Infinity Symbol

[Ashish Sharma]

Dear Leraned Scholars and Guruvars

Pranaam to all of You

I am searching for a Symbol of infinity in anciend Indian Manuscripts. 

Unable to find that what was the symbol for infinity in ancient mathematics.

Please suggest me your opinion.

Regards

Ashish Sharma

[Ashish Sharma]

Dear All

Im still waiting for reply.

Anyone can suggest that what was the symbol of infinity in ancient indian manuscripts?

Regards

Ashish Sharma

--
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)
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[sunil bhattacharjya]

There is one symbol, which is expressed as Shunya, and it is more likely to be misunderstood than otherwise. Shunya represents infinity or the infinitely expanded state.  Anything expanded to infinity cannot be observed though it does not become non-existent. That is also the reason the infinite (sarva-vyaapak) Lord Vishnu is also called Shunya. Lord Buddha gave one example to make people understand what Shunya is. Take a glass of water and let it evaporate. The water disappperas but it does not become non-existenct.

Hope this helps.

[Dipak Bhattacharya]

mahat meant the theoretically highest or biggest but, as far as my knowledge goes, it did not gain any mathematical symbol. The same holds good for infinitesimal conceived as a.nu

Best

DB.

[Hnbhat B.R.]

८३५ अणुः ८३६ बृहत् ८३७ कृशः ८३८ स्थूलः ८३९ गुणभृत् ८४० निर्गुणः ८४१ महान् ।

It is not any word that denotes infinity, that Ashrish has asked, but
about the mathematical symbol for infinity in our ancient scriptures.

And in scripture, you may find many other expressions for infinity,
अनन्तः , अनादिः, etc. are all relative terms.

अणोरणीयान् महतो महीयान् - कठ १X२x२0

is another expresson.

[Hnbhat B.R.]

Sorry. He was looking for the symbol in ancient manuscripts, and not
in any written ancient text.

[Mamata Dash]

Actually they were not using any symbol for the numerical ones. They were using the BhUtasaMkhyAs and the katapayadi. there were no use of symbols as such.

[Ajit Gargeshwari]

I don't think any ancient texts knew Infinity as a modern mathematical concept we understand today.

In mathematics, infinity is the conceptual expression of such a "numberless" number. It is often symbolized by the lemniscate (also known as the lemniscate of Bernoulli ), which looks something like the numeral 8 written sideways ( ).

In a metaphysical discussion of God or the Absolute, there are questions of whether an ultimate entity must be infinite and whether lesser things could be infinite as well

Regards
Ajit Gargeshwari
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।।2.20।।

[Dipak Bhattacharya]

<It is not any word that denotes infinity, that Ashrish has asked, but about the mathematical symbol for infinity in our ancient scriptures.>

That it is not mathematical was stated in my mail. But since mahattara and a.nutara are non-entities they come mean biggest that is infinite and smallest that is infinitesimal without mathematical connotation

Best

DB

[Nagaraj Paturi]

I don't think any ancient texts knew Infinity as a modern mathematical concept we understand today

 

--------- Please go through the discussions on transfinite series, transfinite numbers etc. from the point of view of contribution of Jain mathematicians to these concepts. There is a discussion of various kinds of infinity in Jain Mathematics, distinction between asamkhyaata and ananta in Jain mathematics and many other related ideas in the websites such as :

 

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=c-xT0KNJp0cC&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=Jain+mathematics+transfinite+series&source=bl&ots=oZJ9klFkzw&sig=fhaOo_e4LYmc3v1Bpj6Q9Pl2dYQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sDneVJuRKo2QuASF_oCQCA&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Jain%20mathematics%20transfinite%20series&f=false

