King's Speech II: Due Monday, April 23 at 11:59 p.m.
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jonathan
Apr 12, 2012, 6:32:32 AM4/12/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Let's now take the Freudian approach to personality! You are now
going to analyze one of the following points/issues in Bertie's
life.
Select ONE of these ISSUES (if more than 5 people have replied to 1,
go to another!)
1) The Cause of Bertie's speech impediment.
2) His relationship with Logue
3) His anger/emotional stability
4) His perception of self
5) His treatment/progress with Logue
THEN, analyze how each psychologist would analyze Bertie from their
own research regarding your focused ISSUE.
-Karen Horney
-Carl Jung
-Alfred Adler
-Erich Fromm
-Erik Erikson
going to analyze one of the following points/issues in Bertie's
life.
Select ONE of these ISSUES (if more than 5 people have replied to 1,
go to another!)
1) The Cause of Bertie's speech impediment.
2) His relationship with Logue
3) His anger/emotional stability
4) His perception of self
5) His treatment/progress with Logue
THEN, analyze how each psychologist would analyze Bertie from their
own research regarding your focused ISSUE.
-Karen Horney
-Carl Jung
-Alfred Adler
-Erich Fromm
-Erik Erikson
Madeleine Beimford
Apr 21, 2012, 2:03:56 PM4/21/12
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Bertie's treatment/process with Logue
A) At the beginning of Bertie’s treatment process with Logue, Freud would have been severely disappointed and frustrated at Logue for complying with Bertie’s avoidance tactics regarding his past. Freud would have wanted Logue to delve deeper into Bertie’s conscious by examining his relationships, first memories, and dreams regarding Bertie’s upbringing. Instead of Logue bringing on the Freud, Bertie initiates the discussion once the two establish a friendship. Bertie tells Logue, who carefully tries to ask follow-up questions, about his negative relationship with his family and the scarring experience with his first nurse who didn’t feed him. From this confession, the audience is privy to all the defense mechanisms Bertie employs throughout his life, the avoidance of discussing these factors reveals the obvious: repression, resulting in his stammer and bouts of anger and insecurity. The free and equal relationship between Bertie and Logue enabled Bertie to lessen his grip on his super-ego, to stop only focusing on his impact and his role in society and begin allowing the id to breathe. Freud would agree that by allowing Bertie to admit to personal wants and desires, frees the ego to balance the two, ultimately allowing Bertie the freedom from his past he acquires at the end of the movie.
- Karen Horney would have had Logue focus more on Bertie’s perception of the events of his childhood. Horney based her diagnoses of the patients neuroses based on how the patient was affected by his/her parents behavior and attitude towards the child. Based on her 10 Neurotic Needs philosophy, Bertie shows both needs for the first category, Compliance, the need for affection and approval and the need for a partner who he can confide in. He really only shows one need from the Aggressive category, the need for personal achievement. From the third category, Detachment, he displays the need for self-sufficiency and the need to restrict life’s practices. From Horney’s perspective, Bertie’s treatment with Logue moved him to acknowledge these neuroses and move him toward self-actualization by moving through his issues and developing his potential.
- Karen Horney would have had Logue focus more on Bertie’s perception of the events of his childhood. Horney based her diagnoses of the patients neuroses based on how the patient was affected by his/her parents behavior and attitude towards the child. Based on her 10 Neurotic Needs philosophy, Bertie shows both needs for the first category, Compliance, the need for affection and approval and the need for a partner who he can confide in. He really only shows one need from the Aggressive category, the need for personal achievement. From the third category, Detachment, he displays the need for self-sufficiency and the need to restrict life’s practices. From Horney’s perspective, Bertie’s treatment with Logue moved him to acknowledge these neuroses and move him toward self-actualization by moving through his issues and developing his potential.
- Jung would have approved of Bertie’s treatment/progress with Logue because of the way Logue started out treatment. Logue’s psychotherapy was based on the goal to increase all aspects of Bertie’s well-being. Jung’s collective unconscious can be related to how Logue demanded equality from their sessions, that way when Bertie felt more comfortable they could explore Bertie’s interpretations of the archetypes which everyone inherits and manipulates depending on situation. Even though Bertie’s home life was really bad as a child, he still believed in family, and based on the equality that him and Logue shared, Bertie was able to share with him and from there achieve individuation. Individuation for Bertie could only be achieved after he reconciled his collective unconscious and reality, which after being combined together completed a healthy transformation for Bertie’s psyche.
