Dual symbiosis in sea anemones (fwd)
David Secord
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---------- Forwarded message ----------
Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2000 17:11:21 -0800
From: Vicki Pearse <vpe...@cats.ucsc.edu>
To: CNID...@UCI.EDU
Cc: David Secord <da...@u.washington.edu>
Subject: Dual symbiosis in sea anemones
Watch for this paper on algal symbionts in sea anemones, now in press, to
appear in the Spring issue of Invertebrate Biology, Vol. 119(2): 139-146.
Biogeography and microhabitat variation in temperate algal-invertebrate
symbioses: zooxanthellae and zoochlorellae in two Pacific intertidal
sea anemones, Anthopleura elegantissima and A. xanthogrammica
David Secord* and Leon Augustine
University of Washington, 1900 Commerce St., Tacoma, WA 98402 and
Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA 98250, USA
Abstract. Temperate sea anemones in the genus Anthopleura are unique among
cnidarians in harboring two phylogenetically distinct symbiotic algae,
zooxanthellae (golden-brown dinophytes, Symbiodinium) and zoochlorellae
(green chlorophytes). To determine whether their physiological differences
generate patterns in anemone habitat and biogeographic distribution, we
sampled symbiotic algae in the small clonal A. elegantissima and the large
solitary A. xanthogrammica at 8 field sites (and the other large solitary
Anthopleura species at one site) spanning 18° of latitude along 2500 km of
the Pacific coast of North America. We found that zoochlorellae predominate
in low intertidal habitats and northerly latitudes and in A.
xanthogrammica, while zooxanthellae constitute the majority of symbionts in
high intertidal habitats and more southerly latitudes and in A.
elegantissima. These data are consistent with published predictions based
on photosynthetic efficiency of the two algae under varied temperature and
light regimes in the laboratory. This anemone-algal system provides a
potential biological signal of benthic intertidal communities' responses to
El Niño events and long-term climate changes in the Pacific.
Additional key words: latitudinal gradient, climate change, El Niño,
Symbiodinium, Chlorophyta, Cnidaria, Anthozoa
*author to whom reprint requests should be addressed
Vicki Pearse
Editor, Invertebrate Biology
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Dr. Vicki Pearse vpe...@cats.ucsc.edu
Inst. of Marine Sciences
University of California
1156 High St. fax: 831-459-4882
Santa Cruz CA 95064 USA phone: 831-459-5065
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Invertebrate Biology
--- continuing Transactions of the American Microscopical Society
http://www.umesci.maine.edu/ams/ams.htm
A quarterly journal of the American Microscopical Society
and the Division of Invertebrate Zoology,
Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (formerly ASZ)
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