Fw: F18News: Tajikistan - Religious communities forced to pay for state human rights violations
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Dilshod Azimov
Jan 14, 2011, 12:18:15 AM1/14/11
to Esfandiyar Azarmehr, Dariush Rajabian, Shamsiya Kasymova, Blago Verie
FYI and further consideration.
Dilshod Azimov LL.M (Bremen)
Bests,
--Dilshod Azimov LL.M (Bremen)
----- Forwarded Message ----
From: Forum 18 <f18-new...@forum18.org>
To: f18news...@forum18.org
Sent: Thu, January 13, 2011 2:47:39 AM
Subject: F18News: Tajikistan - Religious communities forced to pay for state human rights violations
FORUM 18 NEWS SERVICE, Oslo, Norway
http://www.forum18.org/
The right to believe, to worship and witness
The right to change one's belief or religion
The right to join together and express one's belief
=================================================
Wednesday 12 January 2011
TAJIKISTAN: RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES FORCED TO PAY FOR STATE HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS
Tajikistan charges religious communities high prices for censorship which
violates the internationally recognised human rights to freedom of
expression and freedom of religion or belief, Forum 18 News Service has
found. An Imam of an officially registered mosque, who wished to remain
anonymous for fear of state reprisals, told Forum 18 that he is confident
he will receive Religious Affairs Committee permission to print books. But
he is "surprised" that charges are imposed. "We cannot afford to pay these
charges to print books", he lamented. "We do not earn much", he observed.
The Hare Krishna community have found that "even our main sacred book, the
Bhagavad Gita", must be censored. "And it is going to be very expensive for
us", Dilorom Kurbanova complained. The state Religious Affairs Committee
refuses to make public how much it charges for censorship. Numbers of
imported books are restricted. It is also uncertain whether communities
will be fined for already having or using uncensored literature, and what
will happen to confiscated literature.
TAJIKISTAN: RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES FORCED TO PAY FOR STATE HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS
By Mushfig Bayram, Forum 18 News Service <http://www.forum18.org>
As well as running a highly restrictive religious censorship regime,
Tajikistan is also forcing religious communities to pay for censorship of
their literature and other material, various religious communities have
told Forum 18 News Service. They have complained that the numbers of books
they can import is restricted and that charges for the censorship - which
itself violates the country's human rights commitments - are very high. The
state's Religious Affairs Committee, which carries out the censorship under
the name 'expert analysis', often takes longer than the law allows for
censorship. Religious communities are also left unsure whether they will be
fined for already having or using uncensored literature, and what will
happen to confiscated literature denied a state license.
It is unclear what 'expertise' the Committee has available for its 'expert
analyses'.
According to the Religion Law, only officially registered religious
organisations and their members may import, export, produce, sell and
distribute religious literature or items of a religious nature - and they
may do this only if they have specific permission for each item from the
Religious Affairs Committee. Heavy fines have been introduced for breaking
the censorship regime (see F18News 11 January
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1528>).
Officials have been insistent that they would stop all unregistered
religious activity - without any exceptions - and were imposing extra-legal
controls on the religious communities they registered. However, the
authorities appear to have currently ceased - at least temporarily - trying
to stop unregistered activity, with the exceptions of the banned Jehovah's
Witness community and Muslims associated with the Islamic Revival Party
(see F18News 15 November 2010
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1511>).
High payments for state denial of freedoms of religion, belief & expression
An Imam of an officially registered mosque in Khujand [Khojand] in northern
Tajikistan, who wished to remain anonymous for fear of state reprisals,
told Forum 18 on 11 January that he is confident he will receive Religious
Affairs Committee permission to print books. But he is "surprised" that
charges are imposed. "We cannot afford to pay these charges to print
books", he lamented. "We do not earn much", he observed.
"Even our main sacred book, the Bhagavad Gita", must be submitted to the
Religious Affairs Committee for 'expert analysis', Dilorom Kurbanova of the
country's Hare Krishna Commune told Forum 18 on 7 January. "And it is going
to be expensive for us," she complained. In Autumn 2010 she asked for an
official permit to import 50 copies of the 815-page book. But Religious
Affairs Committee officials told her that the charge for 'expert analysis'
would be 3,315 Somonis (4,400 Norwegian Kroner, 570 Euros, or 750 US
Dollars).