- Adler would also have approved Logue’s setup for his psychotherapy. It took place in a neutral environment where equality was fostered. Adler believed a human was an indivisible whole, and was connected to the surrounding world. He also thought that an equal and democratic approach would help alleviate the patient of the inferiority complex that everyone goes through somewhat consciously throughout their entire lives. Maintaining Bertie and Logue’s friendship throughout treatment would be essential in helping Bertie overcome the natural stressors in his life, and by remaining friends not become a jerk by attaining a superiority complex in the process.
- Erich Fromm postulated eight basic needs for the development of an individualized man. These steps are Relatedness, Transcendence, Rootedness, Sense of Identity, Frame of orientation, Excitation and Stimulation, Unity, and Effectiveness. After watching Bertie’s treatment process with Logue, Fromm would agree that the two went through all eight needs together and Bertie ends up an individualized man. Fromm would also conclude that before Bertie and Logue start their treatment together, Bertie showed signs of escaping freedom through defense mechanisms, which Fromm considers to be at the root of all psychological problems. However, by the end of the film, Bertie embraces his freedom, exhibiting a healthy state of being.
- Erich Fromm postulated eight basic needs for the development of an individualized man. These steps are Relatedness, Transcendence, Rootedness, Sense of Identity, Frame of orientation, Excitation and Stimulation, Unity, and Effectiveness. After watching Bertie’s treatment process with Logue, Fromm would agree that the two went through all eight needs together and Bertie ends up an individualized man. Fromm would also conclude that before Bertie and Logue start their treatment together, Bertie showed signs of escaping freedom through defense mechanisms, which Fromm considers to be at the root of all psychological problems. However, by the end of the film, Bertie embraces his freedom, exhibiting a healthy state of being.
- Erik Erikson would have looked at Bertie’s predicament and seen the unresolved conflicts of past stages and resulting negative personality traits. Erikson would like the way Logue handles Bertie’s confession to him about his upbringing and relationship with his family because it represents a form of ego synthesis. Logue helps Bertie rediscover his sense of identity and lessen the dramatic tension between his id and super-ego, enabling his ego to be the mediator and develop the positive personality traits that would have emerged had his journey through the stages been smoother and conflict-free.
Ava Varasteh
Apr 22, 2012, 2:10:34 PM4/22/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
The Cause of Bertie’s Speech Impediment
Karen Horney:
-Horney believes that neurosis is a recurring process, periodically
occurring in a person’s lifetime yet she also agrees that influences
during childhood have a large effect on neurosis. She places an
emphasis on parental indifference towards children, that the child’s
perception of these events can explain their neurosis. According to
Horney the neglect and abuse that Bertie experienced as a child from
his nanny was the main reason for Bertie’s stuttering problem.
Alfred Adler:
-Adler’s concept, the inferiority complex, addresses the problem of
self-esteem and the negative effects it can have on ones health. The
feelings of inferiority are usually intensified in the individual due
to discouragement. According to Adler, Bertie acquired his speech
impediment because of his low self-esteem, and it worsened with the
mocking from his brother and father.
Erich Fromm:
-Fromm developed the theory of character orientation. Character
orientation is how people relate to the world by assimilation and
socialization. The six different character orientations include
Receptive, Exploitative, Hoarding, Necrophilous, Marketing and
Productive. Fromm may place Bertie in the receptive orientation. He
passively waits to be provided with love and attention from his
parents and nanny at a young age but never received it and did not
actively seek it, triggering his stammering.
Carl Jung:
-Jung believed in the collective unconscious. It is said to be a part
of the unconscious mind and describes how the structure of the psyche
organizes experience. Jung believes the personal unconscious contains
experiences unique to each individual, while the collective
unconscious processes those personal experiences in a similar way for
each member of the same species. Jung connected the collective
unconscious to "archaic remnants", as Freud called them, which are
essentially schemas whose presence can’t be explained by specific
experiences in the individual's own life and which seem to be innate
and inherited. Jung would most likely classify Bertie’s stammering as
something he was born with, not something he inherited due to his
experiences.
