Perilous Times
West needs new missile shield against Iranian nuclear threat, Nato
chief says
Nato's Secretary-General has urged the construction of a new missile
defence system to protect Europe from the threat of Iranian nuclear
attack.
By Nick Meo in Brussels
Published: 7:30PM BST 11 Sep 2010
Nuclear threat from Iran will require new Nato missile shield, says
alliance head
Anders Fogh Rasmussen claimed that a new defensive 'shield' could be
set up in cooperation with Russia Photo: EPA
Anders Fogh Rasmussen told The Sunday Telegraph he has full American
backing for a proposed €200 million (£165 million) defensive "shield",
which he hopes will be agreed in November at a summit of members in
Lisbon.
He was speaking after weapons inspectors from the International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) warned last week that Iran had passed a crucial
nuclear threshold which took it nearer to being able to arm ballistic
missiles with nuclear warheads.
"Based on their public statements we know that Iran already has
missiles with a range sufficient to hit targets in Europe, and they
don't hide the fact that they want to further develop their
capability," Mr Rasmussen said.
"If Iran eventually acquires a nuclear capability that will be very
dangerous, and a direct threat to the allies. That is the reason why I
am now proposing a new and effective Nato missile defence system."
He claimed that the new system could be set up in cooperation with
Russia, which has angrily opposed previous American attempts to set up
missile shields in Europe.
Iran's longest-range ballistic missiles, such as the Shahab-3 and the
Qiam-1, have ranges of around 2,500 miles and could hit targets in
Turkey and Greece.
Some will see the plan for a new missile shield as a tacit admission
that America has rejected the risky option of launching air attacks on
Iranian nuclear and military facilities, and given up hopes of
deterring Iran from building a bomb, as Western governments believe it
is trying to do.
Europe's anti-missile defences at present largely consist of
American-made SM-3 missiles, based on US warships, which would attempt
to shoot down attacking ballistic missiles.
Speaking at his residence in a luxurious suburb of south Brussels, a
day after returning from a meeting with President Barack Obama in
Washington, Mr Rasmussen told The Sunday Telegraph that he believes
that it would be relatively straightforward to set up a new defensive
system. Under the plan, an anti-ballistic missile "shield" would be
extended across Nato's territory, coordinated by a new command and
control system that would "knit together" existing radar and other
sensor systems, with new SM-3 missiles based on land.
"In a nutshell we could build an effective missile defence system to
protect all our population by connecting existing systems," he said.
"Even in a time of economic constraints it would cost very little –
€200 million over 10 years, shared between 28 allies. For a modest cost
we can protect 900 million citizens.
"If Nato decides to go ahead and develop a missile defence system it
should be accompanied by an invitation to the Russians to cooperate.
This would make sense from a security point of view. Realistically we
would have a Nato system alongside a Russian system. We can develop
cooperation mechanisms which would make the whole system more effective.
"No decisions have been taken yet. We will have consultation with
Russia. We need effective protection against a real threat." Supporters
of the plan believe it could fundamentally alter the troubled
relationship between Nato and Russia, ushering in a new era of
cooperation.
Nato officials hope a less ambitious defensive system designed to cope
with only a few attacking missiles would not antagonise Russia. They
have already held talks with their Russian counterparts to set up a
"security roof" which would link the missile defence systems of the US,
other Nato countries, and Russia.
Early in his presidency Mr Obama scrapped his predecessor's plans to
site anti-ballistic missiles in Poland, with sensors to detect
attacking missiles located in the Czech Republic, because of Russian
anger.
Nato officials hope Iran's progress towards nuclear weapons may now
help change Russian minds. Weapons inspectors announced last week that
Iranian nuclear scientists had enriched enough uranium for a warhead,
although miniaturising an atomic device and constructing an effective
nuclear missile are highly demanding technical tasks that Iran is still
some way from achieving.
Inspectors will also criticise Tehran in a report this week for
repeated failure to co-operate with checks that material was held
securely at Iranian plants, and the refusal of Iranian officials to
answer questions about whether it was attempting to make a nuclear
warhead.
In February the IAEA declared that it believed Iran was working on a
nuclear warhead.
Not all missile experts are convinced Iran will pose a threat to
Europe. Robert Hewson, editor of the industry publication Jane's
Air-launched Weapons, said: "Missile defence is more about shovelling
money to American contractors than protecting people in Basingstoke."
Afghanistan will be the main focus of the Lisbon Summit, and Mr
Rasmussen said that he hopes to make a major announcement on progress
in handing responsibility for security of provinces from Nato to
Afghans— so-called transition.
“I hope to announce at Lisbon that transition is about to start,” he
said. “I would expect a gradual transition process to start in 2011,
and it would end by 2014.”
Nato had hoped to begin handing some of the less violent provinces to
Afghan control before the November summit. Mr Rasmussen said the delay
was not significant. “We have to make sure the process is
irreversible,” he said.
In the week that Taliban leader Mullah Omar predicted Taliban victory,
the Secretary-General said Nato would “stay the course” in Afghanistan.
“I understand very well that people are impatient and want to see
progress. So do I. Progress would be gradually handing over Afghanistan
to Afghan control. We will soon see concrete results with our new
strategy.”