Oh, well while we're plugging papers made possible by Caffe...
How transferable are features in deep neural networks?
Jason Yosinski, Jeff Clune, Yoshua Bengio, Hod Lipson
NIPS 2014,
http://papers.nips.cc/paper/5427-how-transferable-are-features-in-deep-neural-networks
(see also arXiv preprint with supplementary:
http://arxiv.org/abs/1411.1792)
</shameless>
Summary below.
Actually there are probably quite a few Caffe users going to NIPS in
two weeks. Anyone up for a meetup some evening there to get to know
other users?
cheers,
jason
Summary:
Many people have noticed that the first layers of neural nets trained
on images tend to produce Gabor features and color blobs, prompting
the suspicion that such features are generic to many image datasets
and tasks. But to what extent is this true? And to what extent are
higher layers generic?
In this study we measure the generality of features as the extent to
which they are transferrable from one task to another, and in the
process come across a few interesting results:
- Transferability is negatively affected by two distinct issues: not
only the specialization of higher layer neurons to their original
task, but also optimization difficulties encountered when chopping
neural nets in half, severing connections between co-adapted neurons.
- Which of these two effects dominates can depend on whether features
are transferred from the bottom, middle, or top of the network.
- Features in the middle of a network can transfer well to other
semantically similar tasks but much more poorly to semantically
distant tasks.
- We also observe a surprising effect that initializing a network
with transferred features from almost any number of layers can produce
a boost to generalization that lingers even after extensive
fine-tuning to the target dataset.
---------------------------
Jason Yosinski, Cornell Computer Science Ph.D. student
http://yosinski.com/ +1.719.440.1357
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