** 12/19/25 - Bill McKibben Dec 19 - info re Trump administration’s decision to shut down the National Center for Atmospheric Research.............

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Dec 18, 2025, 11:43:47 PM (6 days ago) Dec 18
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"The most traumatic item is the k born like me in 1960. It was a product of that era’s faith in science, a faith that paid off spectacularly. Take weather forecasting. As Nature reported today

Work at NCAR played a key part in the rise of modern weather and climate forecasting. For instance, the lab pioneered the modern dropwindsonde, a weather instrument that can be released from an aircraft to measure conditions as it plummets through a storm. The technology reshaped the scientific understanding of hurricanes, says James Franklin, an atmospheric scientist and former branch chief of the hurricane specialist unit at the US National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida.

But its most historically significant work has been in understanding the dimensions of the ongoing climate crisis. Nature again

On the global scale, NCAR is known for its climate-modelling work, including the world-leading models that underpin international assessments such as those from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Hundreds of scientists pass through NCAR’s doors each year to collaborate with its researchers. More than 800 people are employed at NCAR, most of whom work at the centre’s three campuses in Boulder, including the iconic Mesa Lab that sits at the base of jagged mountain peaks and was designed by architect I. M. Pei.

There’s no question about why the administration is doing what it’s doing. Project 2025 enforcer Russell Vought explained it quite succinctly—NCAR must go because it is “one of the largest sources of climate alarmism in the country.” This is stupid—it’s like closing the fire department because it’s a source of “fire alarmism”—but it’s by now an entirely recognizable form of stupid. And it’s also sly: it’s like spraypainting over the surveillance cameras so you can rob the bank without anyone watching. But of course nothing changes with the underlying physics. Indeed yesterday, as the announcement came down, NCAR was closed for the day because

the local electrical company planned to cut electricity preemptively to reduce wildfire risk as fierce winds were forecast around Boulder. In 2021, a wildfire ignited just kilometres from NCAR; fuelled by powerful winds, it ripped through suburban homes, killing two people. Many researchers say this is a new normal of increased fire risk in an era of climate change — a topic of study at NCAR.

I am glad people are rallying to fight—there was an emergency press conference today at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco, where many of the world’s earth scientists are gathered. Third Act Colorado is working with Indivisible on a weekend rally. This is the scientific equivalent of tearing down the East Wing of the White House, and given the moment a lot more significant.

But I’m saddened to see how little our representatives in DC seem to really care, even the Democratic ones. Sixteen Democratic Senators voted today to confirm Trump (and Elon Musk’s) nominee to head NASA, even though, as Brad Johnson pointed out in his Hill Heat newsletter, the administration is trying to slash science research at the agency in half. The new head, Jared Isaacman, is clearly on board. As he wrote this spring, “Take NASA out of the taxpayer funded climate science business and leave it for academia to determine.” But of course the administration is wrecking that too—they cut off the funding for the gold standard climate research program at Princeton on the grounds that it was “contributing to a phenomenon known as ‘climate anxiety,’ which has increased significantly among America’s youth.”


Things will get better...I think
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A Low Point

Things will get better...I think

Dec 19
 
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[As I begin, an aside. This is becoming a difficult moment economically for some—new data today suggests that unemployment has reached its highest level since the pandemic. I worry there may be a few people who graciously volunteered to pay the voluntary and modest subscription fee to help underwrite this project and who now find themselves strapped. Here’s instructions for how to cancel those payments. And conversely if you’re in a place where you can afford to help support this community, it would be graciously welcomed].

The so-called NCAR fire, in March of 2022, forced the evacuation of the National Center for Atmospheric Research

It’s the end of the year, and so one should be compiling ten-best lists.

And I turned 65 last week, having spent almost my entire adult life in the climate fight, so it’s one of those moments when I wish I could look back with a certain amount of satisfaction.

But since I owe you honesty, not exuberance, just at the moment I can’t provide much celebration. I was hopeful this edition of The Crucial Years might be about a big victory—on Wednesday the board that controls New York City’s pension funds was considering whether or not to pull tens of billions from Blackrock because of the investment giant’s climate waffling, which would have been a massive display of courage. Sadly, the city comptroller Brad Lander hadn’t gotten the measure on the agenda before the final meeting of his term, and he seems to have run out of time and political juice—the idea was tabled.

