Etymology of the word "Dampati"

[dashrathlal vedia]

Dear Scholars,

           Yaska has given etymology  as Dampati  Jampati.....I think it would be better to derive this word as "Damasya  patee" proper. Please shed light on this.
Thanks & Regards,

Dr.D.G.Vedia

[subrahmanyam korada]

namo vidvadbhyah

VyAkara.nam --

 ' rAjadantAdi.su param ' (PA.n 2-2-31 ) , PA.nini  read  - bhAryApatI , jAyApatI , jampatI , dampatI  .

JAyA ca patis'ca = dampatI / jampatI / jAyApatI . 'JAyAs'abdasya jam-bhAva.h  dam-bhAvas'ca  nipAtyate   Vikalpatvena.

'abhyarhitatvAt patyu.h pUrvanipAta.h prApta.h ' -- B.rhaccabdendusekhara.h . That means by ' abhyarhitam ca' (VArtikam under 'alpActaram' PA 2-2-34) .


MImAmsA --

 dampatyo.h sahAdhikArAt -- svavatostu vacanAdaikakarmyam syAt , lingadars'nAcca ( Jaimini 6-1-17 , 18 ) - if there are 'dampatI' then both of them combinly have the 'AdhikAra' to perform the Yajna .

If no 'patnI' then , just like - bhI.sma , ka.nva and VibhA.n.daka , only 'puru.sa' will have AdhikAra .

If no 'pati' then 'strI' only would have AdhikAra to perform Yajna - says Jaimini .

SvargakAmo yajeta --

PUrvapak.sa.h -- lingavis'e.sanirdes'At pumyuktam aitis'Ayana.h (Jaim 6-1-6) .

SiddhAnta.h -- jAtim tu bAdarAya.no'vis'e.sAt tasmAt stryapi pratIyeta jAtyarthasya avis'i.s.tatvAt (Jai 6-1-8) .

dhanyo'smi

2011/2/15 dashrathlal vedia <d.g....@gmail.com>

--
अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)

--
Prof.Korada Subrahmanyam
Professor of Sanskrit,
CALTS,
University of Hyderabad 500046
Ph:09866110741(R),91-40-23010741,040-23133660(O)

[dashrathlal vedia]

Dear Scholar,

My problem is that when there is word 'Dama for house why one should derive the word " Dampati' through 'Jampati.....Please clarify this problem puzzling me.

with best regards,

Dr.D.G.Vedia

2011/2/17 subrahmanyam korada <kora...@gmail.com>

--
Thanks & Regards,

Dr.D.G.Vedia

[hnbhat B.R.]

It was simply considered as sysnonym of wife and husband, couples as found in usage and noted in lexicons of classical Sanskrit as noted by AmaraSimha:

2.6.38 दंपती  जंपती जायापती भार्यापती च तौ

The same tradition was followed for grammatical analysis by grammarians and even though दम has got the meaning of house, it was not seen recorded in the meaning of "two house holders" as given by Monier Williams. This meaning can be the same as used in Vedic occurences, if any deviating in sense. Generally used in duel everywhere in the sense of couple.(generalization of the meaning, leaving house and wife specific meaning apart). Here is the concordance with the vedic usage of the word in duel in respect of Asvins, (for which the meaning damasya pati = house holder) is given. In classical language, it is used in the sense of couples and accordingly the द्वन्द्व compound has been explained by Panini to suit the  meaning in the classical language.

 (H3) दम्--पति [p= 469,2][L=90248]m. (द्/अम्-) (= Î´ÎµÏƒ- the lord of the house (अग्नि , इन्द्र , the अश्विन्s) , i ; ii , 39 , 2 (cf. Pa1n2. 1-1 , 11 1 Ka1s3. ) ; v , viii
> [L=90248.1](ई) du. (g. राजदन्ता*दि , the comp. taken as a द्वंद्व and दम् in the sense of " wife ") , " the two masters " , husband and wife v , viii , x AV. Gobh. &c (said of birds VarBr2S. vc Hit. )
> (H1) दम्-पति [p= 469,3][L=90317]» 2. द्/अम्
> (H2) दम्-पति [p= 1328,3][L=333350](accord. to some = "lord, master", fr. √दंस् + प्° [cf. दन् above] ; ई, du., "master and mistress").
>

Here are the other references for the word दम्पति - RV.10.162.4b; AVS´.20.96.14b; AVP.7.11.5b; 

MG.2.18.2b.

The others are later Dharmasastra texts and the first one is the basis of Monier Williams explanation for deriving it from dama+pati meaning householders.

 

Hope this would be helpful for your further enquiry. And it was simply included by Panini's classification under the द्वन्द्व compound following its classical usage for which Prof. Korada has provided support for both the interpretations. Even if the meaning of householder is to be explained by the same word outside grammar or Dharmashastra. as can be seen in the occurrences in the Bloomfield's concordance given above. For history, you can refer to the original sources provided by the list. For classical usage, there are many, but only for the meaning of householders, a special query may be needed going through all the occurrences. As per the texts, in Digital Sanskrit corpus it is used in duel only and the meaning in each occurrence can be checked online from the database with context.

