Perilous Times
US creationists unswayed by evolution exhibition
They plan to become doctors, researchers and professors, but these
students from Liberty University, an evangelical school, also believe
that God created the Earth in a week, around 6,000 years ago.
By Virginie Montet, in Washington for AFP
Published: 11:25AM GMT 10 Mar 2010
Each year, a group of biology students at the Christian university
based in Lynchburg, Virginia, travels to the Natural History Museum in
Washington to learn about a theory they dismiss as incorrect - Darwin's
theory of evolution.
The young "creationists" examined a model of the Morganucodon rat,
believed to be the first and common ancestor of mammals that appeared
some 210 million years ago.
Lauren Dunn, 19, a second-year biology student, was unimpressed.
"210 million years, that's arbitrary. They put that time to make up for
what they don't know," she said.
Nathan Hubbard, a 20 year-old from Michigan and a first-year biology
major who plans to become a doctor, regarded the model with suspicion.
"There is no scientific, biological genetic way that this, this rat,
could become you," he said, seemingly scandalised by the proposition.
Liberty University is the most prominent evangelical university in the
United States, with around 12,000 students who adhere to strict rules
and regulations regarding moral conduct.
Its biology curriculum includes a course on "Young Earth Creationism",
which juxtaposes Charles Darwin's Origin of the Species with the Book
of Genesis.
"In order to be the best creationist, you have to be the best
evolutionist you can be," said Marcus Ross, who teaches paleontology
and says of Adam and Eve: "I feel they were real people, they were the
first people."
David DeWitt, a Liberty University biology professor, opens his classes
with a prayer, asking God to help him teach his students.
"I pray that you help me to teach effectively and help the students to
learn and defend their faith," he says.
Strongly expressed faith is not unusual in the United States, a country
where 80 per cent of the population claim to believe in God and ascribe
to established religions.
Polls taken in the last two years found that between 44 and 46 per cent
of Americans believe that the Earth was created in a week, somewhere
between 6,000 and 10,000 years ago.
Creationism, an increasingly popular theory in the United States and
elsewhere in the world, rejects Darwin's theory that all living species
evolved over the course of billions of years via the process of natural
selection.
The school of thought has adherents among Jehovah's Witnesses and some
fundamentalist Muslims, but in the United States it has won the most
converts in the evangelical Christian community.
Former president George W. Bush, a born-again Christian, is among those
who say evolutionary theory does not fully explain the Earth's
creation, though the ex-president also noted he is not a "literalist"
when it comes to the Bible.
Creationist belief has implications for the way people understand a
variety of fields, including biology, paleontology and astronomy, but
also impacts questions about climate change and educational debates.
At the Smithsonian Institute, among crowds of weekend visitors, the
Liberty University students visited the evolution exhibition,.
But Darwin's explanation for why giraffes have long necks - that they
evolved over time so they could reach higher foliage - and displays of
fossil evidence failed to sway them.
"Creationism and evolutionism have different ways of explaining the
evidence. The creationist way recognises the importance of biblical
records," said Ross.
He teaches his students that dinosaurs were wiped from the face of the
Earth 4,000 to 5,000 years ago during the flood that Noah survived by
building an ark.
He says carbon-dating techniques that have been used to suggest the
Earth is in fact billions of years old are simply not reliable.
He doesn't reject one prominent theory that dinosaurs were wiped out by
a massive asteroid that collided into Earth, but suggests the collision
coincided with the biblical flood.
Though Ross acknowledges that the United States is among the most
welcoming environments in the world for creationists, he said it can be
difficult to convince people to take him and his beliefs seriously.
"The attitude is when you are a creationist you are ignorant of the
facts," he said.