Mann 1999 Full Movie Download
Rita Seliba
Rapana venosa is native to the Northeast Pacific, from the southern Pacific coast of Russia, to the Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea, and East China Sea (Golikov et al. 1976; Mann and Harding 2000). In 1947, it was first collected from the Black Sea, in Novorossiysk Bay, where it was probably transported by ships. Within a decade, it dispersed widely in the Black Sea and entered the Sea of Azov (Chukhchin 1984; Zolotarev 1996; Mann and Harding 2000). Between 1977 and 1984, it colonized the westernmost Black Sea and the Sea of Marmara (Turkey) (Kinzelbach 1986). Subsequently, R. venosa has colonized widely separated areas, probably by ship transport. In 1998, it appeared in Chesapeake Bay, Virginia where it has become established (Harding and Mann 1999; Mann and Harding 2000). Juvenile R. venosa were found attached to Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in Wassaw Sound, Georgia so populations may exist outside Chesapeake Bay (Harding et al. 2011). Veined Rapa Whelks have been found on the European Atlantic coast, in small numbers, from the North Sea (UK-Netherlands, Kerckhof et al. 2006; Jensen 2010) to Ra de Arousa, Spain (Banon et al. 2008). In 1998. R. venosa was collected in the Rio de la Plata, Uruguay-Argentina where it is now abundant (Pastorino et al. 2000; Giberto et al. 2006). At least three individuals of this whelk have been found on the West Coast, two on imported oysters, and one on a ship's sea-chest cover (Carlton 1979; Sylvester et al. 2011). Genetic comparisons of Asian, Black Sea, Mediterranean, Atlantic European, and Chesapeake specimens indicate that all of the Atlantic populations are derived from the introduced population in the Black Sea (Chandler et al. 2008).
In June 1998, two specimens of Rapana venosa were collected in the lower James River, Portsmouth, Virginia (VA). Subsequently, R. venosa was found to have a well-established population in lower western Chesapeake Bay, occurring from the Bay Bridge -Tunnel to the mouth of the Rappahannock River and the opposite Eastern Shore. More than 1000 individuals have been collected, as well as numerous egg-cases (Harding and Mann 1999; Mann and Harding 2000). The expected range of R. venosa within the Bay extends at least to the northern mouth of the Rappahannock River (1 specimen in 1998) (Mann and Harding 2000), and perhaps further up the Bay, since adults tolerate salinities of 9-12 PSU in the Sea of Azov (Chukhchin 1984). Since 2003, three range extensions of R. venosa have been reported within the Bay: (1) seaward along the southern edge of the bay to Cape Henry; (2) upstream in the James River about 10 km, from the VA 258 bridge to Thomas Rock and Brown Shoal (oyster beds); and (3) northward in the bay to Tangier Light (Harding and Mann 2005).
Based on temperature tolerance, Rapana venosa's future Atlantic coast range could extend from Cape Cod, Massachusetts to Cape Hatteras, North Carolina or Charleston, South Carolina. Its long planktonic larval period (14-17 days) and the potential for coastwise ship transport suggest that rapid coastal range expansion is possible (Mann and Harding 2000). Another vector, transport on sea turtles, is indicated by the finding of R. venosa on Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in lower Chesapeake Bay (Norfolk, VA) and Wassaw Sound, Georgia. In Georgia, 12 newly settled juvenile whelks were found on the shells of eight breeding turtles. These snails were too young to have been transported from Chesapeake Bay, either by currents or on a turtle's shell, and indicate the presence of an as-yet undiscovered adult population in nearby waters (Harding et al. 2011; Harding and Mann 2017). As of 2009, 27,622 specimens bave been collected at temperatures of 2.45 -29.15C and salinities of 12-25 PSU (Harding and Mann 2017). A single specimen of R. venosa was collected alive from Fiesta Key, Florida, in 1973, but was not reported until 2015 (USGS Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Program 2017).
Rapana venosa has a heavy, dextrally coiled shell with a large body whorl and short spire, with 6-7 whorls altogether. The columella is broad and somewhat concave. There is a deep umbilicus. The aperture is oval and lined on its outer edge with fine teeth. The exterior of the shell is heavily sculptured with longitudinal ribs, forming blunt knobs at the shoulder of the body whorl, but continuing to the boundary of the previous whorl. There are also finer growth lines, which are crossed by numerous spiral ribs, which terminate as the teeth on the lip of the aperture. Older specimens are often eroded and the color is variable. The external part of the shell is gray to brown, with dark-brown dashes on the spiral ribs. The interior of the shell ranges from off-white to yellow or orange, and has a smooth, pearly texture. Shells of the Veined Rapa Whelk reach 168.5 mm or more in size. Description from: Golikov et al.1976; Mann and Harding 2000.
