 | | | | Links to recent scientific papers, web posts, upcoming events, job opportunities, podcasts, and event recordings, etc. on Carbon Dioxide Removal TechnologyFunding volumes allocated per CDR technology across EU funding programmes (Source)Everything we publish on Carbon Removal Updates is free to access. If you value this work and are able, please consider supporting us as a paid subscriber. Your support sustains this vital work and helps us reach more people with balanced, timely information on this critical topic.
TABLE OF CONTENTSNote: Click on the headings listed in the table of contents above to easily navigate to the sections you're interested in. THIS WEEK’S TOP CDR HIGHLIGHTSREPORTS: The European Commission’s DG CLIMA has published three reports prepared by Ramboll Management Consulting and Ecologic Institut on scaling permanent carbon removals. The studies outline policy options for an EU purchasing programme (2025–2030), map current and planned CDR projects through 2035, and assess existing EU funding while proposing new financing models to boost early-stage CDR supply and investment. OAE DEAL: Frontier has signed a $31.3M deal with Canada’s Planetary to scale ocean alkalinity enhancement for CDR. Planetary will remove 115,211 tCO₂ from 2026–2030 at $270/t, following its pilot that achieved the world’s first independently verified OAE removals earlier this year. AVIATION CDR DEAL: SWISS Airlines has signed a multi-year deal with Swiss start-up Neustark, becoming the first airline to back its CDR efforts. The partnership will support Neustark’s expansion of 38 CO₂ capture and storage sites across seven European countries. OAE FIELD TRIAL: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution has completed its EPA-approved small-scale ocean alkalinity enhancement trial in the Gulf of Maine under the LOC-NESS Project. The trial, conducted August 13–17, safely dispersed sodium hydroxide and returned pH to normal levels within days. CARBON ACCOUNTING STANDARD: Isometric has launched a new GHG accounting module, creating what it describes as the first universal framework for measuring emissions and removals across all carbon removal pathways. OAE PROTOCOL: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Submarine Scientific, and Carbon to Sea have released the Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement Data Management Protocol, a first-of-its-kind framework outlining standards for preparing, documenting, and sharing data from OAE field research. ORCA RECEIVED TIER-3: Climeworks Orca project received lowest rating (Tier 3) from Calyx Global due to over-crediting resulting from facility embodied emissions. GGR BUSINESS MODEL: The UK government has introduced the Greenhouse Gas Removal Business Model, designed to attract private investment by ensuring revenue stability and balanced risk-sharing through private law contracts. Read on to unpack more updates: COMMERCIAL NEWS Share Carbon Removal Updates RESEARCH PAPERSAuthors: Mingyang Tian, Jens Hartmann, Niels Suitner, Thorben Amann, Stephan Kempe, Carl Lim and Charly A MorasSynopsis: This study tests the stability of added alkalinity for CDR in the Elbe estuary using incubation experiments across seasons and salinity gradients. Results show stability depends on suspended particles, seasonal water chemistry, and salinity. Freshwater zones could transport ~3.0 MtCO₂ yr⁻¹ of added alkalinity to the North Sea, though potential has declined since the 1970s due to rising pCO₂ and pH shifts. Findings highlight geochemical and regulatory limits, stressing that feasible additions may be lower than theoretical maxima.
Authors: Malte Jürchott, Andreas Oschlies, Nadine Mengis, Ivy Frenger and Wolfgang KoeveSynopsis: This study uses Earth system modeling (2025–2100) to assess artificial upwelling (AU) under different CO₂ pathways. Results show that AU’s primary effect is not carbon removal but enhanced ocean heat uptake (OHU), which significantly cools global mean surface air temperature (−0.17 to −0.27 °C). Only 17–27% of this cooling stems from reduced atmospheric CO₂ (−5.9 to −31.2 Pg C). The authors argue AU should be reframed as a heat management strategy with secondary CDR benefits, challenging its carbon-centric framing.
Authors: Emily Cox, Laurie Waller, James Palmer & Rob BellamySynopsis: This UK study on public views of biological carbon removal combined group deliberation (n=60) and a national survey (n=2027). Findings show strong support for CDR to meet climate targets, driven by skepticism of emissions cuts and lifestyle change. Yet caution remains: concerns focus on land use, housing competition, life-cycle emissions, and uncertainty around biochar. Public support shifts responsibility away from individuals, with region-specific differences underscoring local context’s role.
