Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

[Jim Baross]

To address some confusion in understanding of just what a Sharrow (Shared Lane Pavement Marking) is intended to mean, I offer this Caltrans proposed new text for the CA-MUTCD. Full text may be found in the agenda for the Aug. 10th CTCDC meeting in San Diego. Note especially 05a; Sharrows are not necessarily for riding ON, but for informing about a position option. The sign [Bike] May Use Full Lane provides a different, stronger, but related message.

And note that Caltrans is proposing allowing use of Sharrows as way-finding assistance on Class III Bikeways.

Guidance: 

   04 If used in a shared lane with on-street parallel parking, if the effective lane width is 14 feet or greater, Shared Lane Markings should be placed so that the centers of the markings are at least 13 feet from the face of the curb or from the edge of the pavement where there is no curb. If the effective lane width is less than 14 feet, the marking should be centered within the effective lane width. See Figure 9C-108(CA) 

   05 If used on a street without on-street parking that has an outside travel lane that is less than 14 feet wide, the centers of the Shared Lane Marking should be centered in the travel lane. If used on a street without on-street parking that has an outside travel lane whose width is 14 feet or greater, the shared lane markings should be centered at least 4 feet from the face of the curb, or from the edge of the pavement where there is no curb. 

Support: 

   05a The Shared Lane Marking indicates a position option, not a single preferred position. No system of markings can indicate proper lane positioning for bicyclists for all variations of speed, destination, and experience. 

   05b When a shared lane is sufficiently wide that motor vehicles can pass bicyclists within the lane, the purpose of the Shared Lane Marking is to indicate a bicyclist line of travel that facilitates passing while avoiding fixed obstructions (e.g. drainage inlet, gutter joint). When a shared lane is not wide enough to enable passing with adequate clearance, the purpose of the marking is to indicate a bicyclist line of travel that deters passing within the lane. 

Jim Baross

Bikes Right; and Left & Center 

Bicycling Instructor/Advocate

CABO President

CBAC Vice-Chair

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[judyf...@att.net]

I don't think your wording on how to place sharrows is correct.  I will send the correct wording with charts from 2 sources with graphs and how to do the math to center within the effective lane of travel with and without parking.  One was done by a past MUTCD committee member and one teaching the CALTRans course on bicycle transportation.  It should be added to the HDM.  Both engineers.  Let's not reinvent the wheel.

In no way should they be used for wayfinding.  Shared lane markings mean shared with motorists.  

Judy

Sent from my not so Smartphone.  Please excuse brief responses and typos.

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[Jim Baross]

Judy:

What I provided is/was not my wording; Caltrans proposed text.

And, consider reconsidering your objection after reading the proposed guidance.

Jim Baross

Bikes Right; and Left & Center 

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[Jim Baross]

The CTCDC meeting is open to the public though opportunities to speak are limited and there are usually no opportunities to participate in discussion.

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[judyf...@att.net]

Not centered in the travel lane. Centered in the effective lane of travel. 2 different things.  

I'll send the guidance

Sent from my not so Smartphone.  Please excuse brief responses and typos.

------ Original message------

From: Jim Baross

Date: Mon, Aug 7, 2017 6:40 PM

To: Judy Frankel;

Cc: Cabo Forum;San Diego Bike Forum;MaggieO;

Subject:Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

Judy:

What I provided is/was not my wording; Caltrans proposed text.

And, consider reconsidering your objection after reading the proposed guidance.

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[Serge Issakov]

If there is no onstreet parking what's the difference between the effective traffic lane and the traffic lane?

It's easy to think it's confusing to use sharrows for two purposes - 1) to denote lane is too narrow and cyclists should use the full lane, and 2) to denote lane is wide and cyclists should share the lane.  BUT, given the very different positionings of the sharrows in those two cases, maybe it's not a big problem.  

I think the bigger problem is using the latter approach (showing lane-sharing in wide lane with no onstreet parking) where there are driveways and other ripe opportunities for right hooks, pullouts and left crosses.  In other words, lane positioning depends on more than just lane width.  I know there is a disclaimer to that effect, but I would like these turning conflict considerations to be spelled out.

