In part 4 of my how-to series, I spoke about mixing various audio sources together. In this one I will describe how to mix your various video signals together with the mixed audio to produce a final product.
During the first episode of Week In Review, we had spent too much money on needed audio and video equipment that we were broke. But by our second episode we had enough capital to purchase the Home version of VidBlaster.
Our upgrade plan is pretty easy to guess. The Professional Edition of VidBlaster increases the module limit to 25 and with these additional modules we will be changing the configuration and adding new modules.
At this point you have all the tools to produce videos and broadcast them LIVE for less than $700 + tax. From this point forward we will focus in on hosting services (parts 6, 7 and 10), as well as post production (part 8 and 9) and lastly publicizing your new show online using social networking tools (part 11).
After yet another dose of online research I discovered that an audio mixer was required in order to inject audio from multiple sources into my VidBlaster video mixer software. This meant a trip to my local audio shop for some physical research. Based on my previous research I knew I had to ask for a mixer that supported 2 mic inputs (mono) and 3 Line inputs (stereo). My local shop pointed me to the mixer display room and pointed me at the 5 channel mixers. I asked a few simple questions and quickly discovered he knew less than nothing on mixers and I was on my own. After a while of looking around I came across the Xenyx 1002B 5-Channel compact mixer for only $108. Hashing it out in my head I realized this will perfectly fit my needs.
Once I got it home I set about calculating the wiring I would need to get everything hooked up. Visio helped me draw the mixer out and calculate my wiring needs. According to the diagram and looking at my hardware I determined I would need the following wires which were reasonably priced at my local RadioShack:
It is hard to determine an upgrade path to this device. The cost of audio mixers allowed me to choose one that would perfectly suit my needs and provide plenty of room to grow. For example, if I were to have a 3rd in-studio guest, I would only need to purchase a 3rd microphone and cable. If a 4th were to arrive, a 4th mic/cable and I could push the computer signal over to where the MP3 player is.
Here is an image of my first test. It was directly being compared to an old webcam I was using before and demonstrates the higher quality of the broadcasted image. Click it to view it larger and see the clarity the LifeCam Cinema provides over my older HP standard definition webcam.
During my research I discovered many options available for supplying the video I want. Some were much pricier than the option I chose, however some of these are in my upgrade plans if the show takes off.
Working out what you need in order to set up for live video production can be quite a daunting task, not to mention the operational techniques that will be required to use it. What I mean by "live video production" is any sort of live transmission (typically over the internet these days), or video recording, that comprises more than a single source. In other words, anything that goes beyond recording direct onto a camera, or transmitting the direct output of a single camera. The "live" element is the switching and combining of multiple feeds, either from cameras, pre-recorded video playback, text-based captions, graphics & computer output and other remote feeds. At one time this would have required a fully-manned purpose-built TV studio or Outside Broadcast unit, but these days the entry-level hardware requirements are far more modest, and a surprising amount can be achieved by a single operator.
Hardware will usually only do what it does when you buy it, so the argument goes, but software is far more more versatile and can be continually updated to provide improved features. Computers have changed the face of broadcasting in so many ways, and the benefits have certainly filtered down to all levels of video production, giving lower-budget users functionality that was once the exclusive domain of the TV networks. But it would be a mistake to think that computers are the answer to everything production-related, and that it's just a matter of finding the right app. Handling multiple streams of video in real-time, particularly at HD resolutions and frame rates, is not something you should expect to do on every laptop (yet), for example, and is one reason why there is still a place for some dedicated hardware. Off-loading the tasks which require the most "brute-force" to external hardware will leave the computer with more resources to do the things it's good at, one of which is providing a highly customisable work surface from which to control everything. But that in itself is another reason why there's still a place for hardware. There's only so much that can be done with one pair of hands using a keyboard and a mouse, or even a touch-screen. And not every task lends itself to these sorts of controls.
