Hi all,Over the past few months my father and I have been working on a small radiotelescope for centimetre wavelengths. I was interested in observing methanol and water masers at 12 and 22 GHz, but the mesh surface of my 3 metre dish is not good enough for such high frequencies. Moreover, pointing and tracking by hand is very difficult at such high frequencies. Therefore, I decided to buy a smaller solid offset dish which was light enough for my HEQ5 equatorial mount. this solves at least most of the tracking and pointing problems. However, the dish has a diameter of only 1 metre, so its surface area is 9X smaller than that of a 3 metre dish.I decided to start working on the 12,178 GHz methanol line first. In an earlier thread on this forum (https://groups.google.com/g/sara-list/c/9OW8LU9LGvU) Michiel Klaassen and Wolfgang Herrmann pointed out to me that detecting water and methanol masers should be possible with a 3 metre dish. They also mentioned that 12 GHz methanol was easier on the receiver side because LNBs for this frequency range are widely available.W3(OH) should be one of the brightest methanol masers in the northern sky, Blaszkiewicz el al. (2004) mentioned a flux density of 793 Jansky. I calculated that with my 1 metre dish and an aperture efficiency of 0.5, an ~800 Jy source should give an antenna temperature of 0.1 kelvin. I tried to calculate the minimum integration time needed to detect W3(OH) using the radiometer equation. With a Tsys of 100 kelvin, an aperture efficiency of 0.5 and a bandwidth of 10 KHz I would need about an hour to detect a 0.1 K difference with an SNR of 5. Of course, this is the theoretical minimum integration time, so it might be much harder in reality. However, I decided that this was still worth giving a try.I used an inverto Ku band single PLL LNB to downconvert the 12 GHz signal to L-band. the LNB has 2 local oscillators, I needed to switch on the high band 10.6 GHz LO, This is done by inserting 22 KHz tone. My father built a special power supply which delivers 12V DC with the 22 KHz tone superimposed, this is fed into the LNB via a bias tee. I tested how much the LO frequency drifts and found that it only drifted about 10- 15 KHz in a few hours. this is much less than the width of the maser line, so I decided it was not necessary to modify the LNB for higher stability.On the evenings of february 20 and 21, I tried to detect the methanol maser of W3(OH). Integration time was 2 hours on the first evening and 3 hours on the second. I also measured the Astra 3B beacon again after the observations to measure the frequency offset of the LO. On both evenings I detected a weak 0.1K signal at around -45.5 km/s. It looks quite convincing but I first want to make sure it is not some weird form of RFI.To be continued....Eduard Mol--
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Op 23 feb. 2021 om 3:56 PM heeft Michiel Klaassen <vmin...@gmail.com> het volgende geschreven:
Hallo Allen,Hierbij de post die op SARA is geplaatst door Eduard Mol; hij heeft de maser WH(OH) gedetecteerd op 12GHz.En dit heeft hij gedaan met een 1 meter !! schotel; dit is fantastisch. Ik heb hem natuurlijk gefeliciteerd met dit resultaat.Je kan de curve vergelijken met die van mijn project 23.groeten,Michiel
Op ma 22 feb. 2021 om 19:35 schreef Eduard Mol <eddiem...@gmail.com>:
Hi all,Over the past few months my father and I have been working on a small radiotelescope for centimetre wavelengths. I was interested in observing methanol and water masers at 12 and 22 GHz, but the mesh surface of my 3 metre dish is not good enough for such high frequencies. Moreover, pointing and tracking by hand is very difficult at such high frequencies. Therefore, I decided to buy a smaller solid offset dish which was light enough for my HEQ5 equatorial mount. this solves at least most of the tracking and pointing problems. However, the dish has a diameter of only 1 metre, so its surface area is 9X smaller than that of a 3 metre dish.I decided to start working on the 12,178 GHz methanol line first. In an earlier thread on this forum (https://groups.google.com/g/sara-list/c/9OW8LU9LGvU) Michiel Klaassen and Wolfgang Herrmann pointed out to me that detecting water and methanol masers should be possible with a 3 metre dish. They also mentioned that 12 GHz methanol was easier on the receiver side because LNBs for this frequency range are widely available.W3(OH) should be one of the brightest methanol masers in the northern sky, Blaszkiewicz el al. (2004) mentioned a flux density of 793 Jansky. I calculated that with my 1 metre dish and an aperture efficiency of 0.5, an ~800 Jy source should give an antenna temperature of 0.1 kelvin. I tried to calculate the minimum integration time needed to detect W3(OH) using the radiometer equation. With a Tsys of 100 kelvin, an aperture efficiency of 0.5 and a bandwidth of 10 KHz I would need about an hour to detect a 0.1 K difference with an SNR of 5. Of course, this is the theoretical minimum integration time, so it might be much harder in reality. However, I decided that this was still worth giving a try.I used an inverto Ku band single PLL LNB to downconvert the 12 GHz signal to L-band. the LNB has 2 local oscillators, I needed to switch on the high band 10.6 GHz LO, This is done by inserting 22 KHz tone. My father built a special power supply which delivers 12V DC with the 22 KHz tone superimposed, this is fed into the LNB via a bias tee. I tested how much the LO frequency drifts and found that it only drifted about 10- 15 KHz in a few hours. this is much less than the width of the maser line, so I decided it was not necessary to modify the LNB for higher stability.On the evenings of february 20 and 21, I tried to detect the methanol maser of W3(OH). Integration time was 2 hours on the first evening and 3 hours on the second. I also measured the Astra 3B beacon again after the observations to measure the frequency offset of the LO. On both evenings I detected a weak 0.1K signal at around -45.5 km/s. It looks quite convincing but I first want to make sure it is not some weird form of RFI.
<W3OH12ghzfeb.png>To be continued....Eduard Mol--
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