And so we’re left staring at a pile of recent defeats, at least in this country (which is an important qualification). I’ll try to end in a more hopeful place, but I fear you’re going to have to work through my angst with me for a few minutes.

This is a community, good times and bad. No one need feel obligated to help support it, but if you’re in a position to do so easily then a modestly priced and voluntary subscription is the way to do it.

The most traumatic item is the Trump administration’s decision to shut down the National Center for Atmospheric Research, born like me in 1960. It was a product of that era’s faith in science, a faith that paid off spectacularly. Take weather forecasting. As Nature reported today

Work at NCAR played a key part in the rise of modern weather and climate forecasting. For instance, the lab pioneered the modern dropwindsonde, a weather instrument that can be released from an aircraft to measure conditions as it plummets through a storm. The technology reshaped the scientific understanding of hurricanes, says James Franklin, an atmospheric scientist and former branch chief of the hurricane specialist unit at the US National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida.

But its most historically significant work has been in understanding the dimensions of the ongoing climate crisis. Nature again

On the global scale, NCAR is known for its climate-modelling work, including the world-leading models that underpin international assessments such as those from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Hundreds of scientists pass through NCAR’s doors each year to collaborate with its researchers. More than 800 people are employed at NCAR, most of whom work at the centre’s three campuses in Boulder, including the iconic Mesa Lab that sits at the base of jagged mountain peaks and was designed by architect I. M. Pei.

There’s no question about why the administration is doing what it’s doing. Project 2025 enforcer Russell Vought explained it quite succinctly—NCAR must go because it is “one of the largest sources of climate alarmism in the country.” This is stupid—it’s like closing the fire department because it’s a source of “fire alarmism”—but it’s by now an entirely recognizable form of stupid. And it’s also sly: it’s like spraypainting over the surveillance cameras so you can rob the bank without anyone watching. But of course nothing changes with the underlying physics. Indeed yesterday, as the announcement came down, NCAR was closed for the day because

the local electrical company planned to cut electricity preemptively to reduce wildfire risk as fierce winds were forecast around Boulder. In 2021, a wildfire ignited just kilometres from NCAR; fuelled by powerful winds, it ripped through suburban homes, killing two people. Many researchers say this is a new normal of increased fire risk in an era of climate change — a topic of study at NCAR.

I am glad people are rallying to fight—there was an emergency press conference today at the American Geophysical Union meeting in San Francisco, where many of the world’s earth scientists are gathered. Third Act Colorado is working with Indivisible on a weekend rally. This is the scientific equivalent of tearing down the East Wing of the White House, and given the moment a lot more significant.

But I’m saddened to see how little our representatives in DC seem to really care, even the Democratic ones. Sixteen Democratic Senators voted today to confirm Trump (and Elon Musk’s) nominee to head NASA, even though, as Brad Johnson pointed out in his Hill Heat newsletter, the administration is trying to slash science research at the agency in half. The new head, Jared Isaacman, is clearly on board. As he wrote this spring, “Take NASA out of the taxpayer funded climate science business and leave it for academia to determine.” But of course the administration is wrecking that too—they cut off the funding for the gold standard climate research program at Princeton on the grounds that it was “contributing to a phenomenon known as ‘climate anxiety,’ which has increased significantly among America’s youth.”

Too many Democratic leaders are feeling comfortable waving off climate concerns, because of a feeling that it might be a political problem for them. That was exemplified this morning in the New York Times when center-right pundit Matt Yglesias issued a strident call for liberals to “support America’s oil and gas industry.” That he did it hours after that oil and gas industry won its fight to shutter climate research was probably coincidental, but the piece was a woebegone recycling of decades-old bad-faith arguments from a person who has insisted repeatedly that climate change is not an existential risk. Yglesias wants us to follow Obama-era ‘all of the above’ energy policies even though they date from fifteen years ago, when clean energy was more expensive than dirty, and long before we had the batteries that could make solar and wind fully useful. It’s no longer a good argument, but he has not changed his tune one iota—he keeps invoking Obama, as if what was passable policy in 2008 still made sense.