Authors: Mingyu Li, Rui Wang, Xinzhu Zheng, Can Wang and Joeri RogeljSynopsis: CDR is essential for net-zero and net-negative emissions but remains costly and uncertain. Current frameworks lack equity in allocating CDR and residual emissions across nations. This study proposes a justice-based framework that distinguishes CDR as a global common good from CDR used to repay carbon debts. It highlights how responsibilities shift before and after net-zero, offering a path for fair burden-sharing between historically high emitters and emerging economies.
Authors: Yasmine Dominique Priore, Lucile Schulthess, Sarah Delmenico, Lionel Rinquet, Guillaume Habert, Thomas JusselmeSynopsis: This study assesses how expanding the use of biobased materials in Swiss residential buildings can cut GHG emissions and boost carbon storage. A Python-based model shows that by 2050, renovations—driven by demographic shifts—will dominate emissions, contributing nearly four times more than new builds. New constructions, however, achieve higher biogenic storage efficiency. By mid-century, storage could reach 2.5 MtCO₂ annually, balancing embodied emissions. Yet, even optimistic scenarios cut only 5–8 % of cumulative emissions, limited by demolition-driven carbon turnover. Long-term storage potential is 300–400 MtCO₂, exceeding Switzerland’s projected net removals. The study underscores the need for renovation-focused policies, decarbonized material production, and reduced construction to meet climate goals.
Authors: Mona H. Delval, Nils Thonemann, Patrik J.G. Henriksson, Samantha E. Tanzer, Paul BehrensSynopsis: This study reviews life cycle assessments (LCAs) of ocean-based carbon dioxide removal (OCDR) and finds current analyses narrow in scope, focusing mainly on global warming while overlooking broader environmental and aquatic impacts. LCAs also struggle to capture marine-specific effects. The authors recommend adopting consistent functional units, cradle-to-grave approaches, inclusion of marine impacts, and explicit uncertainty estimates. Advancing LCA methods is essential for assessing OCDR sustainability.
Authors: Ahanthem Rebika Devi, Satish Prasad & Tuisem ShimrahSynopsis: This study analyzes land use and land cover (LULC) change in Senapati district, Manipur (1999–2019) and projects future trends to 2029 using TerrSet’s Land Change Modeler under Business as Usual (BAU) and Environmentally Sound Planning (ESP) scenarios. InVEST modeling shows carbon storage losses of 3209.24 Mg C under BAU versus 888.39 Mg C under ESP. The ESP pathway could yield USD 1,151 million in carbon value, underscoring the benefits of community-based conservation and informed policy planning.
Authors: Chatiya Tripoonsuk, Munyapa Limahksohn, Benjapon Chalermsinsuwan, Pornpote PiumsomboonSynopsis: This study evaluates an internally circulating fluidized bed (ICFB) reactor for direct air CO₂ capture using Al₂O₃ and K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃ sorbents. A 2³ factorial design assessed the effects of operating parameters on adsorption. Al₂O₃ showed the highest rate (32.69 mg/min), while K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃ had greater capacity (0.21 mg/g). Kinetics revealed physisorption for Al₂O₃ and multi-step chemisorption for K₂CO₃/Al₂O₃. Results confirm ICFB reactors’ potential as scalable, energy-efficient DAC systems.
Authors: Yijie Wang, Yakun Zhu, Susan C. Cook-Patton, Wenjuan Sun, et al.Synopsis: Forestation can mitigate climate change by storing carbon in biomass and soils, but global potential is limited by uncertainties in soil carbon gains and land availability. Using global maps of soil carbon change, this study estimates that 389 million hectares of forestation could sequester 39.9 PgC by 2050, much lower than earlier projections. Restricting to policy-committed land (120 Mha) reduces this to 12.5 PgC. Greater mitigation needs expanded forestation areas and stronger national commitments.
