Electric Drive Pdf
Emelia Lute
The Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) brings the full value chain of electric drive technologies and infrastructure together to advocate, educate and accelerate the electrification of transportation.
EDTA is the trade association promoting battery, hybrid, plug-in hybrid and fuel cell electric drive technologies and infrastructure. To advance our mission, we conduct public policy advocacy, education, industry networking, and conferences that engage industry, academia, policymakers and the public. Collectively, our members are developing and deploying the technologies that advance the electrification of transportation.
The suite of electric drive vehicles includes hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles. Here is a brief description of the vehicles in the electric drive family:
EVs are the cleaner choice, no matter where you charge your plug-in vehicle in the United States. 93 percent of the country lives where the average EV is better than the most efficient gasoline vehicle (57 mpg) (Union of Concerned Scientists). Over their lifetimes, EVs on U.S. roads today are projected to emit 60 to 68 percent less climate pollution than comparable ICE vehicles (Argonne National Laboratory).
The EV market is growing, with over 5 million EVs sold in the United States since 2010. Over 1.4 million plug-in EVs were sold last year, representing a 51% jump over 2023. Over 130 EV models are available today, and over 100 more are set to arrive by 2027. These models offer a variety of prices, capacities, and ranges, ensuring an EV to meet diverse driving needs.
Unprecedented investments are expanding U.S. manufacturing, charging infrastructure, grid capacity and jobs. Private investment in the U.S. electric drive value chain, from companies around the world, has grown to $265 billion since 2021. These investments will add economic benefits and jobs at over 450 new and existing sites (Atlas EV Hub).
We advance smart government policies to drive electric vehicle (EV) supply and demand, directly impacting regional change and scaling strategies for rapid adoption. We engage business leaders to ensure adequate investment and drive ambitious commitments in EV procurement. And by supporting diverse people-powered coalitions, we mobilize communities to demand better health, jobs, and environmental justice.
National Drive Electric Week, Sep 27-Oct 6, 2024, is a nationwide celebrationto raise awareness of the many benefits of all-electric and plug-in hybrid cars, trucks,motorcycles, and more. Are you considering going electric? RSVP for an in-person or online event tolearn from owners who have done so!
An electric drive (often referred to as an electric controller) is a device used to control the output of a motor used, for example, to produce linear motion in an electric actuator. In our article on electric motors we referred to the feedback mechanism from a servo motor, shown schematically below.
Electric drives require a three-phase AC supply. The incoming fixed frequency AC supply is rectified to provide a DC signal; this is then smoothed and circuitry provides a decoupling of the input and output stages as shown below.
Drives can also be classified into single-, group- and multi-motor drives. Single are the most basic and are often used in domestic appliances; group lend themselves to use in more complex systems and multi are used in heavy, or multiple motor applications.
It is good practice to have input fuses for protection; if EMI is a potential problem, then filters can be built into the circuitry. A cooling fan, with suitable ventilation, will be required if high operating temperatures are encountered.
The Joint Office of Energy and Transportation was created through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL) to facilitate collaboration between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Transportation. The Joint Office will align resources and expertise across the two departments toward leveraged outcomes. The office will be a critical component in the implementation of the BIL, providing support and expertise to a multitude of programs that seek to deploy a network of electric vehicle chargers, zero-emission fueling infrastructure, and zero-emission transit and school buses. The scope of the Joint Office will continue to evolve as directed by both departments.
The models of the future I.D. family are currently being developed on the basis of the new Modular electric drive matrix (MEB). These are Volkswagens in a variety of classes which have been designed as full electric vehicles and reach ranges of up to 500 km and more. The architecture of the MEB will fundamentally change electric cars and cars in general. The Modular Electric Toolkit jettisons all the ballast of the fossil age as it has been designed consistently for electric cars. This leads to fundamental changes in body design, interior design, the package and the powertrain characteristics of electric Volkswagens.