The centerpiece of his argument is that we should support the gas industry because at least it produces less carbon than coal.

It is much cleaner than coal, consumption of which is still high and rising globally. Increased gas production, by displacing coal, has been the single largest driver of American emissions reductions over time. To the extent that foreign countries can be persuaded to rely on American gas exports rather than coal to fill the gaps left by the ongoing build-out of intermittent wind and solar that’s a climate win.

By now anyone following this debate knows that this is a mendacious point. That’s because the switch to gas has reduced American carbon emissions at the cost of increasing American methane emissions. Those who, like Yglesias, followed last year’s debate over pausing permitting for LNG export terminals know that the crucial point was the science showing that in fact American LNG exports were worse than coal. The job is to get others to switch to solar, not coal—and that’s happening everywhere except the U.S., whose appetite for the stuff is apparently the thing still driving up global consumption even as demand drops in China and India.

Having written many many opeds for the Times, I know that they fact-check things like the methane numbers; this should not have eluded them, but in fairness it’s eluded Democrats for decades, because gas has been such a convenient out for those unwilling to stand up to Big Oil. If I sound sore here, it’s because I’ve tried and failed to get this basic point of physics across; it’s just technical enough that senators often forget it, but ostensibly serious people like Yglesias should at least grapple with it.

All of this comes on the tenth anniversary of the Paris climate talks—and tenth anniversary of the Congress and (Democratic) president approving the resumption of U.S. oil exports. I celebrated my 55th in Paris, and I remember being hunched over a laptop at a cafe writing what I think may have been the only oped opposing that resumption. As I said at the time

It’s especially galling that Senate leaders -- Republicans and Democrats -- are apparently talking about trading this gift to Exxon and its ilk for tax breaks for wind and solar providers. It’s hard to imagine a better illustration of politicians who simply don’t understand the physics of climate change. We don’t need more of all kinds of energy -- we need more of the clean stuff and way, way less of the dirty. Physics doesn’t do backroom deals.

And indeed the Senators who said it was no big deal were wrong. America is, as Tony Dutzik pointed out this week, now the biggest oil exporter on earth. He lays out the case nicely

“There is currently little if any incentive for U.S. oil producers to export crude oil even if the ban is lifted,” wrote Michael Levi of the Council on Foreign Relations, for example, in December 2015.

A decade later, those breezy assessments have proven to be wildly off-base. “The United States produces more crude oil than any country, ever,” reads a 2024 headline from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), one of the agencies that got it wrong. Not only did lifting the crude export ban lead to a surge in oil production, but it also dramatically reshaped the global energy system, U.S. politics and greenhouse gas emissions.

So, anyway, feeling a little sad today. But I do think this is a low point, because I think around the rest of the world, where Trump (and pundits like Yglesias) have marginally less sway, things are continuing to break the right way. In fact, earlier today the premier journal Science picked its scientific “Breakthrough of the Year” and it turned out to be not some fascinating if arcane new discovery, but instead the prosaic but powerful spread of renewable energy around the planet.

This year, renewables surpassed coal as a source of electricity worldwide, and solar and wind energy grew fast enough to cover the entire increase in global electricity use from January to June, according to energy think tank Ember. In September, Chinese President Xi Jinping declared at the United Nations that his country will cut its carbon emissions by as much as 10% in a decade, not by using less energy, but by doubling down on wind and solar. And solar panel imports in Africa and South Asia have soared, as people in those regions realized rooftop solar can cheaply power lights, cellphones, and fans. To many, the continued growth of renewables now seems unstoppable—a prospect that has led Science to name the renewable energy surge its 2025 Breakthrough of the Year.

The tsunami of tech spilling from China’s factories has changed the country’s energy landscape—and its physical one, too. For decades China’s development was synonymous with coal, which produced choking air pollution and massive carbon emissions, still greater than those of all other developed nations combined. Now, solar panels carpet deserts and the high, sunstruck plateau of Tibet, and wind turbines up to 300 meters tall guard coastlines and hilltops (see photo essay, below). China’s solar power generation grew more than 20-fold over the past decade, and its solar and wind farms now have enough capacity to power the entire United States.