Erik Erikson:
-Each of Erikson's stages of development is marked by a conflict and
by an important event that this conflict resolves itself around. Stage
one is focused on 0-1 year olds when they develop either basic trust
or basic mistrust. This depends on the quality of the relationship
with the mother as well as the amount of nurturing the child receives,
which in Bertie’s case was not a lot. Stage four is industry vs.
inferiority, Bertie feels inferior because he compares himself to the
other children at school and becomes fully aware that he is
different.
Karen Horney:
-Horney believes that neurosis is a recurring process, periodically
occurring in a person’s lifetime yet she also agrees that influences
during childhood have a large effect on neurosis. She places an
emphasis on parental indifference towards children, that the child’s
perception of these events can explain their neurosis. According to
Horney the neglect and abuse that Bertie experienced as a child from
his nanny was the main reason for Bertie’s stuttering problem.
Alfred Adler:
-Adler’s concept, the inferiority complex, addresses the problem of
self-esteem and the negative effects it can have on ones health. The
feelings of inferiority are usually intensified in the individual due
to discouragement. According to Adler, Bertie acquired his speech
impediment because of his low self-esteem, and it worsened with the
mocking from his brother and father.
Erich Fromm:
-Fromm developed the theory of character orientation. Character
orientation is how people relate to the world by assimilation and
socialization. The six different character orientations include
Receptive, Exploitative, Hoarding, Necrophilous, Marketing and
Productive. Fromm may place Bertie in the receptive orientation. He
passively waits to be provided with love and attention from his
parents and nanny at a young age but never received it and did not
actively seek it, triggering his stammering.
Carl Jung:
-Jung believed in the collective unconscious. It is said to be a part
of the unconscious mind and describes how the structure of the psyche
organizes experience. Jung believes the personal unconscious contains
experiences unique to each individual, while the collective
unconscious processes those personal experiences in a similar way for
each member of the same species. Jung connected the collective
unconscious to "archaic remnants", as Freud called them, which are
essentially schemas whose presence can’t be explained by specific
experiences in the individual's own life and which seem to be innate
and inherited. Jung would most likely classify Bertie’s stammering as
something he was born with, not something he inherited due to his
experiences.
Erik Erikson:
-Each of Erikson's stages of development is marked by a conflict and
by an important event that this conflict resolves itself around. Stage
one is focused on 0-1 year olds when they develop either basic trust
or basic mistrust. This depends on the quality of the relationship
with the mother as well as the amount of nurturing the child receives,
which in Bertie’s case was not a lot. Stage four is industry vs.
inferiority, Bertie feels inferior because he compares himself to the
other children at school and becomes fully aware that he is
different.
Holly Wiberg
Apr 22, 2012, 4:33:33 PM4/22/12
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Bertie’s Perception of Self
1. Karen Horney
Bertie seems to struggle the most with the neurotic needs of admiration, achievement, and perfection. Based on Horney’s classification of these needs, Bertie's issues fall under the categories of Aggression and Withdrawal/Detachment, which move Bertie against and away from other people, respectively. Since Bertie is a member of the royal family, he has the constant pressure of being admired and successful. His struggle with his speech impediment caused him to fail to meet needs, and Horney would likely say that this failure further led him to both struggle to define himself and feel incompetent.
2. Carl Jung
Carl Jung focused on reconciling the personal unconscious with the collective unconscious, which is achieved by understanding personal suppressed experiences and painful memories. Jung called this process individuation, and it resulted in the development of a sense of self. Bertie was unable to understand his childhood issues surrounding his speech impediment, as demonstrated by his frustration in talking to Lionel about the origins of the stammer. His inability to resolve this issue prevented him from individuation, leading him to be confused and have a poor sense of self.
3. Alfred Adler
Adler would argue that Bertie’s feeling of inferiority was caused by his speech impediment. Bertie tried to achieve his ideals by overcoming his speech impediment, but he was unable to resolve his stammer. This led him to use defense mechanisms and develop an inferiority complex, which is characterized by feeling insecure and being highly defensive, both of which Bertie demonstrates.