Kurbanova said that their Commune is a very small community, and they
cannot afford paying "so much money for just getting the permission" to
import the book. "We are a community, who survive on selling our literature
here in Tajikistan," pointed out. "Imagine if we import only 50 copies, and
then we add on the price of transportation and a little extra on the price
of the book to make some profit, the price of it could come up to 130
Somonis" (180 Norwegian Kroner, 24 Euros, or 30 US Dollars). People here in
Tajikistan cannot afford paying so much for books, she added.
Wages in Tajikistan are low, especially in rural areas. The official
minimum monthly wage and pension from 1 July 2010 is 80 Somonis per month
(100 Norwegian Kroner, 15 Euros, or 19 US Dollars).
What will the state charge to violate people's human rights?
Religious Affairs Committee officials told Kurbanova of the Hare Krishna
Commune that they charge "roughly" 4 Somonis (less than 5 Norwegian Kroner,
70 Euro Cents, or 75 US Cents) per standard book page. Mavlon Mukhtarov,
Deputy Chair of the Committee, refused to say exactly what they charge.
Speaking to Forum 18 on 7 January, he stated that the price list was fixed
by the Religious Affairs Committee jointly with the Ministry of Economic
Development and Trade - but did not say why this Ministry is involved.
Asked how much the charge per standard page is, Mukhtarov claimed that
price list "is available only to the religious communities, but not the
wider public". He would not say why the price list is not public, stating
in reply to Forum 18's questions: "Let the communities' representatives
come to our office and we can show it to them."
A representative of one community, who asked not to be named for fear of
state reprisals, told Forum 18 on 11 January that "we hear that prices may
vary between 22 Somonis [30 Norwegian Kroner, 4 Euros, or 5 US Dollars] and
44 Somonis [60 Norwegian Kroner, 8 Euros, or 10 US Dollars] per page."
Censorship violates human rights commitments
Tajikistan's censorship regime directly violates its international human
rights commitments, such as Paragraphs 16.9 and 16.10 of the Organisation
for Security and Co-operation in Europe's (OSCE) Vienna Concluding Document
of 1989. These read:
"(16) In order to ensure the freedom of the individual to profess and
practise religion or belief, the participating States will, inter alia,
(16.9) - respect the right of individual believers and communities of
believers to acquire, possess, and use sacred books, religious publications
in the language of their choice and other articles and materials related to
the practice of religion or belief,
(16.10) - allow religious faiths, institutions and organizations to
produce, import and disseminate religious publications and materials;
(17) The participating States recognize that the exercise of the
above-mentioned rights relating to the freedom of religion or belief may be
subject only to such limitations as are provided by law and consistent with
their obligations under international law and with their international
commitments. They will ensure in their laws and regulations and in their
application the full and effective exercise of the freedom of thought,
conscience, religion or belief" (see compilation of OSCE freedom of
religion or belief commitments at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1351>).
"Law is law"
Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs Committee refused to say why censorship
is imposed or why communities must pay for it. The only reason he would
give to Forum 18 was that the Religion Law requires religious literature to
be licensed. Despite the high prices charged in relation to people's
earnings, he insisted that the Committee "will not make exceptions" for any
community. "Law is law", he stressed.
Kurbanova of the Hare Krishna Commune told Forum 18 that she understood
that, in addition to paying for the 'expert analysis', communities also
need to obtain a license for the publication they submit for censorship.
This may result in additional charges. However, Mukhtarov said that getting
a positive 'expert analysis' "is equivalent to getting a license". He told
Forum 18 that "there will not be another kind of licensing".
"You should only import as many books as the number of your members"
Several communities commented to Forum 18 that a related problem is limits
put on the import or production of religious literature. Among many
restrictions, the 2009 Religion Law's point 2 of Article 22 states that
religious organizations shall be allowed "in the appropriate volume" to
produce, export, import, and distribute religious literature, objects of
religious nature and other religious informational materials in accordance
with the laws of Tajikistan (see F18News 17 December 2008
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1230>).
Asked to explain what "in the appropriate volume" means, Mukhtarov of the
Religious Affairs Committee said that "we can agree with each community on
each of their request individually". He repeated this response when Forum
18 asked for more clarification. Asked by Forum 18 if his response meant
the answer would be 'No', Mukhtarov's answer was ambiguous: "Let them talk
to us, I do not see a problem here".