China’s burgeoning exports of green tech are transforming the rest of the world, too. Europe is a longtime customer, but countries in the Global South are also rushing to buy China’s solar panels, batteries, and wind turbines, spurred by market forces and a desire for energy independence. In Pakistan, for example, imports of Chinese solar panels grew fivefold from 2022 to ’24 as the Ukraine war pushed up natural gas prices and the cost of grid power. “For people who were asking, ‘How am I going to keep the lights on in my home,’ it was a very obvious choice,” says Lauri Myllyvirta, an analyst at the Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air. In South Africa, old and unreliable coal plants drove a similar dynamic. Ethiopia has embraced solar and wind amid worries that hydropower, the country’s mainstay, will decline as droughts become more frequent.

That’s the fight as we head into 2026. Trump and Big Oil have had the run of things this year, but their idiocy is pushing up against limits: among other things, it turns out that permitting every data center imaginable while cutting off the supply of cheap sun and wind is sending energy prices through the roof, which may be a real issue as midterms loom.

I’m not retiring—I’m here for the fight, and you too I hope

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In other energy and climate news

+Sea level rise seems to be accelerating. A new study of dozens of tide gauges around the U.S. shows, as Brady Dennis puts it, that a pretend study carried out by climate skeptics for the Department of Energy earlier this year, “stands in contrast” to reality.

Chris Piecuch, a sea-level scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, said he undertook his analysis in response to that Energy Department report, which he and others argue uses cherry-picked data to conclude that “U.S. tide gauge measurements reveal no obvious acceleration beyond the historical average rate of sea level rise.”

Piecuch said that while the rate of rising seas varies from place to place, the full range of available data leads to “a dramatically different conclusion” about what is actually unfolding along the nation’s coastlines.

“If you want to be thorough, you take all the data we have. When you do that, you find pretty unambiguous evidence of sea-level rise over the past century” in much of the country, said Piecuch, the author of the study published Wednesday in the journal AGU Advances.

“It’s not politics. That’s what the data say.”

Meanwhile, Arctic sea ice is at a record low level for the date

and a new study shows what a miserable year it’s been up north, with the highest temperatures ever recorded. As Oliver Millman puts it

From October 2024 to September 2025, temperatures across the entire Arctic region were the hottest in 125 years of modern record keeping, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) said, with the last 10 years being the 10 warmest on record in the Arctic.

The Arctic is heating up as much as four times as quickly as the global average, due to the burning of fossil fuels, and this extra heat is warping the world’s refrigerator – a region that acts as a key climate regulator for the rest of the planet.

The maximum extent of sea ice in 2025 was the lowest in the 47-year satellite record, Noaa reported on in its annual Arctic report card. This is the latest landmark in a longer trend, with the region’s oldest, thickest ice declining by more than 95% since the 1980s as the Arctic becomes hotter and rainier.

This year was a record for precipitation in the Arctic. Much of this is not settling as snow – the June snow cover extent over the Arctic today is half of what it was six decades ago.

+The Trump campaign against electric vehicles is causing a $19.5 billion dollar writedown at Ford, which will retool its assembly lines to make more hybrid vehicles and fewer true EVs.

But some industry experts said Ford’s strategy could make it vulnerable in the future if car buyers, including in the United States, became more willing to use electric vehicles.

“Dropping the Lightning might make Ford more China-proof until the day Chinese companies understand American pickup buyers the way Japanese car companies learned to understand American sedan and then S.U.V. buyers,” Erik Gordon, a professor at the Ross School of Business at the University of Michigan, said in an email. “There are no trade secrets to understanding American vehicle buyers.”

Meanwhile, Uber is pulling back its incentives for EV use

After long advocating for stronger government policies to speed up EV adoption, Uber did a U-turn this spring and stumped for President Donald Trump’s “Big Beautiful Bill.” This included Chief Executive Officer Dara Khosrowshahi appearing in a White House promotional video for the legislation, which the League of Conservation Voters called “the most anti-environmental bill of all time.” The law slashed clean-energy incentives and is expected to slow EV adoption in the US by about 40% compared to previous projections.

Underscoring the stupidity of all this: new numbers from China on the explosive growth in electric trucks there.

The share of electrics in new truck sales, from 8% in 2024 to 28% by August 2025, has more than tripled as prices have fallen. Electric trucks outsold LNG-powered vehicles in China for five consecutive months this year, according to Commercial Vehicle World.