4. Erich Fromm
Fromm’s theory emphasizes the importance of the pursuit of freedom and studies the ways in which people avoid freedom. Bertie avoids freedom through automaton conformity, in which he feels pressure to conform to the ideals that society sets for him. Bertie’s stammer prevents him from successfully filling the public role that he is expected to fill as a member of the royal family. Bertie wants to be withdrawn from the public eye due to his stammer, but societal expectations conflict with this desire. This pressure to conform to set expectations prevents Bertie from developing a strong sense of self.
5. Erik Erikson
In his stages of psychosocial development, Erikson would likely attribute Bertie’s anger to an unresolved conflict in stage 4, industry vs. inferiority. Bertie said that he developed his stammer at a young age (before age 5), so throughout stage 4 (age 5-12), Bertie would feel incompetent. His speech impediment probably led him to struggle with daily activities, and this difficulty likely prevented him from feeling successful or industrious, resulting in his feeling of inferiority and his lack of confidence. Even as an adult, he was very sensitive when confronted with his impediment—through treatment or public speaking—because it caused him to feel the same incompetence that he had experienced as a child.
Elizabeth McTighe
Apr 22, 2012, 4:57:00 PM4/22/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie's anger/emotional stability
1. Horney
Bertie was consistently denied affection and approval. At a young age,
his nanny did not feed him and was more affectionate towards his
brother. She also made him cry in the presence of his parents,
depriving him of their affection. His parents were critical of his
left handedness and his speech impediment into adulthood. His need for
affection and inability to achieve it due to his speech impediment and
strained relationship with his brother increased his level of stress
and created a vicious cycle of seeking approval, making him less
emotionally stable.
Bertie also lacked power when he was younger - his brother abused him
and his father encouraged it as a means to correct his speech
impediment. This created a neurotic need for power, one that he could
not fulfill as his father and brother as kings held power over him.
This caused a vicious cycle of seeking power that would lead to his
aggressive outbursts when people like Lionel Logue questioned his
authority.
2. Jung
Bertie’s anger was a defense mechanism to protect his ego from both
the collective unconscious and his personal unconscious. Common
archetypes like the shadow would encourage Bertie to seek power, while
the persona would encourage him to appear kind. His personal
unconscious would hold the repressed memories of mistreatment by his
nanny, brother, and father and his desire to retaliate. To integrate
all of these impulses, Bertie displaced anger towards his father and
brother, who are both more powerful than he, on everyone less
powerful, like Lionel.
3. Adler
Bertie was angry and aggressive because he had not yet overcome the
stressors in his life. The disapproval of his father, conflicts with
his brother, and speech impediment were all stressors that by
adulthood he had not resolved. Bertie was too afraid to deal with
these stressors, as exemplified by his walking out when Lionel
suggested he could be king and his unwillingness to talk about his
family. Instead, Bertie developed an inferiority complex and relied on
defense mechanisms like displacement and overcompensation to avoid the
anxiety associated with the stressors. This made Bertie seem
aggressive and narcissistic.
4. Fromm
Bertie was not encouraged to create. He had to collect stamps like his
father instead of building model airplanes and could not create
speeches like his father. Instead, Bertie tried to transcend his
passive state through destruction and aggression, as exemplified by
his angry outburst when Lionel tried to tell him how to deal with his
brother. Bertie’s need for effectiveness was unfulfilled, because his
father and brother had strong opinions and more power. Likewise, his
need for rootedness was not fulfilled; he never felt comfortable at
home between his abusive nanny, disapproving parents, and antagonistic
brother. Bertie was less emotionally stable because not all of his
needs were fulfilled.
5. Erikson
Bertie’s nanny did not meet his needs for food and affection at an
early age, so he learned to mistrust others. His father’s
authoritarian parenting style, where he wanted his son to fear him,
and disapproval for being left-handed encouraged shame and doubt
rather than autonomy in the second stage of Bertie’s development. His
speech impediment, which developed during the fourth stage of
development, left him feeling inferior and while he was intimate with
his wife and children, he did not share with those outside his family
like Lionel and felt isolated from the common man. All these emotional
troubles of mistrust, shame, doubt, inferiority, and isolation left
him unhappy and made it hard to interact with others, making him less
emotionally stable and angry.