The other thing is if a lane is truly wide enough for safe sharing then the guidance should be to paint a buffered bike lane.  The flip side is if there is insufficient space to paint a buffered bike lane then the lane is too narrow for safe sharing...  So that suggests they should never use the sharrows in the second situation (share-the-lane) position.

Serge

[judyf...@att.net]

sharrows are to be used where the lane is too narrow to share.

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[judyf...@att.net]

theres a big difference if the lane is over 10 feet wide.

[MaggieO]

slight correction Judy: it should be in the CA MUTCD, since it's a pavement marking.  But you had the right idea.  It needs to be in the manual. 

---

From: "judyf...@att.net" <judyf...@att.net>
To: Jim Baross <jimb...@cox.net>; Cabo Forum <cabo...@googlegroups.com>; San Diego Bike Forum <San-Diego-Bi...@googlegroups.com>
Cc: MaggieO <iris...@sbcglobal.net>
Sent: Monday, August 7, 2017 6:13 PM
Subject: Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

[Jim Baross]

The City''s and our definition would likely need to be modified since, per Caltrans, a Sharrow would not necessarily indicate (any longer?) that bikes may use the full lane.

On Aug 8, 2017 1:33 AM, "Robert Leone" <rob_...@earthlink.net> wrote:

Dear Bike Facility Fans:
For more fun, here's a much less technical explanation of Sharrows from the City of San Diego's bike program. Link goes to PDF.

Link/URL:
https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/tsw/pdf/sharrows.pdf

Robert Leone

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[Judy Frankel]

Ok.. what was originally put in the MUTCD was wrong and sometimes put sharrows in the door zone.  It needs to be revised.

 

Here are 2 similar formulas for correct sharrow placement.  Attaching both for the committee to decide on.  One is in the ITE Handbook (Institute of Traffic Enginers) with pages also attached

 

Yes, sharrow are in the CAMUTCD.. but I thought maybe the HDM gave more recommendations of how they should be used.

 

In any case, I’m now attaching the exact formula for placement.

 

There are 2 recommendations that are very similar.  One takes more into account the left shy buffer and they use 2 different parking lane widths, one 10 feet one 11 feet.  One calls it usable lane, the other effective lane.

 

S = (L+10)/2. Better for narrower lanes down to 16 feet or

 S = (L+11)/2  formula places the sharrows 1/2 foot further leftward than the other, which is not a significant difference for lanes over 20 feet wide. For narrower lanes, especially below 18 feet, it can place the cyclist closer than optimal to the adjacent lane to the left. 

 

 

.( Basically you are putting the sharrow between the wheels of the motorist, which is almost never the center of the lane, with or without parking.  Many contractors would recognize this as the same place they would put a STOP or SLOW stencil marking on the road.)

 

 

 

 

Effective lane width

 

Usable Lane

 

Attached is a copy of the ITE Traffic Control Devices Handbook, 2nd Edition (copyright 2013). It has several pages on shared lane markings, including several tables on lateral positioning depending on road geometry.

[Michael Graff]

Exactly. So here's an easy explanation of how to position a sharrow, in just two steps, with no math:

1. Pretend you're painting a STOP stencil.

2. Center the sharrow between the "T" and the "O"

(I think I'd prefer sharrows to be centered in front of the driver's seat, near the left tire track. But they'll probably wear better if they're between the tire tracks.)

[F Lehnerz]

What road in CoSD has a lane that wide with shared-lane markings painted? Also notice the position of the cyclist... 

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[Serge Issakov]

Very rare very short segments here or there, maybe. 

Like I said, if there is that much width on a long enough stretch that  someone is bringing out the paint, you might as well as paint a bike lane. If there is insufficient lane width to carve out a bike lane then the lane is too narrow to safely share, by definition, and the sharrow should be centered in the effective lane. 

Jim, I hope you memorize that paragraph and repeat it at the CTCDC and anywhere else that's relevant. 

