According to documentation, get_mutations_by_study should return a data frame in MAF file format, so the returned format should be standard. If I understand your question, it may be that not all information (columns) are available across all studies you are querying. If this is true, using cBioPortalData package will not help. Have you checked what data is available in the
cbioportal.org website or flat files (MAFs) first?
Also, it may be useful to reach out to maintainer of the cbioportalR and provide example to confirm:
Let us know if you have any further questions.