Colors are defined in etc/colors.conf (this file is included via <<include>> in your configuration).
This file itself imports etc/colors.ucsc.conf, where chr1-chr24 colors are defined (see below).
The reason you're seeing black for chr25+ is because color names "chr25", "chr26" and so on have not been defined. You'll need to add these definitions using whatever RGB colors suit you. For example,
chr25 = 19,154,237
If you're looking for options for maximally distinct colors, see
# Default UCSC color scheme for chromosome colors.
chr1 = 153,102,0
chr2 = 102,102,0
chr3 = 153,153,30
chr4 = 204,0,0
chr5 = 255,0,0
chr6 = 255,0,204
chr7 = 255,204,204
chr8 = 255,153,0
chr9 = 255,204,0
chr10 = 255,255,0
chr11 = 204,255,0
chr12 = 0,255,0
chr13 = 53,128,0
chr14 = 0,0,204
chr15 = 102,153,255
chr16 = 153,204,255
chr17 = 0,255,255
chr18 = 204,255,255
chr19 = 153,0,204
chr20 = 204,51,255
chr21 = 204,153,255
chr22 = 102,102,102
chr23 = 153,153,153
chrX = 153,153,153
chr24 = 204,204,204
chrY = 204,204,204
chrM = 204,204,153
chr0 = 204,204,153
chrUn = 121,204,61
chrNA = 255,255,255