Serge

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[Jim Baross]

I cannot attend the CTCDC meeting tomorrow. Some one or more of you may. 

I've done what I can.

On Aug 8, 2017 11:21 PM, "Serge Issakov" <serge....@gmail.com> wrote:

Very rare very short segments here or there, maybe. 

Like I said, if there is that much width on a long enough stretch that  someone is bringing out the paint, you might as well as paint a bike lane. If there is insufficient lane width to carve out a bike lane then the lane is too narrow to safely share, by definition, and the sharrow should be centered in the effective lane. 

Jim, I hope you memorize that paragraph and repeat it at the CTCDC and anywhere else that's relevant. 

Serge

On Tue, Aug 8, 2017 at 10:04 PM F Lehnerz <flehne...@gmail.com> wrote:

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[Judy Frankel]

Jim

 

What actions did you take to deliver the recommendations.

 

Who is on the committee?

 

Is Bryan Jones still on it?

 

Judy

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[Jim Baross]

Judy asked me several questions.

What actions did you take to deliver the recommendations. 

Who is on the committee? 

Is Bryan Jones still on it?

I and Alan Wachtel participated, and still do, on a subcommittee of CBAC with Caltrans staff whose tasks included reviewing and assisting with Caltrans effort to update/provide guidance regarding several items including: Sharrows, RTOL bikeway treatments, Class IV, etc. Our concerns and recommendations were expressed verbally during several teleconference sessions and in writing via email.

During three CBAC meetings I provided updates and sought CBAC positions and recommendations for the sub-committee process and to the CTCDC. 

Subsequently I got CBAC to take some positions but could not get their OK for removing way-finding from the Sharrow proposed guidance. CBAC authorized comments/recommendations about Two-Stage Bike Boxes - drop the prohibitions options for bicycle left turns, Chapter 9 committee should include CBAC, and discuss considerations for when Bus Only lanes may allow bicycle use. But there is not identified CBAC rep able to attend and speak.

I wrote up and sent my concerns to lots of advocates seeking people to attend and speak at the Aug 10 CTCDC meeting - here is that agenda and information, CTCDC-08-10-17.pdf. Getting only one offer, I expanded and posted to CABOforum.

August 10th, 2017 (9:00 A.M. to end)

4050 Taylor Street San Diego, CA 92110

Garcia Auditorium 1-125 

I emailed my concerns to Caltrans staff - including Rachel, Vijay, and Duper - and three the CTCDC Active Transpo reps for whom I have email addresses - Bryon, Rock, Mike - and some other people. I copied Keith, the current CBAC Chair. The website for the CTCDC has information that you/others might benefit from looking at - http://www.dot.ca.gov/trafficops/ctcdc. 

I received responses/inquiries from Rachel and Bryon about Sharrows.

​I believe our strongest argument against using Sharrows for way-finding​ is the confusion resulting from a mixed message, and the watering down of the - should be a clear message - that the presence of a Sharrow is for when a lane may be too narrow for side-by-side sharing of a lane with a motor vehicle... BMUFL. 

I look forward to finding out if advocates will act; attend the meeting to speak up. I will be in Ft. Collins for a League LCI Coach training/workshop.

Jim Baross

Bikes Right; and Left & Center 

Bicycling Instructor/Advocate

CABO President

CBAC Vice-Chair

SHSP Bicycling Co-Chair

SDCBC Board Member

Grandfather, Husband, Father, Brother

Friend...

On Wed, Aug 9, 2017 at 9:27 AM, Judy Frankel <judyf...@att.net> wrote:

Jim

 

What actions did you take to deliver the recommendations.

 

Who is on the committee?

 

Is Bryan Jones still on it?

 

Judy

 

From: jimb...@gmail.com [mailto:jimb...@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Jim Baross

Sent: Wednesday, August 9, 2017 6:40 AM
To: Serge Issakov

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[Judy Frankel]

Thanks for the info.

