I thought I would add two more things
to this list I experienced this Christmas.
1. App Inventor from MIT
(
https://appinventor.mit.edu/). I have not played with this
myself, but doing a little bit of research into it, it's similar
to scratch with a lot more things you can do with it.
2. Lego Mindstorm NXT 2.0, or higher.
No, it's not opensource, but I really feel that the highlight of
this decade will be the further study and development of:
robotics, cybernetics, and spirituality.
My boys got to participate in Lego
Robotics for 3 years in their time at elementary school. It was
really cool, and it helped my son understand programing and
compass orientation while in 1st grade. So I found a used kit on
ebay and my youngest is now diving into this with ease. While it
is mostly legos, the second part involves programming the various
components: motors, color sensor, echo location for distance, and
button presses. Very similar to scratch, but more interactive.
New mindstorms sell for around $350,
which is way outside of my price range. If your lucky, you can
find one around $120, which I feel is a fair deal.
Eric