It's worth being aware that the themes we provide only specify colours for the default categories (i.e., the categories of the blocks that we provide in the library of block definitions loaded by import 'blockly/blocks', and so if you are creating additional categories of blocks you will need to choose additional colours for your own categories, which might in turn cause you to reconsider the colours for the default categories.
This is one of the main reasons why we are planning to deprecate Blockly's theme system (and instead support setting per-category colours via CSS)—though we will still provide in our documentation lists of the actual colour values for each of the existing themes, since we believe they are fairly well chosen.
Very broadly I would suggest that if you want to pick your own colours—including ones for additional categories, if you are using one of our themes—that you do some reading about best practices in the use of colour in user interfaces, consult with someone who has expertise in visual accessibility, and/or use a colour blindness simulator to evaluate your colour choices.
Best wishes,
Christopher