 

How can they possibly think it’s a good idea to use for wayfinding.  There are wayfinding symbols already in the MUTCD.  That is absolutely ridiculous.

 

I hope your info the actual MUTCD committee will quash that.  MUTCD says you don’t use one symbol for a different purpose.

 

Who is CBAC and why would they do such a thing? 

 

 

 

From: jimb...@gmail.com [mailto:jimb...@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Jim Baross
Sent: Wednesday, August 09, 2017 11:29 AM
To: Judy Frankel
Cc: CABOforum
Subject: Re: [San-Diego-Bicyclist-Forum] Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

 

Judy asked me several questions.

On Tuesday, August 8, 2017 at 7:25:41 AM UTC-7, Jim Baross wrote:

The City''s and our definition would likely need to be modified since, per Caltrans, a Sharrow would not necessarily indicate (any longer?) that bikes may use the full lane.

On Aug 8, 2017 1:33 AM, "Robert Leone" <rob_...@earthlink.net> wrote:

Dear Bike Facility Fans:
For more fun, here's a much less technical explanation of Sharrows from the City of San Diego's bike program. Link goes to PDF.

Link/URL:
https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/tsw/pdf/sharrows.pdf

Robert Leone

On 8/7/2017 6:34 PM, judyf...@att.net wrote:

theres a big difference if the lane is over 10 feet wide.

 

Sent from my not so Smartphone.  Please excuse brief responses and typos.

 

------ Original message------

From: Serge Issakov

Date: Mon, Aug 7, 2017 7:21 PM

To: Judy Frankel;

Cc: Jim Baross;Cabo Forum;San Diego Bike Forum;MaggieO;

Subject:Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

 

If there is no onstreet parking what's the difference between the effective traffic lane and the traffic lane?

 

It's easy to think it's confusing to use sharrows for two purposes - 1) to denote lane is too narrow and cyclists should use the full lane, and 2) to denote lane is wide and cyclists should share the lane.  BUT, given the very different positionings of the sharrows in those two cases, maybe it's not a big problem.  

I think the bigger problem is using the latter approach (showing lane-sharing in wide lane with no onstreet parking) where there are driveways and other ripe opportunities for right hooks, pullouts and left crosses.  In other words, lane positioning depends on more than just lane width.  I know there is a disclaimer to that effect, but I would like these turning conflict considerations to be spelled out.

The other thing is if a lane is truly wide enough for safe sharing then the guidance should be to paint a buffered bike lane.  The flip side is if there is insufficient space to paint a buffered bike lane then the lane is too narrow for safe sharing..  So that suggests they should never use the sharrows in the second situation (share-the-lane) position.

 

Serge

 

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[Jim Baross]

Judy asked, "How can they possibly think it’s a good idea to use for wayfinding.  There are wayfinding symbols already in the MUTCD.  That is absolutely ridiculous. I hope your info the actual MUTCD committee will quash that.  MUTCD says you don’t use one symbol for a different purpose. Who is CBAC and why would they do such a thing?" 

 

CBAC is the Calif. Bicycle Advisory Committee, meets bi-monthly since 1992 in Sacramento. Look it up.

What way-finding markings would suffice instead of Sharrows?

Here's a response I got re: Sharrows from Caltrans.

Perhaps, your concern is related to the proposed paragraph 1(G.):
“Proposal:
Section 9C.07 Shared Lane Marking
Option:
01 The Shared Lane Marking shown in Figure 9C-9 may be used to:
A. Assist bicyclists with lateral positioning in a shared lane with on-street parallel parking in order
to reduce the chance of a bicyclist’s impacting the open door of a parked vehicle,
B. Assist bicyclists with lateral positioning in lanes that are too narrow for a motor vehicle and a
bicycle to travel side by side within the same traffic lane,
C. Alert road users of the lateral location bicyclists are likely to occupy within the traveled way,
D. Encourage safe passing of bicyclists by motorists,
E. Reduce the incidence of wrong-way bicycling,
F. Assist bicyclists with lateral positioning within a traffic circle or roundabout (See Figure 9C.107),
G. Supplement a signed bicycle route that is identified as a Class III bicycle facility, and…”