One Protestant, who wished to remain anonymous for fear of state reprisals,
complained to Forum 18 on 7 January that Religious Affairs Committee
officials refused his church permission to obtain 1,000 copies of a book.
"You have only 150 members, so why do you need 1,000 copies" officials
asked. When the church responded that the books were not only for their
congregation but for other Christians across Tajikistan, officials told
them that they "should mind your own church". The Committee stated that
"you should only import as many books as the number of your members," the
Protestant told Forum 18.
Asked to explain these limitations, Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs
Committee asked Forum 18: "If a religious organisation has only 150
members, why should they want to have 1,000 copies of a book?" When Forum
18 suggested that, in addition to wanting to distribute copies to
co-believers, a religious community might want to distribute the literature
among people who do not share their faith, he replied that he "does not see
a problem with this".
Time taken for 'expert analyses' exceeds legal time limit
Some communities told Forum 18 that it takes a long time - more than the
one month maximum allowed in the Religion Law - for 'expert analyses'. One
such example was given by Maksim Mordovski of the capital Dushanbe's River
of Life Protestant Church. He told Forum 18 on 7 January that the Religious
Affairs Committee recently took three months to approve two books.
"We will in an expedient manner - within five to 10 days - give our
expertise on the religious literature presented to us by the communities",
Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs Committee told Forum 18. "I don't think
all the communities will send us their literature on the same day", he said
when asked how the Committee will deal with future requests.
However, Mukhtarov added that "if the required documents for the literature
are not submitted on time, the term may be extended". He would not say what
documents were needed.
What will happen if uncensored literature is found?
Some religious communities expressed fears to Forum 18 over what will
happen if religious literature which has not passed through government
censorship is found. Mukhtarov told Forum 18 that the Religious Affairs
Committee would not for the moment confiscate unlicensed literature from
officially registered communities imported or produced before the
censorship regime was imposed. "We will first do an expert analysis of the
literature and only then decide what to do with it," he said.
Mukhtarov, however, would not clarify what the Committee will do with
unlicensed or confiscated literature in the future.
A Jehovah's Witness from Tajikistan told Forum 18 on 12 January 2011 that
three tons of confiscated Jehovah's Witnesses literature was destroyed in
early 2010 after three years of open storage caused it to become "decayed
and unusable". The literature was seized at the time the Jehovah's
Witnesses were banned in 2007 (see F18 News 18 October 2007
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1036>).
Mukhtarov said that he is "not sure what happened" to the literature.
"Well, we asked them for three years to ship it back, and they did not", he
claimed as justification for the authorities' actions.
In 2007 Tajikistan "temporarily" banned the Abundant Life Christian Centre,
one of whose activities was assisting Christian organisations in Tajikistan
with importing or printing religious literature (see F18News 9 November
2007 <http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1045>). The founder of
Abundant Life later decided to close it due to pressure from the
authorities (see F18 News 8 October 2008
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1200>). (END)
More coverage of freedom of thought, conscience and belief in Tajikistan is
at <http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?query=&religion=all&country=31>.
For more background see Forum 18's Tajikistan religious freedom survey at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=190>.
A compilation of Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe
(OSCE) freedom of religion or belief commitments can be found at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1351>.
A printer-friendly map of Tajikistan is available at
<http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/atlas/index.html?Parent=asia&Rootmap=tajiki>.
(END)
© Forum 18 News Service. All rights reserved. ISSN 1504-2855
You may reproduce or quote this article provided that credit is given to
F18News http://www.forum18.org/
Past and current Forum 18 information can be found at
http://www.forum18.org/
=================================================
SUBSCRIBE here:
http://www.forum18.org/Subscribe.php and enter your e-mail address for
either the full or the weekly edition.