The specified fuel consumption and emission data does not refer to a single vehicle and is not part of the offer but is only intended for comparison between different types of vehicles. Additional equipment and accessories (additional components, tyre formats, etc.) can alter relevant vehicle parameters such as weight, rolling resistance and aerodynamics, affecting the vehicle's fuel consumption, power consumption, CO2 emissions and driving performance values in addition to weather and traffic conditions and individual driving behavior.
Further information on official fuel consumption data and official specific CO2 emissions for new passenger cars can be found in the "Guide to fuel economy, CO2 emissions and power consumption for new passenger car models", which is available free of charge from all sales dealerships and from DAT Deutsche Automobil Treuhand GmbH, Hellmuth-Hirth-Str. 1, D-73760 Ostfildern, Germany and at www.dat.de/co2.
HIROSHIMA, Japan -- Mazda Motor Corporation is planning to complete the electrification of all vehicle models by 2030 and is currently working together with various partner companies on a range of electrification related research projects that are also designed to stimulate the local economy and contribute to the development of local industry and innovation. One of these projects is the joint development and production of electric drive units. Mazda has agreed to work together with a number of companies in possession of related expertise, signing a collaborative agreement with Imasen Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Ondo Corporation, Chuo Kaseihin Co., Inc., Hiroshima Aluminum Industry Co., Ltd., HIROTEC Corporation, Fukuta Electric & Machinery Co., Ltd. and ROHM Co., Ltd.
BIL will invest more than $7 billion in the batteries supply chain over the five-year period encompassing fiscal years (FYs) 2022 through 2026. This includes sustainable sourcing of critical minerals from secondary and unconventional sources, reducing the need for new extraction and mining; sustainable processing of critical minerals; and the end-of-life battery collection and recycling.
This FOA provides approximately $37 million to reduce the costs associated with transportation, dismantling, and preprocessing of end-of-life electric drive vehicle batteries for recycling, as well as recycling of plastic and polymer electric drive vehicle battery accessory components through research, development, and demonstration. Currently, EV battery recycling is subject to inflated costs due to difficulties associated with handling and safety concerns, and improvements to these areas will have cascading benefits for the recycling ecosystem. This FOA supports innovative technologies and processes that reduce the cost of battery recycling to achieve scale-up and profitability. Future FOAs will subsequently aim to address gaps in EV battery recycling and second-life applications that become apparent through execution of the first and current FOAs.
Critical materials are a strategic resource necessary for the electric drive vehicles and stationary storage needed for a clean energy economy. Battery recycling is a vital pathway towards bolstering the domestic supply chain of battery critical materials while reducing the environmental impacts of extracting new critical materials through mining and will allow the U.S. to better meet the increasing demand for EVs. This FOA seeks applications to address the recycling of EV batteries to support the establishment of a robust domestic critical materials supply chain. The activities funded under this FOA include projects that reduce the costs associated with the transport, disassembly, and preprocessing of EOL EV batteries for battery recycling and that demonstrate the recycling of plastic EV battery accessory components. These Topic Areas will support the development of a domestic critical materials supply chain by ensuring that EV battery recycling is a financially viable endeavor.
The Electric Drive Vehicle Battery Recycling and 2nd Life Apps Program is designed to expand an existing program at Department of Energy for research, development, and demonstration of electric vehicle battery recycling and second-life applications for vehicle batteries.
The number of electrified vehicles on our roads continues to grow year by year. OEMs' new models need efficient electric drive solutions to meet growing CO2 requirements while offering consumers a comfortable driving experience along with optimal performance and a high level of usability. Meanwhile, industry developments show a growing need for experts who specialize in electric drive units (EDUs) and bring the required depth of expertise and experience to the table. Additionally, highly adaptable and rapidly deployable system solutions are essential to shorten the overall development times, enabling accelerated realization of new electric vehicle concepts.
EDUs deliver dynamic driving behavior, driving fun and comfort as well as cost savings and efficiency in the overall system. The main purpose is the effective conversion of electrical energy into motion. The type of energy source used can vary on a case-by-case basis - from conventional electricity from charging stations or power outlets, stored in batteries, to fuel cells - anything is possible.