Afterdownloading either the Windows .iso or the Mac .iso with the update from Samsung ( _SSD_Firmware), you can run the magician binary on your linux machine by setting up mount points and extracting as described here:
(I did take the small precaution of quitting all open desktop applications, but I stayed in the MATE graphic environment. I also diverged from the instructions by not creating my directories in /tmp, which shouldn't--and didn't--matter, and I used different names for some of the directories.)
I should mention that although these instructions come from a Gentoo Linux resource, they seem to be quite distro-independent. For the record I used Ubuntu MATE 22.04 running on a Mac Pro (early 2009) with the EVO 850 physicaly on an adapter in the first drive bay.
There seems to be a consensus out there that the only reliable way to update firmware on an EVO-series SSD is to reformat it to NTFS and run the Magician software on Windows. That is apparantly not so, at least not in the case of the now-venerable EV0 850.
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