Authors: Derek Fucich, Heather Lynch, Cody Shaw, Matthew Eisaman, Mallory RinghamSynopsis: This study investigates OAE via electrodialysis-based addition of sodium hydroxide in mesocosms (∼6000 L) and aquaria (∼10 L) at Flax Pond, NY. Unlike earlier sterilized-only setups, it compares sterilized and unsterilized systems to assess biological influences on CO₂ uptake. Results show uptake rates depend on initial carbonate chemistry, alkalinity addition, sterilization, and seasonality. While sterilization slowed equilibration, total CO₂ sequestration was similar. Findings support the use of lab mesocosms to represent field uptake, strengthening OAE’s MRV frameworks.
Authors: Jean-Baptiste FressozSynopsis: This article critiques the technocentric bias in climate mitigation, particularly in IPCC WGIII reports. Rooted in 1970s nuclear optimism and reinforced by industry-linked funding, this bias privileges high-tech fixes like CCS and BECCS while sidelining structural change. The IPCC’s policy-cautious stance amplifies reliance on “cost-effective” but impractical pathways, fostering false optimism. The article argues that net-zero via technology alone is unattainable and calls for shifting focus to sufficiency, redistribution, degrowth, and structural transformation.
Authors: Maria-Elena Vorrath, Thorben Amann, Johannes Meyer zu Drewer, Nikolas Hagemann, Cierra Aldrich, Janine B rker, Maria Seedtke, Joscha N. Becker, Mathilde Hagens, Annette Eschenbach, Jens HartmannSynopsis: This study tests enhanced rock weathering (ERW) and biochar carbon removal (PyCCS), alone and combined, through co-application and co-pyrolysis to form rock-enhanced biochar. In a 27-week Oxisol experiment, co-application boosted carbon sinks (−0.1 to 30.9 t CO₂ ha⁻¹) and improved soil properties. A 20-year forecast projects 0.5–28.7 t CO₂ ha⁻¹ sequestration, with biochar increasing permanence by reducing waterlogging and enhancing carbon retention. Findings show synergy between ERW and biochar for durable soil CDR.
Authors: Kuok Ho Daniel TangSynopsis: This study reviews DAC technologies—liquid solvents, solid sorbents, electrochemical, and emerging hybrid systems—highlighting their strengths, limitations, and maturity. While advances improve efficiency and scalability, challenges remain in material stability, energy use, and cost. Future research should focus on hybrid systems, reactor design, renewable integration, and comprehensive techno-economic and lifecycle analyses to enable durable, large-scale CO2 removal.
Authors: Jiaxi Zhang, Boyang Mao, Jianxin Zou, Zhigang HuSynopsis: This review examines large-scale DAC, highlighting adsorption-based materials as energy-efficient alternatives to traditional absorption. It covers material design, performance metrics, and technoeconomic considerations, noting critical gaps in adsorbent development and the need for system-level assessments. Advancing DAC technologies is essential for cost-effective, scalable CO₂ removal and achieving sustainable climate mitigation.
Authors: Ciprian Tudor, Cristinel Constandache, Lucian Dinca, Gabriel Murariu, Nicolae Ovidiu Badea, Nicu Constantin Tudose, Mirabela MarinSynopsis: This study presents a bibliometric and systematic review of pine plantations on degraded lands, focusing on their ecological, social, and economic roles. Analyzing 281 publications (1983–2024), mainly from the USA, China, and Spain, it highlights contributions in forestry, ecology, agriculture, and water sciences. Key journals include Forest Ecology and Management, Forests, and Land Degradation & Development. Findings show pines’ resilience in afforestation, supporting soil protection, water regulation, and carbon storage. Future research should explore climate adaptation, regeneration techniques, and management impacts on carbon potential.
Authors: Shreya Mehta, Jitender Kumar, Sipai Nazirahmed, Himanshu Saxena, Jyotiranjan S. Ray, Sanjeev Kumar, Indrani Karunasagar, and Arvind SinghSynopsis: This study evaluates OAE feedstocks in 300 L mesocosms along the Arabian Sea. Natural minerals (olivine, kaolinite, dolomite) showed little effect on alkalinity (AT), pH, or dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), indicating low efficiency. In contrast, industrial minerals—periclase (MgO) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH)₂)—raised AT by up to 16% and pH by 0.6 units. Isotopic and DIC analyses revealed secondary carbonate precipitation as a key loss pathway. The study identifies precipitation thresholds and highlights industrial feedstocks as more effective for OAE, though efficiency depends on managing precipitation risks.
