Hello, Marco. That page uses a JavaScript function to read the content of the selected QR images. That is, the server response to your POST request is returning the same page as in a GET request: the page with the default "Scan a QR code to view the results here." message; and the QR code processing is done in your browser dynamically right when you selected it. In short, actually you are not uploading anything.
In order to extract the link from the QR, you need to extract the page (the requests module also extract the JavaScript code), manipulate the QR processing JavaScript function to pass the image you want to it and then extract the link from the dynamically-generated HTML. I'm not really an expert on the package, but I'm sure Beautiful Soup cannot do that whole process by its own.
Hope this help you or others with similar problems.