1. Horney
Bertie was consistently denied affection and approval. At a young age,
his nanny did not feed him and was more affectionate towards his
brother. She also made him cry in the presence of his parents,
depriving him of their affection. His parents were critical of his
left handedness and his speech impediment into adulthood. His need for
affection and inability to achieve it due to his speech impediment and
strained relationship with his brother increased his level of stress
and created a vicious cycle of seeking approval, making him less
emotionally stable.
Bertie also lacked power when he was younger - his brother abused him
and his father encouraged it as a means to correct his speech
impediment. This created a neurotic need for power, one that he could
not fulfill as his father and brother as kings held power over him.
This caused a vicious cycle of seeking power that would lead to his
aggressive outbursts when people like Lionel Logue questioned his
authority.
2. Jung
Bertie’s anger was a defense mechanism to protect his ego from both
the collective unconscious and his personal unconscious. Common
archetypes like the shadow would encourage Bertie to seek power, while
the persona would encourage him to appear kind. His personal
unconscious would hold the repressed memories of mistreatment by his
nanny, brother, and father and his desire to retaliate. To integrate
all of these impulses, Bertie displaced anger towards his father and
brother, who are both more powerful than he, on everyone less
powerful, like Lionel.
3. Adler
Bertie was angry and aggressive because he had not yet overcome the
stressors in his life. The disapproval of his father, conflicts with
his brother, and speech impediment were all stressors that by
adulthood he had not resolved. Bertie was too afraid to deal with
these stressors, as exemplified by his walking out when Lionel
suggested he could be king and his unwillingness to talk about his
family. Instead, Bertie developed an inferiority complex and relied on
defense mechanisms like displacement and overcompensation to avoid the
anxiety associated with the stressors. This made Bertie seem
aggressive and narcissistic.
4. Fromm
Bertie was not encouraged to create. He had to collect stamps like his
father instead of building model airplanes and could not create
speeches like his father. Instead, Bertie tried to transcend his
passive state through destruction and aggression, as exemplified by
his angry outburst when Lionel tried to tell him how to deal with his
brother. Bertie’s need for effectiveness was unfulfilled, because his
father and brother had strong opinions and more power. Likewise, his
need for rootedness was not fulfilled; he never felt comfortable at
home between his abusive nanny, disapproving parents, and antagonistic
brother. Bertie was less emotionally stable because not all of his
needs were fulfilled.
5. Erikson
Bertie’s nanny did not meet his needs for food and affection at an
early age, so he learned to mistrust others. His father’s
authoritarian parenting style, where he wanted his son to fear him,
and disapproval for being left-handed encouraged shame and doubt
rather than autonomy in the second stage of Bertie’s development. His
speech impediment, which developed during the fourth stage of
development, left him feeling inferior and while he was intimate with
his wife and children, he did not share with those outside his family
like Lionel and felt isolated from the common man. All these emotional
troubles of mistrust, shame, doubt, inferiority, and isolation left
him unhappy and made it hard to interact with others, making him less
emotionally stable and angry.
Alexander Golob
Apr 23, 2012, 6:26:42 AM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie’s Relationship with Logue
Karen Horney:
Bertie’s initial neurotic need for self-sufficiency led him to be
unwilling to relate with Lionel. Because Bertie was constantly
controlled by his disapproving father, a brother who spoke for Bertie,
and a nanny who controlled his parents’ perception of him, a need for
independence was never filled. This exhibited itself in Bertie not
opening up to Lionel. However, as Lionel helps Bertie deal with the
problems that prevented his independence, Bertie becomes more willing
to speak openly with Lionel.
Carl Jung:
Bertie’s initially fluctuating relationship with Lionel was a defense
mechanism to protect his ego from the collective unconscious’
archetypes as well as Bertie’s unconscious beliefs. The persona
archetype would have Bertie be powerful and in control of “the common
man”. However, his anima archetype encourages Bertie to be kind and
form a bond with Lionel. Furthermore, Bertie’s unconscious’ belief
that a king should be powerful and above the help of any other person
is at odds with receiving help from any other person. This dissonance
between these beliefs and reality caused Bertie to act out towards
Lionel.
