Re: Diferencia Entre La Deep Web Y Dark Web
Thomas
Soy sauce has a long and decorated history, dating back over 3,000 years to the Western Han dynasty. Chinese monks created the sauce from soybeans as an alternative to meaty cooking sauces. Since its initial creation, soy sauce is now widely used around the world in all different cooking styles and recipes. This adds savoury notes and rich umami flavours to dishes without needing to use too much.
To put it simply, light soy sauce is used for seasoning and dark soy sauce is used for adding colour to dishes. Light soy sauce is golden brown in colour and rich in taste to add flavour during marinating and seasoning stage. It uplifts the flavour of any meat, noodles or rice dishes. On the other hand, dark soy sauce is used to add deep colours to meat stews and casseroles and often paired with light soy sauce to achieve the perfect taste and colour.
Light soy sauce has a thinner body and golden brown colour. Using natural fermentation methods, light soy sauce has strong aromatic umami and savoury flavour. Making it ideal as a marinade, dressing, sauce mix and table condiment. It is a great addition to stir-fry recipes, noodles dishes and even our own burger recipe!
Our dark soy sauce has a slightly thicker consistency and has a deep rich dark brown colour enrich from the added caramel and the methods of production. Dark soy sauce is mainly used for adding colour to dishes and usually paired with light soy sauce to achieve ideal colour and taste. Try cooking with dark soy sauce, it makes a great addition to pork recipes, stews and barbecue favourites.
A friend of mine (who shall remain anonymous to protect her anonymous-ness) has asked me a question and I've decided to provide the answer publicly in case others are interested--and because my long-winded answer is hard to fit in a text message.
I've noticed a few TV shows lately talking about the dark web. CSI Cyber, for example. They make it sound very sinister, elicit and dangerous. "Oh God, you don't want to accidentally stumble into the dark web or the hackers will get you."
Even though I've been involved with computers and the web for decades I still didn't understand what they meant when talking about the dark web. Surely someone with my experience would know all about this dark web thingy they speak of. Why didn't I?
Let's begin with some background. First, the Internet is different than the Web. The Internet was created in the 60s by DARPA. Al Gore did not invent it, but he did apparently promote it and support it. Back in college I sent email and went on message boards all before the World Wide Web existed. Although some of you will attest that I was bad about replying to email.
The web consists of HTML and the HTTP protocol used by browsers to talk to servers and it works on top of the Internet. Kind of like a phone line. Your voice is transmitted over a phone line, but you can also transmit data or other information over a phone. Remember the days of dial up modems? Conversations happen on top of a phone line. The Web happens on top of the Internet.
Because I was in grad school for particle physics at Duke in 1992, I was among the first in the U.S. to see the web at work because it was originally designed for particle physicists. Soon after that I found myself at CERN doing my thesis research where I created websites, both personal (blogging before it was called blogging) and work-related, building websites for my research and for calibrating the particle detectors. My work even got written up in CERN's international magazine which is seen all over the world. I ended up on a Canadian documentary for my website work. And was offered a job to work in England. That felt good for a lowly graduate student. Gave me a grain of confidence that I might be able to support myself one day.
While I was at CERN some of us would often eat in Restaurant One down near the main entrance to the research lab. Over in the corner of the cafeteria, near the exit door, in a dusty glass case, was a dirty old computer with a faded label taped on the side. The case was cracked and cattywampus. People walked by it every day without noticing.
I joked once about how important this dirty computer might be one day and how I would always remember it sitting here in the corner like a homeless child under a bridge. That case contained the world's first web server. Today that computer is a focal point in the CERN museum.
In the early days it wasn't easy to find other computers on the internet. You had to know the IP address to connect to the computer. The domain name system (DNS), which predates the web, eventually allowed us to use more memorable names like (www.yahoo.com) instead of IP addresses like (192.168.22.73). DNS servers translate the domain name into an IP address to find the target computer, just like dialing a phone number connects you to a certain phone on the other end. Of course, the computer you connect to has to be running software that listens for connections just like the phone you are trying to reach has to be plugged in or have a cell signal.