Authors: Christopher J. Fulton, Diego R. Barneche, Kay Davis, Cal Faubel, Cecilia Pascelli, Julie Vercelloni, Shaun K. WilsonSynopsis: This study shows that most soil organic carbon in coastal wetlands—saltmarshes, mangroves, and seagrasses—comes from external (allochthonous) sources rather than local plants. Using a global dataset and Bayesian meta-regression, the research highlights that managing climate-resilient blue carbon ecosystems requires accounting for all contributors to soil carbon. Sampling design and modeling choices strongly affect Corg estimates, emphasizing the need for improved methods to track carbon sources accurately.
Authors: Seungyeol Lee, and Gyujae YooSynopsis: This study introduces a cost-effective CaO-based mineralization process that removes CO₂ while producing high-purity calcite nanoparticles (~100 nm). Using hydrated CaO and controlled carbonation, the method yields 99.9% pure nanocrystals with rhombohedral morphology. Techno-economic analysis shows strong profitability, especially when using industrial residues as feedstock. The approach combines carbon credits, nanoparticle sales, and waste valorization, aligning carbon removal with circular economy goals.
Schematic representation of the changes caused by ocean CDR to the carbon flows between spheres (Source)WEB POSTSCan nature-based carbon removal scale fast enough to meet 2030 targets? (Climate Drift) Climate Drift👋 Welcome to Climate Drift: your cheat-sheet to climate. Each edition breaks down real solutions, hard numbers, and career moves for operators, founders, and investors who want impact. For more: Community | Accelerator | Open Climate Firesides | Deep Dives… 4 days ago · 3 likes · Skander Garroum What role will CDR play for shipping? (Marginal Carbon) Marginal CarbonBiofuels, onboard CCS, and durable CDR are likely to be the cheapest mitigation solutions for shipping. Electrofuels may play a role, but only if electricity becomes very cheap. Currently, roadmaps and policy favor electrofuels (primarily) and biofuels (secondarily), with a limited role for CDR and an unclear role for CCS. Rules should be tech-agnostic… 4 days ago · 5 likes · 2 comments · Robert Höglund Market Mechanisms Mapping for Carbon Removal (Global Climate Tech Watch) Global ClimateTech WatchIntroduction: How do market mechanisms form for an emerging industry… 3 days ago · Wendy Shi THESESAuthors: Amini Khoei, MahmoudSynopsis: This study assesses CO₂ mineralization in Austria via (1) biogenic CO₂ with recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) and (2) steel slag carbonation using process CO₂. LCA and TEA show steel slag offers lower GWP (0.023 vs. 0.12 kg CO₂-eq/kg CO₂) and better scalability, with costs dropping to 16.1 EUR/ton at large scale. RCA viability depends on material costs and product value. Both require carbon pricing, energy subsidies, and by-product valorization to balance environmental gains with economic feasibility.
Authors: Xu, ChenzheSynopsis: This thesis develops a new model to predict biochar longevity for carbon removal, addressing uncertainties in kinetic extrapolation and field calibration. Using H:C and O:C ratios with a triple exponential function, it improves long-term CDR estimates. Global assessments show short-term predictions are similar across models, but discrepancies grow over longer timescales. The work aids carbon market credibility and policy decisions, highlighting the need for standardized experiments and broader datasets.
REPORTSUPCOMING EVENTSSeptember 2025October 2025November 2025December 2025We have curated a “Carbon Removal Events Calendar.” Explore and stay informed about upcoming events, conferences, and webinars on Carbon Dioxide Removal technology. Sync specific events / all events to your default calendar to ensure you never miss out on important CDR updates. Carbon Removal Events Calendar JOB OPPORTUNITIES"The Research Fellow will contribute to the project, Charting the Legal Seascape for Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal in Australia. This project, funded through 2025 Australian Research Council Discovery Project Grant, addresses the question ‘How should marine carbon dioxide removal (mCDR) be governed to accelerate Australia’s pathway to net zero, while managing the environmental, social, cultural and economic risks of large-scale interventions in Australia’s marine environment?’ This project represents a unique opportunity to conduct research of national and international significance."
"SeaO₂ works to combat climate change and reduce atmospheric carbon. We use our patented technology to achieve large scale carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the ocean using an electrochemical approach."