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=c-xT0KNJp0cC&pg=PA351&lpg=PA351&dq=Jain+mathematics+transfinite+series&source=bl&ots=oZJ9klFkzw&sig=fhaOo_e4LYmc3v1Bpj6Q9Pl2dYQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sDneVJuRKo2QuASF_oCQCA&ved=0CD8Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=Jain%20mathematics%20transfinite%20series&f=false

http://www.jainworld.com/science/mathephysics2.asp

http://www.infinityfoundation.com/mandala/t_es/t_es_agraw_jaina_frameset.htm

https://books.google.co.in/books?id=MdgnAiDFSLUC&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=Jain+mathematics+transfinite+series&source=bl&ots=R8z8Ccq-Mj&sig=O3-zhVkoipi_O6OSayEqJRcv1pA&hl=en&sa=X&ei=sDneVJuRKo2QuASF_oCQCA&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=Jain%20mathematics%20transfinite%20series&f=false

http://hindugenius.blogspot.in/2011/02/hindu-contribution-to-mathematics.html

http://www.reference.com/browse/transfinite+number

 

--
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)

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Prof.Nagaraj Paturi

Hyderabad-500044

[Nagaraj Paturi]

http://www.ms.uky.edu/~sohum/ma330/files/Infinity_in_india.pdf

also covers this.

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Prof.Nagaraj Paturi

Hyderabad-500044

[Ajit Gargeshwari]

All these texts hints at concepts that Indians mathematics was ahead of its times, but no where one sees the infinity as a modern mathematician will use that's what i said earlier If  Indians knew Infinity as we knew it now its good

Regards
Ajit Gargeshwari
न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।।2.20।।

[Mandyam D Srinivas]

Īśopanişad on Pūrņa

The Śāntimantra of Īśopanişad talks of the Infinite, Pūrņa: When pūrņa is taken out of pūrņa, what remains is also pūrņa.

 

      पूर्णमदः पूर्णमिदं पूर्णात्पूर्णमुदच्यते ।

      पूर्णस्य पूर्णमादाय पूर्णमेवावशिष्यते ।।

Bhāskarācārya on Khahara

Bhàskaràcàrya II (c.1150), while discussing the mathematics of zero in Bījagaņita, explains that the infinity (ananta-rāśi) which results when some number is divided by zero is called khahara. He also mentions the characteristic property of infinity that it is unaltered even if many are added to or taken away from it, in terms similar to the invocatory verse of Īśopanişad.

 

खहरो भवेत् खेनभक्तश्च राशिः ।।

द्विघ्नं त्रिहृत् खं खहृतं त्रयं च ।

शून्यस्य वर्गं वद मे पदं च ।।...

अयमनन्तो ३/० राशिः खहरः इत्युच्यते ।

अस्मिन्विकारः खहरे न राशावपि प्रविष्टेष्वपि निःसृतेषु ।

बहुष्वपिस्याल्लयसृष्टिकालेऽनन्तेऽच्युते भूतगणेषु यद्वत् ।।

                [बीजगणितम् १४-१६ वासना]

 

A quantity divided by zero becomes khahara.

Tell me … three divided by zero … This infinite (ananta) quantity 3/0 is called khahara.

In this quantity khahara there is no alteration even if many are added or taken out, just as there is no alteration in the Infinite (ananta) Infallible (acyuta) [Brahman] even though many groups of beings enter in or emanate from [It] at times of dissolution and creation.

There is no parallel discussion in modern mathematics till recent centguries

M D Srinivas

[Nagaraj Paturi]

 All these documents are centred around the mathematical concept of infinity only and the discussion in all the documents is in comparison to the modern mathematical concept of infinity only.

 

There is a deeper discussion on notions such as innumerability , enumerable, multiple dimensions of infinity etc.

 

Prof.  Avinash Sathaye's pdf link discusses non-Jain sources while the remaining are about Jain sources.

 

The fresh one from Vidwan MD Srinivas also confirms the point.

 

 

On Sat, Feb 14, 2015 at 2:34 AM, Ajit Gargeshwari <ajit.gar...@gmail.com> wrote:

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Prof.Nagaraj Paturi

Hyderabad-500044