Danh từ chỉ người chỉ ghép được 1 kiểu với whose

b. ĐT chỉ vât:

Ex: Hoan Kiem Lake is a historical place. Its water is always blue.

ð     Hoan Kiem Lake is a historical place whose water is always blue.

ð     Hoan Kiem Lake is a historical place of which the water is always blue.

ð     Hoan Kiem Lake is a historical place the water of which is always blue.

4.Phó từ quan hệ :

Ex: 1985 is the year. I was born then

ð     1985 is the year when I was born

ð     1985 is the year in which I was born

 Cần xác định được dùng giới từ in hay on. Câu trên dùng in là vì năm 1985

Ex: Ha Noi is the place. I was born there.

ð     Ha Noi is the place where I was born

ð     Ha Noi is the place in which I was born

Ex: Dac So is the place. I was born there

ð     Dac So is the place at which I was born.

ð     Dac So is the place where I was born.

Thanks and Best Regards!
Nguyen Quang Sang.
Logistics of Vinalines Container Shipping Company(VCSC),
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