"Isometric is the world’s leading carbon removal registry. We help Fortune 100 companies tackle climate change and avoid greenwashing."
"The Department of Earth & Planetary Sciences (EPS) and the Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture (YCNCC) at Yale University invite applications for a tenure-track appointment at any rank (assistant, associate, or full professor) in the areas of marine and geological carbon dioxide removal and greenhouse gas mitigation. A start date of July 2026 or later is expected for this position. We encourage applicants from disciplines including (but not limited to) physical, chemical, and biological oceanography, as well as geochemistry, petrology, and sedimentology."
"Sitos Group is a biochar manufacturer utilizing Ag & municipal waste to produce a high-quality, durable, and customizable biochar product to increase carbon sequestration, improve soil health, and build a regenerative future."
"Loam Bio is the cutting-edge microbial technology, that are enhancing soil health, boosting crop yields, and sequestering carbon to create a sustainable future for farming."
"The Business Strategy Manager will be responsible for defining and implementing Limenet's commercial and go-to-market strategy, contributing to business development and building strategic relationships with customers, partners, and institutional stakeholders."
Grain Ecosystem is a fast-growing venture-backed company helping companies turn waste into biochar, a profitable and sustainable carbon removal solution. Our digital tools and expert team simplify every stage of project development—from feasibility assessment to financing and execution."
"Ocean Visions is a science-based, not-for-profit conservation organization. We work with and across diverse sectors and disciplines to identify, co-design, evaluate, and support implementation of ocean-based solutions to counter and reverse climate impacts."
Looking for your dream job in CDR? There are 635 jobs available *right now*: check them all out at: CDRjobs Board PODCASTSCarbon Markets & The Art of Not Being Governed: Legibility vs. Complexity in James C. Scott—w/ Grant Faber | Reversing Climate Change | 363: Carbon Markets & The Art of Not Being Governed: Legibility vs. Complexity in James C. Scott—w/ Grant Faber Reversing Climate Change 1:02:11 |
"Today's show serves as an introduction to anthropology, and to some key Scottian concepts like "legibility" that Grant Faber and I apply to the carbon removal and carbon offsetting spaces.Why do states prefer straight lines? Why do more organic shapes take place seemingly everywhere else? How can creating legibility be simultaneously great for transparency and order but perilous for justice and truth? When complexity is often so much more accurate, what is it within us that yearns to abandon it? What is in us that desires to make everything legible to our gaze even if it creates a wasteland and calls it peace?"
"Right now, there are technologies that can pull carbon dioxide directly out of the air. That could be a critical tool in a world where climate change is rampant. Yet to fulfill this carbon removal potential, the sky-high costs of direct air capture need to fall. Today, capturing a metric ton of carbon dioxide with DAC costs around $900 on average, presenting a huge challenge to scaling the technology when there are more affordable alternatives available. So what is the cost outlook for direct air capture, and which technology type offers the most financially viable means of growth? On today’s show, Tom Rowlands-Rees is joined by Brenna Casey, an associate on BNEF’s sustainable materials team, to discuss findings from her report “Out of Thin Air: The Cost of Scaling Direct Air Capture”."
YOUTUBE VIDEOSThe GigaTen Ep 9 August 2025 | Tree+ "In this 9th episode of The Giga Ten we discuss how the CDR market may need conversions for different CDR pathways. Is that even possible? This and 9 other topics in the August GigaTen with Sebastian Manhart and Leila Conners."
Beyond Net Zero - Carbon Dioxide Removal Portfolios | Christian Breyer "This is a podcast AI generated with Google NotebookLM for the research article "Assessment of technologies and economics for carbon dioxide removal from a portfolio perspective" published in the International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control in 2025."
Value-Added Products and Co-Benefits from GHG Removals | National Academies - Earth and Life Studies "This webinar will be the first of a 3-part webinar series titled Foundations for a Successful and Responsible Greenhouse Gas Removals Ecosystem with this conversation addressing questions including:-What are the leading economic opportunities for GHGs captured and available for utilization? Where is the current commercial readiness?-What are the key challenges currently facing efforts to develop commercial utilizations of captured GHGs?-What co-benefits can be derived from technologies for capturing GHGs, either as products, or co-sited processes?"
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