For what it's worth, here's a Javascript function that will return the Jenks bins values. It currently displays to the console, but can easily be modified for specific use.
function getJenksBins(column_name, how_many_bins, table_name) {
var sql = new cartodb.SQL({ user: 'cartodb_user' });
sql.execute('select CDB_JenksBins(array_agg(' + column_name + '::numeric), ' + how_many_bins + ') from ' + table_name + ' where ' + column_name + ' is not null')
.done(function (data) {
console.log(data.rows[0].cdb_jenksbins[0]);
console.log(data.rows[0].cdb_jenksbins[1]);
console.log(data.rows[0].cdb_jenksbins[2]);
console.log(data.rows[0].cdb_jenksbins[3]);
console.log(data.rows[0].cdb_jenksbins[4]);
})
.error(function (errors) {
// errors contains a list of errors
console.log("error:" + err);
})
}
window.onload = getJenksBins("the_column", 5, "the_table");