- Or send an empty e-mail to (for the full edition):
f18news-eurasia+subs...@forum18.org
(for the weekly edition):
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UNSUBSCRIBE here:
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- Or send an empty e-mail to (for the full edition):
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(for the weekly edition):
f18news-weekly+unsub...@forum18.org
=================================================
If you need to contact F18News, please email us at:
f18news @ editor.forum18.org
Forum 18
Postboks 6603
Rodeløkka
N-0502 Oslo
NORWAY
=================================================
From: Forum 18 <f18-new...@forum18.org>
To: f18news...@forum18.org
Sent: Thu, January 13, 2011 2:47:39 AM
Subject: F18News: Tajikistan - Religious communities forced to pay for state human rights violations
FORUM 18 NEWS SERVICE, Oslo, Norway
http://www.forum18.org/
The right to believe, to worship and witness
The right to change one's belief or religion
The right to join together and express one's belief
=================================================
Wednesday 12 January 2011
TAJIKISTAN: RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES FORCED TO PAY FOR STATE HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS
Tajikistan charges religious communities high prices for censorship which
violates the internationally recognised human rights to freedom of
expression and freedom of religion or belief, Forum 18 News Service has
found. An Imam of an officially registered mosque, who wished to remain
anonymous for fear of state reprisals, told Forum 18 that he is confident
he will receive Religious Affairs Committee permission to print books. But
he is "surprised" that charges are imposed. "We cannot afford to pay these
charges to print books", he lamented. "We do not earn much", he observed.
The Hare Krishna community have found that "even our main sacred book, the
Bhagavad Gita", must be censored. "And it is going to be very expensive for
us", Dilorom Kurbanova complained. The state Religious Affairs Committee
refuses to make public how much it charges for censorship. Numbers of
imported books are restricted. It is also uncertain whether communities
will be fined for already having or using uncensored literature, and what
will happen to confiscated literature.
TAJIKISTAN: RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES FORCED TO PAY FOR STATE HUMAN RIGHTS
VIOLATIONS
By Mushfig Bayram, Forum 18 News Service <http://www.forum18.org>
As well as running a highly restrictive religious censorship regime,
Tajikistan is also forcing religious communities to pay for censorship of
their literature and other material, various religious communities have
told Forum 18 News Service. They have complained that the numbers of books
they can import is restricted and that charges for the censorship - which
itself violates the country's human rights commitments - are very high. The
state's Religious Affairs Committee, which carries out the censorship under
the name 'expert analysis', often takes longer than the law allows for
censorship. Religious communities are also left unsure whether they will be
fined for already having or using uncensored literature, and what will
happen to confiscated literature denied a state license.
It is unclear what 'expertise' the Committee has available for its 'expert
analyses'.
According to the Religion Law, only officially registered religious
organisations and their members may import, export, produce, sell and
distribute religious literature or items of a religious nature - and they
may do this only if they have specific permission for each item from the
Religious Affairs Committee. Heavy fines have been introduced for breaking
the censorship regime (see F18News 11 January
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1528>).
Officials have been insistent that they would stop all unregistered
religious activity - without any exceptions - and were imposing extra-legal
controls on the religious communities they registered. However, the
authorities appear to have currently ceased - at least temporarily - trying
to stop unregistered activity, with the exceptions of the banned Jehovah's
Witness community and Muslims associated with the Islamic Revival Party
(see F18News 15 November 2010
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1511>).
High payments for state denial of freedoms of religion, belief & expression
An Imam of an officially registered mosque in Khujand [Khojand] in northern
Tajikistan, who wished to remain anonymous for fear of state reprisals,
told Forum 18 on 11 January that he is confident he will receive Religious
Affairs Committee permission to print books. But he is "surprised" that
charges are imposed. "We cannot afford to pay these charges to print
books", he lamented. "We do not earn much", he observed.
"Even our main sacred book, the Bhagavad Gita", must be submitted to the
Religious Affairs Committee for 'expert analysis', Dilorom Kurbanova of the
country's Hare Krishna Commune told Forum 18 on 7 January. "And it is going
to be expensive for us," she complained. In Autumn 2010 she asked for an
official permit to import 50 copies of the 815-page book. But Religious
Affairs Committee officials told her that the charge for 'expert analysis'
would be 3,315 Somonis (4,400 Norwegian Kroner, 570 Euros, or 750 US
Dollars).