Alfred Adler:
Bertie’s relationship with Lionel was initially marked by aggression
and overcompensation. According the Adler, this is because Bertie held
an inferiority complex developed by past stressful experiences that
were never dealt with. These experiences range from feeling
disapproval from his father, not being able to speak for himself,
relying on his older brother to speak and interact for him, and
knowing that he is beneath his brother as hier to the throne.
Erich Fromm:
According to Fromm, Bertie’s relationship with Lionel developed as a
way to fulfill Bertie’s eight basic needs. When first meeting Lionel,
Bertie was looking to fill his need for effectiveness, wanting to feel
accomplished. However, as they got to know each other, their
relationship grew stronger because it impacted Bertie’s sense of
identity, relatedness, and frame of orientation. From this
relationship, Bertie’s sense of identity changed from a submissive
individual to a man with a voice. Furthermore, Lionel helps Bertie
realize his frame of orientation by getting him to embrace the
kingship. Most importantly, Bertie, originally without any friends,
finds his need for relatedness filled by his bond and then friendship
with Lionel.
Erik Erikson:
Although there are various stages where conflict arose in Bertie’s
life, the stage relevant to the relationship between Bertie and Lionel
is the fifth stage, focussing on ages 13 to 19, that involves
discovering one’s identity. This stage Each of Erikson is where Bertie
would create an identity for himself, particularly in social
relationships. However, in his youth, Bertie had only his older
brother as a friend. His brother constantly played a dominant role,
introducing him to women and presumably speaking for him. This
identity as a quiet and submissive individual created conflict between
Lionel and Bertie when Lionel demanded complete equality. However,
Bertie finally resolved this conflict and reformed his identity,
calling Lionel a “friend” by the end of the film.
Karen Horney:
Bertie’s initial neurotic need for self-sufficiency led him to be
unwilling to relate with Lionel. Because Bertie was constantly
controlled by his disapproving father, a brother who spoke for Bertie,
and a nanny who controlled his parents’ perception of him, a need for
independence was never filled. This exhibited itself in Bertie not
opening up to Lionel. However, as Lionel helps Bertie deal with the
problems that prevented his independence, Bertie becomes more willing
to speak openly with Lionel.
Carl Jung:
Bertie’s initially fluctuating relationship with Lionel was a defense
mechanism to protect his ego from the collective unconscious’
archetypes as well as Bertie’s unconscious beliefs. The persona
archetype would have Bertie be powerful and in control of “the common
man”. However, his anima archetype encourages Bertie to be kind and
form a bond with Lionel. Furthermore, Bertie’s unconscious’ belief
that a king should be powerful and above the help of any other person
is at odds with receiving help from any other person. This dissonance
between these beliefs and reality caused Bertie to act out towards
Lionel.
Alfred Adler:
Bertie’s relationship with Lionel was initially marked by aggression
and overcompensation. According the Adler, this is because Bertie held
an inferiority complex developed by past stressful experiences that
were never dealt with. These experiences range from feeling
disapproval from his father, not being able to speak for himself,
relying on his older brother to speak and interact for him, and
knowing that he is beneath his brother as hier to the throne.
Erich Fromm:
According to Fromm, Bertie’s relationship with Lionel developed as a
way to fulfill Bertie’s eight basic needs. When first meeting Lionel,
Bertie was looking to fill his need for effectiveness, wanting to feel
accomplished. However, as they got to know each other, their
relationship grew stronger because it impacted Bertie’s sense of
identity, relatedness, and frame of orientation. From this
relationship, Bertie’s sense of identity changed from a submissive
individual to a man with a voice. Furthermore, Lionel helps Bertie
realize his frame of orientation by getting him to embrace the
kingship. Most importantly, Bertie, originally without any friends,
finds his need for relatedness filled by his bond and then friendship
with Lionel.
Erik Erikson:
Although there are various stages where conflict arose in Bertie’s
life, the stage relevant to the relationship between Bertie and Lionel
is the fifth stage, focussing on ages 13 to 19, that involves
discovering one’s identity. This stage Each of Erikson is where Bertie
would create an identity for himself, particularly in social
relationships. However, in his youth, Bertie had only his older
brother as a friend. His brother constantly played a dominant role,
introducing him to women and presumably speaking for him. This
identity as a quiet and submissive individual created conflict between
Lionel and Bertie when Lionel demanded complete equality. However,
Bertie finally resolved this conflict and reformed his identity,
calling Lionel a “friend” by the end of the film.
