"Literature" and "Grammar" in Tamil

[Radhakrishna Warrier]

The Tamil word for literature is ilakkiyam (இலக்கியம்). 

The Tamil word for grammar is ilakkaṇam (இலக்கணம்).  

It is believed that ilakkiyam (இலக்கியம்) is from Sanskrit lakṣyam (लक्ष्यम्) meaning goal, target etc., and ilakkaṇam (இலக்கணம்) is from Sanskrit lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्) meaning characteristic features, signs etc.  While loaning these words in the tadbhava form from Sanskrit, why and how did the meanings change so drastically? 

Have the words lakṣyam (लक्ष्यम्) and lakṣaṇam (लक्षणम्) ever been used in Sanskrit in the sense of literature and grammar respectively?

On another note, are there pure Tamil words (i.e., not derived from Sanskrit or other languages) for literature and grammar?

Regards,

Radhakrishna Warrier

[Saroja Bhate]

Yes,very much.पतञ्जलि uses both these words.लक्ष्य means usage and लक्षण, grammar.He further says, लक्ष्यलक्षणे व्याकरणम्। which means ,both, the sutras of grammar and the usage together constitute व्याकरण.

Saroja Bhate

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[Radhakrishna Warrier]

Thank you Saroja ji!

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[Nagaraj Paturi]

Lakshana shaastra is the common word for vyaakarana in most Indian languages. 

At least in Telugu, it is a common usage to use the word lakshana granthamu

Interestingly, the Telugu lakshana granthamus often  include chandas and alankaara shaastra  though emphasis on one of these three components varies in ratio in each of the lakshana granthamus. 

The reason for the inclusion of the other two , chandas and alankaara shaastra is viewed on the basis of the books being kavi shikshaa granthas , poet-training books. 

Tolkaapiam dealing with chandas and alankaara shaastra apart from just the language related grammar aspects may be seen in this background of the function of these books. 

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Nagaraj Paturi

 

Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.

Dean, IndicA

BoS, MIT School of Vedic Sciences, Pune, Maharashtra

BoS Kavikulaguru Kalidasa Sanskrit University, Ramtek, Maharashtra

BoS Veda Vijnana Gurukula, Bengaluru.

Member, Advisory Council, Veda Vijnana Shodha Samsthanam, Bengaluru

Former Senior Professor of Cultural Studies, 

FLAME School of Communication and FLAME School of  Liberal Education, 

Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA.

 

 

 

[Radhakrishna Warrier]

Thank you Nagaraj ji!

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[Rajaram Krishnamurthy]

Why all these; Dravida will speak politics; Tolkappier in the opening verse thanks Panini for following to make tolkappiyam K Rajaram IRS 

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