Kurbanova said that their Commune is a very small community, and they
cannot afford paying "so much money for just getting the permission" to
import the book. "We are a community, who survive on selling our literature
here in Tajikistan," pointed out. "Imagine if we import only 50 copies, and
then we add on the price of transportation and a little extra on the price
of the book to make some profit, the price of it could come up to 130
Somonis" (180 Norwegian Kroner, 24 Euros, or 30 US Dollars). People here in
Tajikistan cannot afford paying so much for books, she added.
Wages in Tajikistan are low, especially in rural areas. The official
minimum monthly wage and pension from 1 July 2010 is 80 Somonis per month
(100 Norwegian Kroner, 15 Euros, or 19 US Dollars).
What will the state charge to violate people's human rights?
Religious Affairs Committee officials told Kurbanova of the Hare Krishna
Commune that they charge "roughly" 4 Somonis (less than 5 Norwegian Kroner,
70 Euro Cents, or 75 US Cents) per standard book page. Mavlon Mukhtarov,
Deputy Chair of the Committee, refused to say exactly what they charge.
Speaking to Forum 18 on 7 January, he stated that the price list was fixed
by the Religious Affairs Committee jointly with the Ministry of Economic
Development and Trade - but did not say why this Ministry is involved.
Asked how much the charge per standard page is, Mukhtarov claimed that
price list "is available only to the religious communities, but not the
wider public". He would not say why the price list is not public, stating
in reply to Forum 18's questions: "Let the communities' representatives
come to our office and we can show it to them."
A representative of one community, who asked not to be named for fear of
state reprisals, told Forum 18 on 11 January that "we hear that prices may
vary between 22 Somonis [30 Norwegian Kroner, 4 Euros, or 5 US Dollars] and
44 Somonis [60 Norwegian Kroner, 8 Euros, or 10 US Dollars] per page."
Censorship violates human rights commitments
Tajikistan's censorship regime directly violates its international human
rights commitments, such as Paragraphs 16.9 and 16.10 of the Organisation
for Security and Co-operation in Europe's (OSCE) Vienna Concluding Document
of 1989. These read:
"(16) In order to ensure the freedom of the individual to profess and
practise religion or belief, the participating States will, inter alia,
(16.9) - respect the right of individual believers and communities of
believers to acquire, possess, and use sacred books, religious publications
in the language of their choice and other articles and materials related to
the practice of religion or belief,
(16.10) - allow religious faiths, institutions and organizations to
produce, import and disseminate religious publications and materials;
(17) The participating States recognize that the exercise of the
above-mentioned rights relating to the freedom of religion or belief may be
subject only to such limitations as are provided by law and consistent with
their obligations under international law and with their international
commitments. They will ensure in their laws and regulations and in their
application the full and effective exercise of the freedom of thought,
conscience, religion or belief" (see compilation of OSCE freedom of
religion or belief commitments at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1351>).
"Law is law"
Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs Committee refused to say why censorship
is imposed or why communities must pay for it. The only reason he would
give to Forum 18 was that the Religion Law requires religious literature to
be licensed. Despite the high prices charged in relation to people's
earnings, he insisted that the Committee "will not make exceptions" for any
community. "Law is law", he stressed.
Kurbanova of the Hare Krishna Commune told Forum 18 that she understood
that, in addition to paying for the 'expert analysis', communities also
need to obtain a license for the publication they submit for censorship.
This may result in additional charges. However, Mukhtarov said that getting
a positive 'expert analysis' "is equivalent to getting a license". He told
Forum 18 that "there will not be another kind of licensing".
"You should only import as many books as the number of your members"
Several communities commented to Forum 18 that a related problem is limits
put on the import or production of religious literature. Among many
restrictions, the 2009 Religion Law's point 2 of Article 22 states that
religious organizations shall be allowed "in the appropriate volume" to
produce, export, import, and distribute religious literature, objects of
religious nature and other religious informational materials in accordance
with the laws of Tajikistan (see F18News 17 December 2008
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1230>).
Asked to explain what "in the appropriate volume" means, Mukhtarov of the
Religious Affairs Committee said that "we can agree with each community on
each of their request individually". He repeated this response when Forum
18 asked for more clarification. Asked by Forum 18 if his response meant
the answer would be 'No', Mukhtarov's answer was ambiguous: "Let them talk
to us, I do not see a problem here".
One Protestant, who wished to remain anonymous for fear of state reprisals,
complained to Forum 18 on 7 January that Religious Affairs Committee
officials refused his church permission to obtain 1,000 copies of a book.
