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Pl ignore the above info as it is incomplete)
Here is the clarification.
When Urea is fed, in the digestive system of Cows(ruminants),urea releases ammonia. By the action of rumen microbes, this ammonia utilizes the carbon skeleton from the Carbohydrates available in the diet of the cow (remember the atomic formula of say, Dextrose, a simple carbohydrate-C6 H12 O6 ) and synthesizes amino acids, thereby proteins. (Amino acids also have a basic Carbon-Hydrogen- oxygen molecular structure) And you already know that protein is made up of amino acids.
In other words, To synthesize protein, the animal (rumen microbes) require adequate amount of Carbohydrates. If sufficient amount of Carbohydrates are not available from the diet of the animal, the ammonia produced from urea, is not utilized and Ammonia accumulates in the rumen(stomach) and causes various toxic effects.
The quantity of protein produced from each unit of Urea fed-is researched based on the atomic structure/molecular weight etc.
So to say it simply, one unit of urea fed, after utilizing specific amount of Carbohydrates, with the action of rumen microbes, 2.8 units of protein is synthesized.
The above subject is already well researched and documented.
If the topic is still not clear, you can contact me.