Physics Chapter 3 Class 11 Book Pdf

[Adrienne Borgman]

NCERTSolutions for Class 11 Physics for all chapters can be accessed here by following the links provided below. The highly experienced subject matter experts have explained each and every minute concept in the best way possible to help students face the exam without fear. Physics is a subject which contains a lot of concepts and numerical problems. For this purpose, a thorough understanding of the concepts is necessary to solve the problems effortlessly. NCERT Solutions is prepared in order to provide the students with authentic information completely based on the latest syllabus prescribed by the CBSE board.

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Physics is an important study material which helps students to master the subject. Physics is a crucial subject from the exam perspective, which is difficult to master as it deals with various properties of nature and matter. It forms a strong base for students who wish to pursue higher levels of education in the field of Science. The solutions are planned out to aid the Class 11 students in achieving good marks in the exam. The expert teachers answer each and every question in an elaborate manner so that students do not miss any concept which is important for the exam. By regular practice using the NCERT Solutions, students will be able to know the right way to approach the questions which would appear in the exam.

In this chapter, we will be studying how things work and the reason behind it. Students will become more aware of the things surrounding them, the origin and the history of Science. They will also come across various aphorisms and their justification using Physics concepts in real life in this chapter. The concepts covered here are gravitational force, electromagnetic force, strong and weak nuclear force. The theories and observations done by various scientists and their conclusion is provided briefly here. You will gain more idea about the factors which are the reasons for the development of Science and Technology in our country. The existence of an electron is explained in this chapter in an elaborate manner to acquaint students with the basic conceptual knowledge.

With the senses like ears, eyes etc., scientists gather information and make observations. A few of them are like figuring out the colour and texture, while others would be complex where measurement is necessary. It is a basic concept in Science without which scientists will not be able to conduct any experiments. Students will learn about the units of physical quantities and the method to be followed to evaluate them. It will also provide a good idea of the errors which would occur while measuring things and significant figures.

Need for measurement: Units of measurement; systems of units; SI units, fundamental and derived

units. Length, mass and time measurements; accuracy and precision of measuring instruments; errors in measurement; significant figures.

Dimensions of physical quantities, dimensional analysis and its applications.

Frame of reference. Motion in a straight line: Position-time graph, speed and velocity. Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity.

Uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time and position-time graphs, relations for uniformly accelerated motion (graphical treatment).

Elementary concepts of differentiation and integration for describing motion.

Students will learn about the scalar and vector quantities and their difference. The method of performing algebraic expressions on various scalar quantities are also explained here. Besides, true or false questions based on these concepts and their justification are elaborated under each answer. We will also learn the concept of magnitude of vectors and their co-linearity, magnitude of displacement vector and the various types of displacement of a moving vehicle. It will help us to understand the time taken by a person to cross a river, experience of riding a bicycle in rain and a ball thrown by a cricketer in the ground.

This chapter is very important in mechanics. Problems based on the conservation of momentum are frequently asked in the exam. By going through this chapter, students will become well-versed with the laws of motion and their applications in our daily activities. Various numerical problems based on mechanics are solved clearly in this chapter to boost the exam preparation of students. Having a good knowledge of these concepts, students will be able to pursue well in their higher education levels.

The Work Energy Theorem is an important concept in this chapter. Students are highly recommended to learn this chapter effectively as it is continued in future classes also. The work done by a person and the energy required to do that work is explained briefly with suitable examples to make the students well-versed with the concepts. Problems on determining the energy and power are solved in a step-wise manner based on the mark weightage allotted by the CBSE board. Practising these concepts regularly will make them master the chapter effortlessly.

Scalar product of vectors. Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power.

Notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces; elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

This chapter will help students understand the motion of extended bodies, such as the system of particles. The centre of mass of a system of particles is the main concept in this chapter. The term motion and its usefulness are briefly explained as per the syllabus of the CBSE board. As many concepts are covered under this chapter, students are highly recommended to make use of a perfect study material while answering the exercise questions from the textbook.

Centre of mass of a two-particle system, momentum conservation and centre of mass motion.

Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of circular ring, disc, rod and sphere.

Vector product of vectors; moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples.

Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (no derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications.

We know that all material objects are attracted towards the Earth. The things which we throw up fall down. Climbing a hill is difficult when compared to going downhill. Gravitation is a very popular concept as most of them which we study in the future are in accordance with this phenomenon. To understand the more complex concepts in this chapter, students should know the difference between gravity and gravitation. The other concepts discussed in this chapter are potential energy difference between two points, acceleration due to gravity and interplanetary motion.

Thermodynamics is a concept of heat and temperature and its conversion to other energy forms. It is one of the main topics which the question paper setters focus on, and most of the questions in the exams can appear from this chapter. In order to attain remarkable grades, it is crucial for students to learn all these concepts effectively. The laws of thermodynamics, specific heat capacity, various thermodynamic processes and the Carnot engine are some of the important concepts covered in this chapter.

Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of thermodynamics). Heat, work and internal energy. First law of thermodynamics.

Second law of thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators.

This chapter is a more scoring section when it comes to exam preparation. Apart from the properties of solids and liquids, the properties of gases are easy to understand. Students will learn concepts like molecular nature of matter, behaviour of gases, kinetic theory of an ideal gas, law of equipartition of energy, specific heat capacity and mean free path in this chapter. The problems are also solved in a systematic manner following the CBSE guidelines so that scoring good marks would be an easy task for the Class 11 students.

Oscillations are one of the basic concepts in Physics. It is very important for the students to learn the concepts from this chapter, as it will be continued in further classes as well. The concepts explained in this chapter are periodic and oscillatory motions, simple harmonic motion, uniform circular motion etc. To learn these concepts effectively, it is necessary for the students to follow suitable study material for this purpose. By learning the chapter on a daily basis, students will be able to face the more complex questions that would arise in the exam.

This chapter contains comprehensive questions on important concepts like wave dynamics. Questions present in this chapter will assist students through concepts like the types of waves, speed of sound in air, the tension on strings and the dependence of the speed of sound in air. The important formulas and concepts are highlighted in the solutions to make a revision of concepts easier for the students. The various wave characteristics, such as amplitude, frequency, phase, wavelength, displacement of waves and resonance, are covered in this chapter.

Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats. Doppler effect.

As there are many concepts present in each chapter, students have to revise the concepts on a regular basis to get a grip on them. It will help them to understand the right way of approaching the difficult questions in the final exam. NCERT Class 11 Books can be accessed by the students to get a clear understanding of the syllabus.

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