Liberty never had a more cherished meaning to men of thisRepublic. In the minds of many the conviction had taken root,that if autocracy and absolute monarchy were to be overthrown;that "government of the people, by the people, for the people"should "not perish from the earth," it would eventually requirefrom America that supreme sacrifice in devotion and blood that atperiods in the growth and development of nations, is their lastresort against the menace of external attack, and, regardless ofthe reflections of theorists and philosophers, the best andsurest guarantee of their longevity; that the principles uponwhich they were builded were something more than mere words,hollow platitudes, meaning nothing, worthy of nothing, inspiringnothing. It was the dawning of a day; new and strange in itsrequirements of America whose isolation and policy, as bequeathedby the fathers, had kept it aloof from the bickerings andquarrels of the nations that composed the "Armed Camp" of Europe,during which, as subsequent events proved, the blood of theCaucasian and the Negro would upon many a hard fought pass; manya smoking trench in the battle zone of Europe, run together inone rivulet of departing life, for the guarantee of libertythroughout all the earth, and the establishment of justice at itsuttermost bounds and ends.
Correspondents in France wrote of Negro soldiers being among thefirst expeditionary force to set foot upon the soil of the battletorn Republic. This force arrived there in June, 1917, and wascomposed of marines and infantry from the Regular army. FloydGibbons, the intrepid representative of the Chicago Tribune,speaking of the first Negro contingents in his remarkable bookentitled, "And They Thought We Wouldn't Fight", said:
On complaint that any government has failed to carry out aconvention to which it is a party the governing body may makeinquiries directly to that government and in case the reply isunsatisfactory may publish the complaint with comment. Acomplaint by one government against another may be referred bythe governing body to a commission of inquiry nominated by thesecretary-general of the league. If the commission report failsto bring satisfactory action, the matter may be taken to apermanent court of international justice for final decision. Thechief reliance for securing enforcement of the law will bepublicity with a possibility of economic action in thebackground.
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