Cara Skelly
Apr 23, 2012, 11:35:45 AM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
The cause of Bertie's speech impediment
1. Karen Horney
Horney discusses the vicious cycle of royalty and this relates to the
development of Bertie's speech impediment. She would say his problems
begin their impact at a young age when he is first anxious about his
life as a royal and what that means. These anxieties force him to look
at his perceived faults such as his speech, his being a lefty and his
bad posture. The constant comparison to his brother, who is the heir
and has none of this faults, can cause these feelings to strengthen.
This would then lead, according to Horney, to more nerves and stresses
when he must display these faults, like when he has to give speeches
and causing him to choke up and limiting his speaking ability.
2. Carl Jung
Jung developed the idea of the collective unconscious and the
archetype of a leader. Bertie's father, the king, shows the impact of
the archetypical king on his life. Bertie is unable to individuate
his self - conscious and complete the archetype of a king or a royal
son because the image that his father projects is too strong. This
leads to conflict within Bertie, which presents itself as a speech
impediment.
3. Alfred Alder
Bertie has low self - esteem problems from his speech problems and the
bullying his brother and father inflicted upon him from a young age.
He is also the middle child. In many situations, the middle child does
not receive the same amount of attention that the oldest child
receives (especially because the oldest child here is David, the heir
to the throne) or the amount of babying that the youngest does. This
leads to a sense of insecurity and, coupled with his already low self-
esteem and bullying from those close to him, a speech impediment.
4. Erich Fromm
Fromm focuses on his eight basic needs: relatedness (healthy
relationships with others), transcendence (dealing with the uncaring
universe by either destroying or creating), rootedness (a desire to
find a home and put down roots), sense of identity (developing a
individual personality versus conforming to a group), frame of
orientation (finding your place in the world), excitation and
stimulation (striving for a goal instead of waiting for it), unity
(feeling united with humanity and nature) and effectiveness (a need to
feel accomplished). Bertie does not fulfill some of these important
needs, leading to problems with his self - esteem and insecurity. For
example, Bertie struggles with the need of relatedness, in his
relationships with his parents, brother and Lionel at the beginning of
the movie. He certainly struggles to define himself as an individual,
his frame of orientation and his effectiveness. All of these could,
according to Fromm, lead to his speech impediment as representation of
how he cannot function properly without meeting all of these needs.
5. Erik Erikson
Erikson has eight stages everyone must pass through. If someone does
not enter the stage and get through the crisis each stage has,
correctly, it will lead to problems. The conflict Erikson finds in the
first crisis is trust vs. mistrust. It begins with the child's birth
and continues through age 1. Success in this conflict depends on the
relationship with the mother/caregiver. Bertie was raised by nannies
that abused him and it is unlikely that his mother, as the queen, had
a large role in the first years of his life. If Bertie did not feel he
could trust his primary caretaker from a young age, his speech
impediment could develop because he was unable to triumph against this
crisis.
1. Karen Horney
Horney discusses the vicious cycle of royalty and this relates to the
development of Bertie's speech impediment. She would say his problems
begin their impact at a young age when he is first anxious about his
life as a royal and what that means. These anxieties force him to look
at his perceived faults such as his speech, his being a lefty and his
bad posture. The constant comparison to his brother, who is the heir
and has none of this faults, can cause these feelings to strengthen.
This would then lead, according to Horney, to more nerves and stresses
when he must display these faults, like when he has to give speeches
and causing him to choke up and limiting his speaking ability.
2. Carl Jung
Jung developed the idea of the collective unconscious and the
archetype of a leader. Bertie's father, the king, shows the impact of
the archetypical king on his life. Bertie is unable to individuate
his self - conscious and complete the archetype of a king or a royal
son because the image that his father projects is too strong. This
leads to conflict within Bertie, which presents itself as a speech
impediment.
