Is it possible that you have some third party software installed on both machines that modifies the way your terminal behaves?
The hello_world example is a barebone example and a top level window creation is handled by upstream CEF code. It's a scenario not tested in upstream, but worked in CEF Python without problems so far. Other examples in which top level window is created using a framework like PyQt5 or wxPython seem to not have this issue.
Can you test how it behaves after packaging with pyinstaller? There is an example in the examples/pyinstaller/ directory. Modify this line so that it packages "hello_world.py" instead of "wxpython.py":
Please test running packaged app from terminal using "open" command and also normally without using terminal at all to see if there are still any issues with keyboard.