"You have only 150 members, so why do you need 1,000 copies" officials
asked. When the church responded that the books were not only for their
congregation but for other Christians across Tajikistan, officials told
them that they "should mind your own church". The Committee stated that
"you should only import as many books as the number of your members," the
Protestant told Forum 18.
Asked to explain these limitations, Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs
Committee asked Forum 18: "If a religious organisation has only 150
members, why should they want to have 1,000 copies of a book?" When Forum
18 suggested that, in addition to wanting to distribute copies to
co-believers, a religious community might want to distribute the literature
among people who do not share their faith, he replied that he "does not see
a problem with this".
Time taken for 'expert analyses' exceeds legal time limit
Some communities told Forum 18 that it takes a long time - more than the
one month maximum allowed in the Religion Law - for 'expert analyses'. One
such example was given by Maksim Mordovski of the capital Dushanbe's River
of Life Protestant Church. He told Forum 18 on 7 January that the Religious
Affairs Committee recently took three months to approve two books.
"We will in an expedient manner - within five to 10 days - give our
expertise on the religious literature presented to us by the communities",
Mukhtarov of the Religious Affairs Committee told Forum 18. "I don't think
all the communities will send us their literature on the same day", he said
when asked how the Committee will deal with future requests.
However, Mukhtarov added that "if the required documents for the literature
are not submitted on time, the term may be extended". He would not say what
documents were needed.
What will happen if uncensored literature is found?
Some religious communities expressed fears to Forum 18 over what will
happen if religious literature which has not passed through government
censorship is found. Mukhtarov told Forum 18 that the Religious Affairs
Committee would not for the moment confiscate unlicensed literature from
officially registered communities imported or produced before the
censorship regime was imposed. "We will first do an expert analysis of the
literature and only then decide what to do with it," he said.
Mukhtarov, however, would not clarify what the Committee will do with
unlicensed or confiscated literature in the future.
A Jehovah's Witness from Tajikistan told Forum 18 on 12 January 2011 that
three tons of confiscated Jehovah's Witnesses literature was destroyed in
early 2010 after three years of open storage caused it to become "decayed
and unusable". The literature was seized at the time the Jehovah's
Witnesses were banned in 2007 (see F18 News 18 October 2007
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1036>).
Mukhtarov said that he is "not sure what happened" to the literature.
"Well, we asked them for three years to ship it back, and they did not", he
claimed as justification for the authorities' actions.
In 2007 Tajikistan "temporarily" banned the Abundant Life Christian Centre,
one of whose activities was assisting Christian organisations in Tajikistan
with importing or printing religious literature (see F18News 9 November
2007 <http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1045>). The founder of
Abundant Life later decided to close it due to pressure from the
authorities (see F18 News 8 October 2008
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1200>). (END)
More coverage of freedom of thought, conscience and belief in Tajikistan is
at <http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?query=&religion=all&country=31>.
For more background see Forum 18's Tajikistan religious freedom survey at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=190>.
A compilation of Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe
(OSCE) freedom of religion or belief commitments can be found at
<http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1351>.
A printer-friendly map of Tajikistan is available at
<http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/atlas/index.html?Parent=asia&Rootmap=tajiki>.
(END)
© Forum 18 News Service. All rights reserved. ISSN 1504-2855
You may reproduce or quote this article provided that credit is given to
F18News http://www.forum18.org/
Past and current Forum 18 information can be found at
http://www.forum18.org/
=================================================
SUBSCRIBE here:
http://www.forum18.org/Subscribe.php and enter your e-mail address for
either the full or the weekly edition.
- Or send an empty e-mail to (for the full edition):
f18news-eurasia+subs...@forum18.org
(for the weekly edition):
f18news-weekly+subs...@forum18.org
UNSUBSCRIBE here:
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either the full or the weekly edition.
- Or send an empty e-mail to (for the full edition):
f18news-eurasia+unsub...@forum18.org
(for the weekly edition):
f18news-weekly+unsub...@forum18.org
=================================================
If you need to contact F18News, please email us at:
f18news @ editor.forum18.org
Forum 18
Postboks 6603
Rodeløkka
N-0502 Oslo
NORWAY
=================================================
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