Live audio mixing is a prime example of something for which hardware still offers a very effective solution. A row of sliding faders offers a tactile multi-finger user interface which is hard to beat at a practical level. Also, audio equipment generally is now at a fairly mature stage in it's development, with the possible exception of radio transceiver units, and any investment in things like good quality microphones, headphones and mixers is unlikely result in the same sort of rapid obsolescence as experienced with other electronic items like computers, phones, TVs and cameras. As such, buying used equipment is a perfectly viable option, and most of my personal professional audio kit was either bought new 20+ years ago, or has been bought as used items (mainly from ebay) more recently.
After finally receiving my ATEM Television Studio, I can happily report that the above cable from monoprice works fine to deliver the sound from the RCA digital out on the SRC2496 to the BNC in on the ATEM Television Studio in the AES/EBU format.
1.Do you have any problems with audio delay when coming into the video switcher (Via SRC2496/cable connector)? If yes, how are you dealing with this? I watched studiotechtv on youtube and Mark was using a
Behringer FBQ 100 Shark Feed Back to solve audio delay problems.
1. The question is not whether you will have audio delay and video delay; you will. The right question is how much delay, and how well they match up. In most circumstances, video delay will be greater than audio delay, since the data that needs to be processed is much, much greater.
As we mentioned, video streaming software implies running a program on your computer to stream video. A software-based live streaming setup consists of the streaming application installed on a computer, the audio and video sources, and some capture cards to capture the signals. There is a wide variety of live streaming software available. Some of it is free, some is paid, some can do and handle a lot, and some is more basic.
If we are talking about the most basic streaming software features, then we are talking about the ability to encode and stream a single stream with one or two audio/video inputs and perhaps some basic switching between the inputs. If we are talking about the top-tier programs on the other hand, then we are also talking about features like ability to combine video inputs from multiple angles, creating on-air animated graphics, slow-motion instant replays, green screen talking heads in the lower thirds, and much more. The level of streaming software sophistication is determined by such parameters as:
The beauty of streaming software is in the high customization capabilities, in terms of both quality and content. Advanced streaming software is capable of streaming great, smooth, visually-enhanced, high-quality picture. However, the output quality of streaming software is largely limited by the hardware (in this case, computer) it is running on.
There are quite a few things to keep in mind when using streaming software. First off, with a software-based setup, you are relying heavily on your computer to not freeze, crash, update suddenly, or any of the other myriad issues that can arise, especially on Windows computers.
Moreover, not every streaming software and operating system are compatible. For example, software like vMix, VIDBlaster, and XSplit are not compatible with Mac OS. Be sure to check for compatibility before investing in software.
Streaming hardware implies a dedicated appliance designed specifically for live streaming video. In a hardware setup, the video and audio sources are connected directly to the appliance where they are processed and encoded locally. Inside, streaming hardware contains its own CPU, video processing components, and special software to perform the same tasks as streaming software does on a computer.
Think of streaming hardware having a very narrow specialty. While software can run on a computer that can do many different things, streaming hardware was designed with one very specific goal in mind: to stream live video. All the components have been intentionally picked out and the software was customized and rigorously tested to ensure the best live streaming experience possible.
Again, everything depends on the live streaming needs. Prices for hardware encoders can vary from a few hundred to thousands of dollars, starting with a small one-camera input $300 encoder, that streams only to YouTube or Facebook Live, to $10,000+ professional grade all-in-one 4K video production studio, that is able to mix, record and encode a dozen video inputs and stream to multiple CDNs.
Since live streaming hardware like Pearl is designed for exactly that, no additional frame grabber cards, switchers, or computing power is necessary. In fact, if set up properly in advance, encoders are able to start streaming all by themselves with a single push of a button. A computer or tablet may be used to set up and monitor the stream. All these devices need is power, a network (Ethernet or Wi-Fi connection), and correctly plugged-in AV input sources.
Compatibility is a not an issue with hardware encoders as they run independently from computers and their operating systems.