Egg capsules of R. venosa are about 9-40 mm tall, 3 mm wide, and taper to a wider, leaf-shaped tip, ending in a pore through which the larvae exit. The egg cases are yellow when laid, but change to gray, and then black when the larvae are ready for release (Harding and Mann 1999). Egg cases are laid in masses or mats of many capsules (ranging from 3-599; average for Black Sea = 84) attached to firm substrates, sometimes over other organisms such as hydroids (Harding and Mann 1999; Saglam et al. 2009). The capsules hatch out as planktonic larvae, which are illustrated by Harding (2006) and Saglam et al. (2009).
(Release courtesy of United Soccer Coaches organization)
KANSAS CITY, Mo. - United Soccer Coaches announced on Monday that NASA astronaut and U.S. Marine Corps Lieutenant Colonel Nicole Aunapu Mann (USNA '99) will be honored with the association's 2017 Jerry Yeagley Award for Exceptional Personal Service.
"I was really excited to hear that Nicole is going to be honored with this prestigious award," said United States Naval Academy head coach Carin Gabarra, who nominated Mann for the honor. "She was a standout student-athlete at the Naval Academy and I knew early on in coaching her that her future was bright in whatever area she would choose to pursue. Everything that she has accomplished to date is amazing and a true testament to her character, work ethic and drive."
Mann starred at the United States Naval Academy from 1995-1998, building the program into a perennial power with the first four winning seasons in a streak that would last 21 years. Mann, who started 74 of her 75 appearances while contributing one goal and four assists as a defender, helped guide Navy to its first postseason in 1996 and, as a senior, captained Navy through an undefeated Patriot League campaign for the program's first conference title in 1998.
One of the most decorated women's soccer players in Patriot League history, Mann garnered First Team All-Patriot League recognition and United Soccer Coaches All-Region honors all four years and was named Patriot League Defensive Player of the Year in back-to-back seasons. In addition, she was named to the Patriot League All-Decade Women's Soccer Team in 2000 and the Patriot League Women's Soccer 25th Anniversary Team in 2015.
Mann's many athletic accomplishments were accompanied by an array of academic awards, as well. She twice received CoSIDA Academic All-American and Patriot League Women's Soccer Scholar Athlete of the Year distinction, in addition to recognition from United Soccer Coaches as a Scholar All-American, by the NCAA as Woman of the Year in the state of Maryland and from the Patriot League as their Female Scholar Athlete of the Year. The Naval Academy also bestowed Mann, a Trident Scholar, with the Vice Admiral Lawrence Sword for Women.
Following her graduation with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering in 1999, Mann - a California native - would earn a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University in 2001. She earned her wings of gold as a Naval Aviator in 2003 and has since accumulated more than 2,000 flight hours in 22 types of aircraft, including 47 combat missions in Iraq and Afghanistan. Her service has been awarded with two Air Medals, two Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medals and two Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medals.
In 2013, Mann was one of eight candidates selected to be a member of the 21st NASA astronaut class. She completed her extensive training in 2015 and is now one of only 44 active NASA astronauts qualified for future assignment, which could include missions to advance scientific research aboard the International Space Station as well as landmark journeys to an asteroid and to Mars in fulfillment of goals outlined in the U.S. National Space Policy.
Widely regarded as one of the best action filmmakers for his work on 1992's "The Last of the Mohicans," 1995's "Heat" and 2004's "Collateral," director Michael Mann's best work isn't about cops and robbers, but about investigative journalism.
In 1999, Mann reteamed with "Heat" star Al Pacino for "The Insider," a movie based on real-life TV producer Lowell Bergman (Pacino) and tobacco whistleblower Jeffrey Wigand (played by Russell Crowe). Initially, Bergman asks Wigand to look at scientific documents for a possible story on "60 Minutes." However, Wigand is paranoid of any association with the press, given that he was recently fired from his job as a research chemist at Brown & Williamson.
In one of CBS' most bungled interviews, Wigand catapults to a star witness, the key to Mike Wallace (played by Christopher Plummer) and Bergman's expos on big tobacco. Even as the journalists safeguard their source and storytelling, corporate overlords at CBS and Brown & Williamson threaten the story's integrity.
Like Mann's best action movies, "The Insider" is an urgent and detailed movie that makes suspenseful the smallest events. An early back and forth via fax machine between Wigand and Bergman feels high stakes as Mann constantly cuts between a driven reporter and now-jobless father.
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