As more people started creating websites, the need arose for a way to locate these websites. Yahoo.com was started by a couple of Stanford students as they began cataloging websites and their domain names. Yahoo became like a phone book for the web.
I can setup a website at home and I can access it from my friend's house by using an IP address. But there are no links to it anywhere else on the surface web. Therefore, a search engine will never find it. I've done this many times. Now, it's still "technically" possible for a search engine to find it by randomly searching IP addresses and seeing if something responds, but they don't generally do that as far as I know.
There are other ways something could be part of the deep web as well. For example, it might be possible that the only way to find stuff on a website is by typing in a search box on the website. Googlebot won't even try because it doesn't know what to type, although it certainly could try. It wouldn't surprise me if some day google bot would start to type stuff in search boxes to see if it can find some content that it hadn't found in other ways.
So, you see, the line between the surface web and deep web can be a little blurry. There's a lot of content that is not indexed in search engines because it takes a human with some knowledge to get to it, but technically it could be indexed in a search engine. Nonetheless, if it's not in a search engine it is, by definition, part of the deep web.
There's also another way to reach the deep web. Logon to your bank's website. Or any other website that requires you to login. Because credentials are required, a search engine can't access that content. Congratulations, you're on the deep web.
SIDENOTE: I have to point out again that the Internet and the World Wide Web are not the same thing. The Internet is comprised of the network protocols, machines, switches, routers, fiber optic cables and junction boxes over which data is transferred. The Web is comprised of the HTTP protocol and the web page code that allows people to share content and files over the Internet. There are many other ways besides the World Wide Web to transfer data over the Internet. The Web is just the one that most of us are familiar with today.
CAVEAT: Technically, Google could index the dark web the same way you could access the dark web by installing some software on your computer. What they couldn't do is give you a direct link to a certain dark web website. I know this blurs the lines which is why I find the media's coverage of surface, deep and dark so frustrating. So, to be more specific, the surface web is content a search engine could access via direct links in a standard browser.
When 60 Minutes suggested that the dark web comprised 90% of the Internet were they correct? Well, actually, they probably meant World Wide Web, not Internet. Second, they probably meant deep web not dark web. Third, 90% is a total wild-ass guess they pulled out of their collective you-know-whats.
Obviously, the 90% number is supposed to refer to the deep web not the dark web. Remember the deep web is just what's not in search engines. The dark web itself, as a smaller subset of the deep web, is certainly much smaller than the surface web.
The variation in size estimates partly comes down to how you define the deep web. For example, is the content on your own computer part of the deep web? Google can't access your computer, but you're still connected to the Internet. Is everything on your hard drive part of the deep web? Is all the data collected by the NSA and stored in the data silos in Utah part of the deep web? I don't know. It depends on who you ask. If you were confused you have good reason to be. The terms are not well defined and often used in confusing ways by the media.
How exactly is the dark web different from the deep web? I implied that the data on your computer, the data on your bank website and other sites could be part of the deep web because search engines don't or can't index it. But what makes something dark rather than deep?
Well, the dark web is all about anonymity. When you use the surface web--say you use a browser to visit amazon.com--your browser and Amazon are exchanging IP addresses directly and if law enforcement wanted to, they could quickly pinpoint the location of Amazon and, with a little help from your broadband provider, you.
Consider an analogy. Say you want to buy something online. Most of us go to amazon.com and checkout using a valid credit card and shipping address. It's a lot like going to Wal-mart and writing a check. You know where the Wal-mart store is. And Wal-mart knows where you live, too, because your address is on the check.
However, the dark web is like two people calling each other from burner cells and agreeing to meet at a neutral location. You meet up on a random street corner wearing a wig and mustache. You exchange cash for a product and go your separate ways. You destroy your burner cells with hammers and ditch them in random trash cans. Neither of you knows where the other lives or what the other looks like. Because you were also disguised when you bought the burner and paid with cash, no one can trace you to that burner either. There is no way for anyone to track you down.
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