More Calories More AD
Ian Goddard
Thanks to Paula Mychack for findings this new study. Below
it I've included an abstract to a related review cited in my
caloric-restriction report -> http://www.IanGoddard.net/cr.htm
Archives of Neurology, 2002 Aug;59(8):1258-63
Caloric intake and the risk of Alzheimer disease.
Luchsinger JA, Tang MX, Shea S, Mayeux R.
Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, PH-19, 630 W 168th
St, New York, NY 10032. rp...@columbia.edu
BACKGROUND: Diet may play a role in Alzheimer disease (AD). OBJECTIVE:
To examine the association between caloric intake and AD. METHODS:
Elderly individuals free of dementia at baseline (N = 980) were
followed for a mean of 4 years. Daily intake of calories, carbo-
hydrates, fats, and protein were recalled using a semiquantitative
food frequency questionnaire administered between the baseline and
first follow-up visits. Proportional hazards models were used to
examine the associations of quartiles of intake and incident AD,
adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: There were 242 incident cases
of AD during 4023 years of follow-up (6 cases per 100 person-years).
Compared with individuals in the lowest quartile of caloric intake,
those in the highest quartile had an increased risk of AD (hazard
ratio, 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-2.2). Among individuals
with the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele, the hazard ratios of AD
for the highest quartiles of calorie and fat intake were 2.3 (95% CI,
1.1-4.7) and 2.3 (95% CI, 1.1-4.9), respectively, compared with the
lowest quartiles. The hazard ratios of AD for the highest quartiles
of calorie and fat intake compared with the lowest quartiles in
individuals without the apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele were close
to 1 and were not statistically significant (P =.83 and P =.61,
respectively). CONCLUSION: Higher intake of calories and fats may be
associated with higher risk of AD in individuals carrying the
apolipoprotein E epsilon4 allele.
PMID: 12164721 [PubMed - in process]
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Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2000;924:153-9
Existing data suggest that Alzheimer's disease is preventable.
Mattson MP.
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, 5600 Nathan
Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. matt...@grc.nia.nih.gov
The ultimate goal of Alzheimer's disease (AD) research is to
prevent the onset of the neurodegenerative process and thereby allow
successful aging without cognitive decline. Herein I argue that a
simple and effective preventative approach for AD may be in hand. AD
is a disorder associated with the aging process and is, accordingly,
characterized by cellular and molecular changes that occur in
age-related diseases in other organ systems. Such changes include
increased levels of oxidative stress, perturbed energy metabolism,
and accumulation of insoluble (oxidatively modified) proteins
(prominent among which are amyloid beta-peptide and tau). The risk
of several other prominent age-related disorders, including
cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes, is known to be
influenced by the level of food intake--high food intake increases
risk, and low food intake reduces risk. An overwhelming body of data
from studies of rodents and monkeys has documented the profound
beneficial effects of dietary restriction (DR) in extending life span
and reducing the incidence of age-related diseases. Reduced levels of
cellular oxidative stress and enhancement of energy homeostasis
contribute to the beneficial effects of DR. Recent findings suggest
that DR may enhance resistance of neurons in the brain to metabolic,
excitotoxic, and oxidative insults relevant to the pathogenesis of AD
and other neurodegenerative disorders. While further studies will be
required to establish the extent to which DR will reduce the incidence
of AD, it would seem prudent (based on existing data) to recommend DR
as widely applicable preventative approach for age-related disorders
including neurodegenerative disorders.
Publication Types:
Review
Review Literature
PMID: 11193791 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
"To lengthen thy life, lessen thy meals." Benjamin Franklin
Caloric Restriction: http://users.erols.com/igoddard/cr.htm
Ongoing CR-monkey-study update: "In the monkeys...those on
reduced feeding since the study started are dying at a rate
that is about half that of the monkeys receiving a full food
ration." Associated Press: Eating less may extend human life.
August 1, 2002 : http://www.msnbc.com/news/788746.asp?0si=-