Re: {भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत्} Tatparya, Abhidha, Lakshana and Vyanjana - reg

[hn bhat]

Dear all,

I have translated my posting into English with some modification making good some laps in the Sanskrit posting.  Though my translation would not serve a good analysis of the scene of Tatparya as function of word, or the intention of the speaker according to different schools of Indian thinkers, I have tried to give a brief outline mainly based on the writers in poetics. 

Some raised a doubt whether Abhinavagupta had accepted T ātparya  or not is doubtful.

 Trayo hy atra vyāpārāḥ saṃbhāvyante - padārtheṣusāmānyātmasu abhidhāvyāpāraḥ,

sāmmānyāpekṣayā arthāvagamanaśaktir hyabhidhā| samayaśca tāvatyeva na viśeṣāṁśe| ..........

 tato viśeṣarūpe vākyārthe tātparyaśaktiḥ parasparānvite sāmānyānyathāsiddherviśeṣaṁ gamayanti hi iti nyāyāt

 ........... ...................... 

bhaktirhi lakṣaṇāvyāpārastṛtīyakakṣyāniveśī ......  ..

 caturthyāṁ tu kakṣyāyāṁ dhvananavyāpāraḥ

(Locana p.16 )

The above extract from Locana would make clear his opinion on it. Since the translation ran into 5 pages in word document, I am attaching it here to this message.

Sorry for the convenience

Among the corrections, I have to request to read PrabhakaraaNaam suppressed in the 1st paragraph, as it does not relate to Abhihitaanvayavadinaam. But to the next Anvitaabhidhaanavadinaye. in the sanskrit portion. Among other omissions, the word VaniiShu is missing in the quotation from Dhvanyaloka, and vapuShi svadate is the correction in the quotation from Bhoja.

t

2009/10/27 gira...@juno.com <gira...@juno.com>

October 27, 2009

 Respected Scholars, Namaskar!

Could you please translate postings on Abhidhaa, Lakshana, Vyanjana and Tatparya in English please, although I understand Sanskrit? Your English translation may help other scholars of this list also. Thanks. N.R.Joshi.

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[subrahmanyam korada]

Dear Bhattamahodaya

 

The three Vrttis are popular , Abhidhaa denotes vacyaartha (pimary meaning), Laksanaa lakhyaarta

(secondary meaning)and Vyanjanaa  vyangyaarta (suggested meaning).

 

Sarvatraiva hi vaakyaarthah lakshya eveti nah sthitih (Vaakyaadhikaranam - Slokavaartikam of Kumaarila)

 --- Mimamsakas-- Hari refutes this in Vaakyakaanda of Vakyapadiyam - asaabdo yadi vaakyaarthah padaarth'pi

tathaa bhavet .

 

Under 'pumyogaadaakhyaayaam'(panini 4-1-48) Patanjali --  naavasyam ayamevaabhisambandho bhavati

tasyedamiti kintu tanmualakah so'yamityapyabhisambandho asti , caturbhih prakaaraih atasmin sa ityetadbhavati

-- taatsthyaat, taaddharmyaat, tatsaamiipyaat, tatsaahacaryaat -- mancaa hasanti, simho maanavakah,gangaayaam ghosah, yastiih pravesaya.

 

Gotama  had   the following sutra -- sahacarana-sthaana-taadarthya-vrtta-maana-dhaarana-saamiipya-yoga-

saadhana- aadhipatyebhyo  braahmana-baala-kata-raaja-saktu-candana-gangaa-sakata-anna-purusesvatadbhaave'pi tadupacaara it.

Yastiih pravesaya,mancaah krosanti etc. are examples.

 

Vyanjanaa is also acceptable to Vaiyakaranas- please refer to Manjusa of Nagesa.

 

There are TWO (not one) Vyangyarthas alongwith one Vacyartha to the verse -- 'Maa nisaada pratisthaam tvam'.

 

Tat = vaakyaarthah, tasmin paraah aasaktaah tatparaah, tesaam bhaavah taatparyam (bhaave syan by 'gunava-

canabraahmanaadibhyah karmani ca - Paanini 5-1-124). Taatparyam = purport or import.

 

Taatparyaartho'pi kesucit - is Kavyaprakasa.

 

Here is Manjusa -  taatparyanirnayopayogasstu tajjnaane praamaanyaniscayadvaaraa pravrttau kvacidanekapadaarthasya anvayayogyatve kasyaadhyaarah ityatra ceti bohyam.

 

Samyoga,viprayoga etc(Vakyakanda of Vakyapdiyam, Tantrayuktis(32or36 or 40) in Arthasastram (15th adhikaranam) ,  Carakasamhita (Siddhisthaanam,40) and Susrutasamhita(Uttaratantram, 65-4) are useful

indeciding the purport.

 

Due to inherent Pratibhaa even a small boy understands the purport of a sentence like - 'kaakebhyo dadhi rakhyataam'

i.e. let the curd be protected from any agent that is going to spoil the curd (Vakyapadiyam, 2-321).

 

Thank you

--
Prof.Korada Subrahmanyam
Professor of Sanskrit,
CALTS,
University of Hyderabad 500046
Ph:09866110741(R),91-40-23010741,040-23133660(O)