Latest Expedited Articles - Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal - May 10, 2019

[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)]

EXPEDITED AHEAD-OF-PRINT ARTICLES — May 10, 2019 Research Cross-Protection of Dengue Virus Infection against Congenital Zika Syndrome, Northeastern Brazil Celia Pedroso, Carlo Fischer, Marie Feldmann, Manoel Sarno, Estela Luz, Andrés Moreira-Soto, Renata Cabral, et al. Abstract The Zika virus outbreak in Latin America resulted in congenital malformations, called congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). For unknown reasons, CZS incidence was highest in northeastern Brazil; one potential explanation is that dengue virus (DENV)–mediated immune enhancement may promote CZS development. In contrast, our analyses of historical DENV genomic data refuted the hypothesis that unique genome signatures for northeastern Brazil explain the uneven dispersion of CZS cases. To confirm our findings, we performed serotype-specific DENV neutralization tests in a case–control framework in northeastern Brazil among 29 Zika virus–seropositive mothers of neonates with CZS and 108 Zika virus–seropositive control mothers. Neutralization titers did not differ significantly between groups. In contrast, DENV seroprevalence and median number of neutralized serotypes were significantly lower among the mothers of neonates with CZS. Supported by model analyses, our results suggest that exposure to multitypic DENV infection may protect from, rather than enhance, development of CZS. Volume 25, Number 8 - August 2019

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