Perilous Times
Pentagon warning over China military build-up
Shaun Tandon
August 17, 2010 - 3:09PM
China is extending its military advantage over Taiwan and increasingly
looking beyond, building up a force with the power to strike in Asia as
far afield as the US territory of Guam, the Pentagon said.
In an annual report to Congress, the US Defense Department said that
China was ramping up investment in an array of areas including nuclear
weapons, long-range missiles, submarines, aircraft carriers and cyber
warfare.
"The balance of cross-Strait military forces continues to shift in the
mainland's favor," the report said.
The Pentagon said China's military build-up on the Taiwan Strait has
"continued unabated" despite improving political and commercial
relations since the island elected Beijing-friendly President Ma
Ying-jeou in 2008.
The report -- which US officials delayed for five months amid strains
with China -- covered 2009, before the United States approved a 6.4
billion-dollar arms package for the island in January.
Taiwan has said it is "closely monitoring" China's mounting defences
following news of the US report.
"China has not given up the use of force against Taiwan, and we are
closely monitoring China's military developments. We ask the public to
be rest assured," Taiwan defence ministry spokesman Yu Sy-tue told AFP.
China considers Taiwan, where the mainland's defeated nationalists fled
in 1949, to be territory awaiting reunification, by force if necessary.
However, ties have improved markedly since Taiwan's President Ma
Ying-jeou took office in 2008 on a Beijing-friendly platform.
Ma has said that the island will not engage in an arms race with China,
despite the threat it poses.
The US military report said China was "already looking at contingencies
beyond Taiwan," including through a longstanding project to build a
far-reaching missile that could potentially strike US carriers deep in
the Pacific.
"Current trends in China's military capabilities are a major factor in
changing East Asian military balances and could provide China with a
force capable of conducting a range of military operations in Asia well
beyond Taiwan," it said.
China's military doctrine has traditionally emphasized the ability to
strike within an area extending to Japan's Okinawa island chain and
throughout the South China Sea east of Vietnam, the report said.
But Chinese strategists are now looking to expand their reach further
to be able to hit targets as far away as Guam, including much of
mainland Japan and the Philippines, it said.
China is working on the longer-range precision missile, but probably
needs more work on the technical infrastructure to put the weapon into
use, an official who helped draft the report said on condition of
anonymity.
Japan and Vietnam, which both have historic tensions with China, have
reported rising incidents with China's military in recent months.
The report predicted that China may step up patrols in the South China
Sea. US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton last month in Vietnam backed
open access to the sea, triggering a rebuke by Beijing.
The Pentagon report credited China with becoming slightly more open but
reiterated concerns about an overall lack of transparency.
In March this year, China said it was raising its defense budget by 7.5
percent to 532.1 billion yuan -- 77.9 billion US dollars at the
exchange rate at the time -- breaking a string of double-digit
increases.
The Pentagon study was cautious on suggestions that China's military
was partaking in national belt-tightening, saying that the spending
growth may be lower simply because the forces were at the end of a
five-year program.
The Pentagon paper estimated that China's overall military-related
spending was more than 150 billion US dollars in 2009 when including
areas that do not figure in the publicly released budget.
It is still far below the US defense budget, the world's largest, which
is more than 700 billion US dollars in the fiscal year beginning in
October.
President Barack Obama's administration has sought to broaden
cooperation with China, which in the last quarter surpassed Japan to be
the world's second largest economy after the United States.
But the administration approved the package to Taiwan that included
helicopters, missile defenses and mine-sweepers, leading China to break
off military exchanges with the United States.
The Pentagon said it wanted dialogue with China to avoid any
"miscalculation" between the two militaries.
"We stand prepared to work with the Chinese if they are prepared to
work with us," the anonymous official said. "But it only does us so
much good to show up to a meeting if we're the only ones that are
there."
The Taiwan arms sale did not include F-16 fighter-jets, which the
island and many US analysts say are crucial to narrowing the strategic
gap with Beijing.