China pursuing steady but massive military build-up: Pentagon
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May 19, 2012, 1:30:33 AM5/19/12
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Perilous
Times
China pursuing steady but massive military build-up:
Pentagon
By Dan De Luce | AFP News
The gun of Chinese missile destroyer Haikou (171) is seen in
Hong Kong, in April. China is exploiting Western commercial
technology, carrying out aggressive cyber espionage and buying
more anti-ship missiles as part of a steady build-up of military
power, the Pentagon reported on Friday
Chinese sailors are seen standing onboard a frigate berthed in
Shanghai, in 2011. The Chinese navy is playing a key role in
Beijing's move to become a major global military power, as
demonstrated by the recent release of the first Chinese aircraft
carrier
China is exploiting Western commercial technology, conducting
aggressive cyber espionage and buying more anti-ship missiles as
part of a steady military build-up, according to the Pentagon.
Beijing aims to take advantage of "mostly US" defense-related
technologies in the private sector in a concerted effort to
modernize the country's armed forces and extend China's reach in
the Asia-Pacific region, the Pentagon wrote in a report to
Congress on Friday.
The annual assessment of China's military resembled previous
reports but adopted more diplomatic language, possibly to avoid
aggravating delicate relations with Beijing, analysts said.
"I am struck by the decidedly mellow tone," Christopher Johnson of
the Center for Strategic and International Studies told AFP.
Chinese officials are sure to privately welcome the report's
wording, after having been irritated by a strategy document issued
by President Barack Obama in January that portrayed China as a
military rival.
"This is much friendlier" than the January strategy paper, Johnson
noted.
The report said Beijing had a goal of leveraging "legally and
illegally acquired dual-use and military-related technologies to
its advantage."
"Interactions with Western aviation manufacturing firms may also
inadvertently benefit China's defense aviation industry," the
Pentagon warned.
Echoing recent warnings from intelligence officials, the Pentagon
also blamed China for "many" of the world's cyber intrusions over
the past year targeting US government and commercial networks,
including companies "that directly support US defense programs."
The report warned that "Chinese actors are the world's most active
and persistent perpetrators of economic espionage," and predicted
that those spying efforts would continue.
China's investments in cyber warfare were cause for "concern,"
said David Helvey, acting deputy assistant secretary of defense
for East Asia and Asia Pacific security affairs.
Beijing was clearly "looking at ways to use cyber for offensive
operations," Helvey told reporters.
The American military has long worried that China could
potentially limit the reach of US naval ships in the western
Pacific with new weapons, and the Pentagon report underlined those
concerns.
China "is also acquiring and fielding greater numbers of
conventional medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBMs) to increase
the range at which it can conduct precision strikes against land
targets and naval ships, including aircraft carriers, operating
far from China's shores beyond the first island chain," said the
report.
Beijing is pouring money into advanced air defenses, submarines,
anti-satellite weapons and anti-ship missiles that could all be
used to deny an adversary access to strategic areas, such as the
South China Sea, it said.
US strategists -- and some defense contractors -- often refer to
the threat posed by China's so-called "carrier-killer" missiles,
but Helvey said the anti-ship weapons currently have "limited
operational capability."
China's military budget officially reached $106 billion in 2012,
an 11.2 percent increase.
But the US report said China's defense budget does not include
major expenditures such as improvements to nuclear forces or
purchases of foreign-made weapons. Real defense spending amounts
to $120 to $180 billion, the report said.
US military spending, however, still dwarfs Chinese investments,
with the Pentagon's proposed budget for 2013 at more than $600
billion.
Despite a sustained increase in defense spending over the past
decade, China has experienced setbacks with some satellite
launches and ambitious projects to produce a fifth-generation
fighter jet and modern aircraft carrier still face challenges,
according to the report.
Although looking to expand its traditional missions to include
counter-piracy and humanitarian efforts, the top priority of the
People's Liberation Army remains a possible conflict in the Taiwan
Strait.
The report said China is focused on preventing the United States
from intervening successfully in support of Taiwan.
The document was released as the House of Representatives voted to
force the US government to sell 66 new fighter-jets to Taiwan.
President Barack Obama's administration, anxious to keep ties with
China on track, is only planning to upgrade existing planes. The
measure still needs Senate approval.