--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY

[subrahmanyam korada]

namo vidvadbhyah

A couple of  observations --

'noted in lexicons' - 'was followed by grammarians' -- I think that it should be the other way round -- first Vyakaranam and then Kos'a .

dual rather than duel (dvandvayuddha) .

I missed to offer the example from Yajurveda - Ara.nyaka (Aru.nam) - dampatI eva bhavata.h , tayoretau vatsAvahorAtre .

Avyayakos'a registers (420) -- dame (cAdi), g.rhArthakamidam avyayam vede.su prasiddham , udAhara.nam  m.rgyam  .

dhanyo'smi

2011/2/19 hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com>

--

अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)

[hnbhat B.R.]

Thank you for your observation.
"वर्ध॑मानम् स्वे दमे ।" = (१.१.८)
गो॒पा ऋ॒तस्य॑ दीदिहि॒ स्वे दमे॑ ...(3.010.02a)
स्व आ दमे सुदुधा यस्य धेनुः स्वधां पीपाय सुभ्व‌न्नमत्ति |
सो अपां नपादूर्जय‌न्नप्स्व 1न्तर्वसुदेयाय विधते वि भाति ||
 (2|35|7||)

In all the three above instances, the word is interpreted as house or abode and followed preceded by the स्वे in one's own. And its usage, except the ones cited in Vedic texts, in the sense of house, in classical language, is to be looked for. Anyhow, it cannot be a "dvandva" compound (as noted in the राजदन्तादि group, in the sense of the two masters of house, but दमस्य पत्यौ, a "tatpurusha" compound with the substitution of दम् for the word दम not recognized by grammar. 

This was the purpose of the query raised by the member. Why not the word "दम्पती" cannot be derived from the word "दम" with the meaning as two masters of the house, i.e. husband and wife as recorded in the lexicon (modern) cited in my post. Any answer from Paninian grammar for the question raised? It can be a case of archaic usage Vedic occurrences, (if the case demands obligatorily such a meaning) as the two masters of the house = husband and wife, it can be sanctioned as छान्दस, unless a singular form for it in classical language as दमस्य पतिः = दमपतिः, or दम्पतिः is attested. In respect of the meaning too this holds good.  

More light in this respect is solicited.

Sorry for the inadvertent usage of duel for dual.

With regards

[subrahmanyam korada]

namo vidvadbhyah

the quotations you offered vouch to the fact that the entry in Avyayakos'a , i.e. dame , is not correct . Nor is there  any entry 'dame' in PA.nini's 'cAdiga.na' .

There cannot be two Patis for a house , but since MImAmsA  rules that both  have equal AdhikAra (dampatyoh sahAdhikArAt - 6 adhyAya) , combinely  dampatI are the 'pati' .

PA.nini says -- g.rhapatinA samyukte n^ya.h (4-4-90) - gArhapatya (one of TretAgnis)  - it means there will be a single 'pati' for the g.rha  - in other words 'dampatI' are considered as a 'pati' of the house .

Even if we take (apart from the MImAmsA  I quoted ) Kalpa(G.rhya) -- 'dharmArthakAme.su tvayA e.sA nAticaritavyA' (Purohita) -- nAticarAmi (Vara) -- in PA.nigraha.na . Both of them have a collective 'adhikAratva' .

Mlecchas have the habit of offering 'pocket money' to wife( which  insinuates that husband is the owner of money etc) they may think there are two ( or even more) patis to a house .

dhanyo'smi

2011/2/22 hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com>

--

अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)

[hnbhat B.R.]

(2-8-3 8-102-11) दमेषु इत्यपि बहुवचने वैदिकः प्रयोगः। द्

1-127-8 विश्वासां त्वा विशां पतिं हवामहे सर्वासां समानं दम्पतिं

इत्यत्र दमस्य पतिम् गृहस्य पालकम्, इति 

तं तवा सुशिप्र दम्पते सतोमैर वर्धन्त्य अत्रयो गीर्भिः शुम्भन्त्य अत्रयः || (5: 22-4)

(8:69-16) आ तू सुशिप्र दम्पते रथं 

(8: 84.7)

कस्य नूनं परीणसो धियो जिन्वसि दम्पते |

इत्यादिषु च, गृहस्य पतिरिति व्याख्याय, दम्भावश्छान्दस इति व्याखातमाचार्यैः। 

भाषायां तु दमशब्दस्याभाव एव पत्यर्थकस्येति मन्ये। अव्ययकोशकाराणां निघण्टौ गृहनामसु "अमा दमे कृत्तिः" इति (३.८) इति दर्शनात् अव्ययत्वेन परिगणनं स्यात्, अमा-साहचर्यात्।

दमेषु इति सप्तम्यन्तस्य प्रदर्शनात् तथात्वं सन्दिग्धमेव। गृहेषु इत्येव व्याख्यानाच्च। सर्वथा गृहार्थस्यास्य शब्दस्य वैदिक एव प्रयोगः साधीयान् पक्ष इति भाति। न लोके इति च।

धन्यवादाः।

[Dr ramanath]

What is sysnonym?

