Perilous Times
With the US trapped in depression, this really is starting to feel like
1932
The US workforce shrank by 652,000 in June, one of the sharpest
contractions ever. The rate of hourly earnings fell 0.1pc. Wages are
flirting with deflation.
By Ambrose Evans-Pritchard
Published: 9:33PM BST 04 Jul 2010
The Telegraph UK
People queue for a job fair in New York. The share of the US
working-age population with jobs in June fell from 58.7pc to 58.5pc.
The ratio was 63pc three years ago.
"The economy is still in the gravitational pull of the Great
Recession," said Robert Reich, former US labour secretary. "All the
booster rockets for getting us beyond it are failing."
"Home sales are down. Retail sales are down. Factory orders in May
suffered their biggest tumble since March of last year. So what are we
doing about it? Less than nothing," he said.
California is tightening faster than Greece. State workers have seen a
14pc fall in earnings this year due to forced furloughs. Governor
Arnold Schwarzenegger is cutting pay for 200,000 state workers to the
minimum wage of $7.25 an hour to cover his $19bn (£15bn) deficit.
Can Illinois be far behind? The state has a deficit of $12bn and is
$5bn in arrears to schools, nursing homes, child care centres, and
prisons. "It is getting worse every single day," said state comptroller
Daniel Hynes. "We are not paying bills for absolutely essential
services. That is obscene."
Roughly a million Americans have dropped out of the jobs market
altogether over the past two months. That is the only reason why the
headline unemployment rate is not exploding to a post-war high.
Let us be honest. The US is still trapped in depression a full 18
months into zero interest rates, quantitative easing (QE), and fiscal
stimulus that has pushed the budget deficit above 10pc of GDP.
The share of the US working-age population with jobs in June actually
fell from 58.7pc to 58.5pc. This is the real stress indicator. The
ratio was 63pc three years ago. Eight million jobs have been lost.
The average time needed to find a job has risen to a record 35.2 weeks.
Nothing like this has been seen before in the post-war era. Jeff
Weniger, of Harris Private Bank, said this compares with a peak of 21.2
weeks in the Volcker recession of the early 1980s.
"Legions of individuals have been left with stale skills, and little
prospect of finding meaningful work, and benefits that are being
exhausted. By our math the crop of people who are unemployed but not
receiving a check amounts to 9.2m."
Republicans on Capitol Hill are filibustering a bill to extend the dole
for up to 1.2m jobless facing an imminent cut-off. Dean Heller from
Vermont called them "hobos". This really is starting to feel like 1932.
Washington's fiscal stimulus is draining away. It peaked in the first
quarter, yet even then the economy eked out a growth rate of just
2.7pc. This compares with 5.1pc, 9.3pc, 8.1pc and 8.5pc in the four
quarters coming off recession in the early 1980s.
The housing market is already crumbling as government props are pulled
away. The expiry of homebuyers' tax credit led to a 30pc fall in the
number of buyers signing contracts in May. "It is cataclysmic," said
David Bloom from HSBC.
Federal tax rises are automatically baked into the pie. The
Congressional Budget Office said fiscal policy will swing from
a net +2pc of GDP to -2pc by late 2011. The states and counties may
have to cut as much as $180bn.
Investors are starting to chew over the awful possibility that
America's recovery will stall just as Asia hits the buffers. China's
manufacturing index has been falling since January, with a downward
lurch in June to 50.4, just above the break-even line of 50. Momentum
seems to be flagging everywhere, whether in Australian building
permits, Turkish exports, or Japanese industrial output.
On Friday, Jacques Cailloux from RBS put out a "double-dip alert" for
Europe. "The risk is rising fast. Absent an effect policy intervention
to tackle the debt crisis on the periphery over coming months, the
European economy will double dip in 2011," he said.
It is obvious what that policy should be for Europe, America, and
Japan. If budgets are to shrink in an orderly fashion over several
years – as they must, to avoid sovereign debt spirals – then central
banks will have to cushion the blow keeping monetary policy ultra-loose
for as long it takes.
The Fed is already eyeing the printing press again. "It's appropriate
to think about what we would do under a deflationary scenario," said
Dennis Lockhart for the Atlanta Fed. His colleague Kevin Warsh said the
pros and cons of purchasing more bonds should be subject to "strict
scrutiny", a comment I took as confirmation that the Fed Board is
arguing internally about QE2.
Perhaps naively, I still think central banks have the tools to head off
disaster. The question is whether they will do so fast enough, or even
whether they wish to resist the chorus of 1930s liquidation taking
charge of the debate. Last week the Bank for International Settlements
called for combined fiscal and monetary tightening, lending its great
authority to the forces of debt-deflation and mass unemployment. If
even the BIS has lost the plot, God help us.