The only ones that can be justified with no test cases are _, =var, and =find-all, provided their code is perfect.
Everything else should be tested with either =find-some in a test or a sequence of show w/ next
All the ones with things you might not think of (like the occurs check) are listed in the question and they should have test cases that show those things. If a student doesn't have a test case for something (like the occurs check), but does have the right code, and try to explain (in words) why it works (i.e. not just point at the line), then if their explanation is good, accept it. If you think it is good and I don't, then I'll update your peer grade later.
Jay