On Feb 19, 3:08 am, "hnbhat B.R." <hnbha...@gmail.com> wrote:
> It was simply considered as sysnonym of wife and husband, couples as found
> in usage and noted in lexicons of classical Sanskrit as noted by AmaraSimha:
>

> 2.6.38 **दंपती  जंपती *जायापती* भार्यापती च तौ

> The same tradition was followed for grammatical analysis by grammarians and
> even though दम has got the meaning of house, it was not seen recorded in the
> meaning of "two house holders" as given by Monier Williams. This meaning can
> be the same as used in Vedic occurences, if any deviating in sense.
> Generally used in duel everywhere in the sense of couple.(generalization of
> the meaning, leaving house and wife specific meaning apart). Here is the
> concordance with the vedic usage of the word in duel in respect of Asvins,
> (for which the meaning damasya pati = house holder) is given. In classical
> language, it is used in the sense of couples and accordingly the द्वन्द्व
> compound has been explained by Panini to suit the  meaning in the classical
> language.
>
>  (H3) दम्--पति [p= 469,2][L=90248]m. (द्/अम्-) (= δεσ- the lord of the
>
> > house (अग्नि , इन्द्र , the अश्विन्s) , i ; ii , 39 , 2 (cf. Pa1n2. 1-1 , 11
> > 1 Ka1s3. ) ; v , viii
> > > [L=90248.1](ई) du. (g. राजदन्ता*दि , the comp. taken as
> > a द्वंद्व and दम् in the sense of " wife ") , " the two masters " , husband
> > and wife v , viii , x AV. Gobh. &c (said of birds VarBr2S. vc Hit. )
> > > (H1) दम्-पति [p= 469,3][L=90317]» 2. द्/अम्
> > > (H2) दम्-पति [p= 1328,3][L=333350](accord. to some = "lord,
> > master", fr. √दंस् + प्° [cf. दन् above] ; ई, du., "master and mistress").
>
> Here are the other references for the word दम्पति - RV.10.162.4b;

> AVS´.20.96.14b; *AVP.7.11.5b;*

[hnbhat B.R.]

2011/2/23 Dr ramanath <rnpm...@gmail.com>

What is sysnonym?

The discussion is about the etymology of the compound word "दम्पती" in the masculine gender dual and the word is considered as synonym of जायापती. So in the other compound too the word जाया is considered as substituted by दम् + in compound with the same word पति as already explained by Dr. Subrahmanyam Korada:

JAyA ca patis'ca = dampatI / jampatI / jAyApatI . 'JAyAs'abdasya jam-bhAva.h  dam-bhAvas'ca  nipAtyate   Vikalpatvena.

Both jaM and daM are considered the synonyms for the word जाया. Monier Williams takes it as substitution for the word दम which means wife in this case (specially noted) as can be seen in the portion quoted from the Dictionary. That was to point for discussion why it could not be derived from दम itself  in compound being substituted by दम् with पति meaning two masters of the house.

[subrahmanyam korada]

namo vidvadbhyah

If we say that 'dam' and 'jam' are synonyms it means differently -- they are independent words and can be used as replacement to 'jaya'
just like 'amarA nirjarA devA.h' .

-- jam and dam are just substitutes if and only if - the word jayA' is followed by the word 'pati' in a DvandvasamAsa .

They are not synonyms , i.e. cannot be employed independently or in any other context .

This is what is meant by 'dambhAva' and 'jambhAva'  (untranslatable ) .

The conclusion is that a S'astra has to be learnt / discussed face to face and translation is not cent per cent authoritative .

dhanyo'smi

2011/2/24 hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com>

--

अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)

[subrahmanyam korada]

namo vidvadbhyah

It should be 'jAyA' (not 'jaya' or 'jayA) and 'S'Astra'  in the earlier posting . Sorry for  the inconvenience . The letter 'A' on my computer is not responding fast . I should be careful .

dahnyo'smi

2011/2/24 subrahmanyam korada <kora...@gmail.com>

[S. Kalyanaraman]

This is the ऋक: 

यस त ऊरू विहरत्य अंतरा दम्पती शये 

योनिम यो अन्तर आरेळ  हि तम इतो नाशयामसि   

May we exterminate from hence (the evil spirit)l  who separates your things, who lies between husband and wife, who, entering your womb, devours (the seed). (RV 10.162.4)

k

2011/2/19 hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com>

--