If so, the above option is consistent with the [not] attached official MUTCD interpretation issued by FHWA (please refer to the [not] attached letter dated 4/2/2014 for Figures 3-5):

“Paragraph 1 of Section 3A.02 prohibits the use of a pavement marking inconsistent with its meaning as established in the MUTCD. Navigational guidance for the bicyclist is provided through Bicycle Destination (D1-1b, D1-1c, D1-2b, D1-2c, D1-3b, D1-3c) signs… Second, except for the non-standard pavement marking arrow in Figure 4, it is our Official Interpretation that any of the pavement marking alternatives provided in Figures 3 through 5 of Item C in your inquiry can be used to supplement signing on an established bicycle route. Paragraph 2 of Section 3B.20 provides for the Option to use pavement word markings and symbols to supplement signs and/or to provide additional emphasis for regulatory, warning, or guidance messages. Because the pavement markings alone would be insufficient to communicate the purpose of a designated bike route of this type, appropriate Bike Route Guide signs should be considered.”

Jim Baross

On Wed, Aug 9, 2017 at 12:09 PM, Judy Frankel <judyf...@att.net> wrote:

Thanks for the info.

 

How can they possibly think it’s a good idea to use for wayfinding.  There are wayfinding symbols already in the MUTCD.  That is absolutely ridiculous.

 

I hope your info the actual MUTCD committee will quash that.  MUTCD says you don’t use one symbol for a different purpose.

 

Who is CBAC and why would they do such a thing? 

 

 

 

From: jimb...@gmail.com [mailto:jimb...@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Jim Baross

Sent: Wednesday, August 09, 2017 11:29 AM
To: Judy Frankel
Cc: CABOforum

Subject: Re: [San-Diego-Bicyclist-Forum] Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

 

Judy asked me several questions.

On Tuesday, August 8, 2017 at 7:25:41 AM UTC-7, Jim Baross wrote:

The City''s and our definition would likely need to be modified since, per Caltrans, a Sharrow would not necessarily indicate (any longer?) that bikes may use the full lane.

On Aug 8, 2017 1:33 AM, "Robert Leone" <rob_...@earthlink.net> wrote:

Dear Bike Facility Fans:
For more fun, here's a much less technical explanation of Sharrows from the City of San Diego's bike program. Link goes to PDF.

Link/URL:
https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/legacy/tsw/pdf/sharrows.pdf

Robert Leone

On 8/7/2017 6:34 PM, judyf...@att.net wrote:

theres a big difference if the lane is over 10 feet wide.

 

Sent from my not so Smartphone.  Please excuse brief responses and typos.

 

------ Original message------

From: Serge Issakov

Date: Mon, Aug 7, 2017 7:21 PM

To: Judy Frankel;

Cc: Jim Baross;Cabo Forum;San Diego Bike Forum;MaggieO;

Subject:Re: [CABOforum] Sharrows... and the CA-MUTCD

 

If there is no onstreet parking what's the difference between the effective traffic lane and the traffic lane?

 

It's easy to think it's confusing to use sharrows for two purposes - 1) to denote lane is too narrow and cyclists should use the full lane, and 2) to denote lane is wide and cyclists should share the lane.  BUT, given the very different positionings of the sharrows in those two cases, maybe it's not a big problem.  

I think the bigger problem is using the latter approach (showing lane-sharing in wide lane with no onstreet parking) where there are driveways and other ripe opportunities for right hooks, pullouts and left crosses.  In other words, lane positioning depends on more than just lane width.  I know there is a disclaimer to that effect, but I would like these turning conflict considerations to be spelled out.

The other thing is if a lane is truly wide enough for safe sharing then the guidance should be to paint a buffered bike lane.  The flip side is if there is insufficient space to paint a buffered bike lane then the lane is too narrow for safe sharing..  So that suggests they should never use the sharrows in the second situation (share-the-lane) position.

 

Serge

 

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