While electric trucks are two to three times more expensive than diesel ones and cost roughly 18% more than LNG trucks, their higher energy efficiency and lower costs can save owners an estimated 10% to 26% over the vehicle’s lifetime, according to research by Chinese scientists.

“When it comes to heavy trucks, the fleet owners in China are very bottom-line driven,” Doleman said.

Major logistics hubs, including in the Yangtze River Delta, have added dedicated charging stations along key freight routes. Cities like Beijing and Shanghai have built heavy-duty charging hubs along highways that can charge trucks in minutes.

Beyond trucks, the rest of transit. Here’s a fascinating essay from Andrew Beebe on the coming frontiers of electrification:

Another of our companies, Pyka, is flying fully electric aircraft to spray crops and take human pilots out of some of agriculture’s dirtiest and most dangerous work. And Lightship is bringing that same leap forward to RVs, a category once thought incompatible with electrification.

And these are just the visible edge. Electrification is reaching deep into the infrastructure of the modern world, in warehouses, ports, farms, delivery fleets, even the shipping lanes between continents. As more sectors make the switch, the compounding benefits for cost, emissions, and resilience are accelerating.

The best example of the dramatic progress on electrification might come from electric ships. A young company called Fleet Zero is demonstrating how to make the transition. The company was founded by former veteran merchant mariners who realized the current shipping industry is not just dirty with pollution, but dangerous and inefficient for the crews. They saw that the future of shipping wasn’t in slow, incremental decarbonization with costly, volatile fuels like ammonia or methanol. The future is full electrification, from engine room to bridge.

Fleet Zero is following the proven short-haul strategy, starting with nearshore, back-and-forth routes—also known as “drayage” of the sea—to build a multi-billion dollar business before scaling to trans-oceanic vessels. The long-term vision is a world where there are no oil slicks, no diesel off-gas, and no need for twelve people to live and breathe in a poorly ventilated engine room.

+Great video from PBS on the rapid spread of plug-in or balcony solar. We started tracking this on this newsletter about a year ago, and I’d say it’s now safe to say it’s getting pretty close to the mainstream.

+Rapid falls in the price of storage batteries are essentially turning solar power into 24 hour supply—the numbers, says Michelle Lewis, are truly remarkable

As Ember global electricity analyst Kostantsa Rangelova put it, after a 40% drop in battery equipment costs in 2024, the industry is now on track for another major fall in 2025. The economics of battery storage, she said, are “unrecognizable,” and the industry is still adjusting to this new reality.

“Solar is no longer just cheap daytime electricity; now it’s anytime dispatchable electricity. This is a game-changer for countries with fast-growing demand and strong solar resources,” Rangelova added.

+I’m a longtime admirer of Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson, whose new exhibition, Presence, manages to capture a roiling sun in ways that make audiences gasp. A fine profile in the Guardian includes him taling about how art can work to change our perceptions:

He rejects the idea that nature created inside a gallery is fundamentally different to nature outside: “There is no outside and inside. There is only the world. The gallery is inside of what is outside. You don’t step into a gallery to disappear into the void. You go in to see more clearly; to see things which outside are contaminated and politicised and weaponised.”

He despairs for the world, but Eliasson ultimately calls himself a “prisoner of hope” – a phrase used by the late archbishop Desmond Tutu to describe his unwavering faith that good ultimately prevails. He speaks about Indigenous philosophies that view nature as kin, and the movement to grant legal “personhood” rights to natural features such as mountains, rivers and forests. He is heartened by these shifts away from the anthropocentric worldview: “It’s comforting to know people have the capacity to change how they see things.”

+Sharon Lerner at ProPublica has an important report on the EPA’s new project: doubling the amount of formaldehyde we get to breathe. If that sounds bad, well, it is.

Last week, in a highly unusual move, the Environmental Protection Agency embraced that approach in announcing that it is revising an assessment of the health dangers posed by formaldehyde, a widespread pollutant that causes far more cancer than any other chemical in the air. Working on that effort were two of those former industry insiders, who are now top EPA officials.

The proposed revisions to the assessment, released Wednesday, nearly double the amount of formaldehyde considered safe to inhale compared with the version that was finalized in the last weeks of the Biden administration. Even that older assessment significantly underestimated the dangers posed by formaldehyde, a ProPublica investigation published last year found.

Under previous Republican and Democratic administrations, EPA scientists were instructed to assume that chemicals that cause cancer by damaging DNA — the largest group of carcinogens, which includes formaldehyde — pose a “linear” risk, meaning that even small exposures can be dangerous. The agency adopted the approach almost 40 years ago to protect against the multitude of low-level cancer threats the public faces daily. But the industry’s favored method assumes that certain carcinogens pose no risk at lower levels and that the danger should only be considered once exposure reaches a certain threshold.

The Trump administration has already criticized the use of the linear model for calculating the risk of cancer from radiation and could scrap its use in examining other chemicals.

+Congestion pricing in New York City has proven to be…kind of miraculous. New data from the first six months of the project finds

The first quasi-experimental evidence that New York City’s cordon-based congestion pricing policy produced rapid and substantial air-quality improvements. Within just six months of implementation, daily maximum PM 2.5 in the CRZ declined by 22%, controlling for background concentrations, meteorology, and neighborhood demographics. This magnitude exceeds prior evidence from Stockholm, where congestion pricing reduced air pollution by 5–15% between 2006 and 20105, andLondon’s Ultra Low Emission Zone, which achieved about a 7% decline in PM 2.5 citywide between 2019 and 202210 .

The comparatively larger effects in New York likely reflect both the intensity of travel demand and the greater modal flexibility of its commuters, supported by an extensive transit system and multi-modal system.Importantly, the results show that air-quality improvements werenot confined to the tolled zone. We find no evidence of emissions displacement to neighboring areas; instead, the analysis reveals net reductions across the broader metropolitan region. These findings suggest that congestion pricing acts as a system-wide behavioral intervention rather than a geographically bounded one.

+Clare Fieseler has an almost-poignant and really fascinating account of the guy who’s spent the last years effectively spewing misinformation about offshore wind in an effort to kill the industry in America.

Nowadays, David Stevenson seems to have mixed emotions about his achievements. On two of our most recent phone calls, his tenor had changed.

“Well, I think it was the right move,” he said in early fall, referring to the Trump administration’s stop-work order pausing the building of Revolution Wind, which was still in effect when we spoke. “But it is not something I’m going to dance around the table happy about, because there are people that get hurt by this, that are losing their jobs.”

All his efforts have “paid off,” he said. America’s elevated reliance on cheap natural gas — which, when burned, releases fewer carbon emissions than coal — was “better policy” for now. He views gas as an essential bridge fuel until nuclear, geothermal, and solar can be built. But he expressed some “disappointment” that Trump has increasingly gone after solar and wants to now expand coal production.

+Carbon credits have been a grave disappointment bordering on a general scam—but there’s one interesting emerging case where they might work? Anton Delgado, writing in the Washington Post, describes their use in the Philippines to

help pay for phasing out coal use by creating value out of the emissions that would prevent. The funds would then pay to replace fossil fuel equipment with clean energy gear.

Proponents say transition credits could unlock a windfall of investment for the power hungry Asia-Pacific region and speed up Southeast Asia’s transition to renewable energy.

The Rockefeller Foundation designed the transition credits concept to help finance early retirement of coal plants by paying for replacing fossil fuel gear with renewable energy equipment used to keep generating power at the same sites.

Patrick McCully, an energy transition analyst for Reclaim Finance, wrote in a recent report that transition credits would likely repeat failures of the carbon market,” asserting the credits are a “dead end” because the industry hasn’t addressed false promises, inaccurate carbon calculations and other issues.

+As the holidays approach, I raise a glass in your direction, with thanks for all you’ve done for the planet this year. In fact, here’s a California vintner that’s just gone fully solar, with a floating array! As the owner of Nelson Vineyards explained

"Because the system floats on a pond, it does not take a single acre of land out of production. That means our full 1,800 acres can be used solely for what matters most — agriculture and supporting wildlife habitat.”

Thanks for reading. I wish I could say that if you took out a voluntary and modestly priced subscription you’d get a souvenir wine glass, but you won’t.

 
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© 2025 Bill McKibben
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