3. Alfred Alder
Bertie has low self - esteem problems from his speech problems and the
bullying his brother and father inflicted upon him from a young age.
He is also the middle child. In many situations, the middle child does
not receive the same amount of attention that the oldest child
receives (especially because the oldest child here is David, the heir
to the throne) or the amount of babying that the youngest does. This
leads to a sense of insecurity and, coupled with his already low self-
esteem and bullying from those close to him, a speech impediment.
4. Erich Fromm
Fromm focuses on his eight basic needs: relatedness (healthy
relationships with others), transcendence (dealing with the uncaring
universe by either destroying or creating), rootedness (a desire to
find a home and put down roots), sense of identity (developing a
individual personality versus conforming to a group), frame of
orientation (finding your place in the world), excitation and
stimulation (striving for a goal instead of waiting for it), unity
(feeling united with humanity and nature) and effectiveness (a need to
feel accomplished). Bertie does not fulfill some of these important
needs, leading to problems with his self - esteem and insecurity. For
example, Bertie struggles with the need of relatedness, in his
relationships with his parents, brother and Lionel at the beginning of
the movie. He certainly struggles to define himself as an individual,
his frame of orientation and his effectiveness. All of these could,
according to Fromm, lead to his speech impediment as representation of
how he cannot function properly without meeting all of these needs.
5. Erik Erikson
Erikson has eight stages everyone must pass through. If someone does
not enter the stage and get through the crisis each stage has,
correctly, it will lead to problems. The conflict Erikson finds in the
first crisis is trust vs. mistrust. It begins with the child's birth
and continues through age 1. Success in this conflict depends on the
relationship with the mother/caregiver. Bertie was raised by nannies
that abused him and it is unlikely that his mother, as the queen, had
a large role in the first years of his life. If Bertie did not feel he
could trust his primary caretaker from a young age, his speech
impediment could develop because he was unable to triumph against this
crisis.
Carly Conway
Apr 23, 2012, 4:30:19 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
-Karen Horney
Bertie was abused as a child from his nanny, and because he was left
handed. It is very likely that Bertie’s speech impediment was caused
by these types of traumas he faced as a child. Horney would say that
he developed the speech impediment came from him not having approval
for who he is, or enough affection. Also, he never felt he achieved
anything when always being abused and punished. He could not meet
perfection, and therefore his way of withdrawal was through his voice
and the stuttering.
-Carl Jung
Jung’s collective unconscious theory would explain that Bertie’s speed
impediment would be something mental that can not be explained from
anything in his life. It is only in his unconscious and not just
repressed issues or problems.
-Alfred Adler
Adler would think that Bertie uses speed impediments as a defense
mechanism to what he faced as a child, and the pressure that was put
on him to be perfect. He would also associate his behavioral issues
and his tendency to be angry and aggressive due to his defense
mechanism and as another defense mechanism of the first one.
-Erich Fromm
Fromm’s Desire vs. Repression and his eight basic needs in life would
explain that Bertie develops his speech impediment because his sense
of identity is not excepted by his family, disturbed rootedness, and
as a noble has no unity. As he gets older the speech impediment only
gets worse due to his lack of effectiveness and not being able to feel
accomplished in anything because of the impediment.
-Erik Erikson
Erikson would focus on the first three stages to explain why Bertie
developed his speech impediment. Because nannies and not his mother
raised him, he could not develop the trust and confidence in the trust
vs. mistrust stage. Instead, he only developed mistrust and
insecurity. Also, because he was abused and was not fed normally for
three years he developed shame in the autonomy vs. shame stage. He had
stomach problems due to growing stomach ulcers and was often sick.
Bertie had no confidence in himself as a child. Also in the initiative
vs. guilt stage Bertie felt he had no ability to do things on his own
because every time he would try, he would be punished by the nanny or
because he was a lefty and it was “wrong”.
Bertie was abused as a child from his nanny, and because he was left
handed. It is very likely that Bertie’s speech impediment was caused
by these types of traumas he faced as a child. Horney would say that
he developed the speech impediment came from him not having approval
for who he is, or enough affection. Also, he never felt he achieved
anything when always being abused and punished. He could not meet
perfection, and therefore his way of withdrawal was through his voice
and the stuttering.
-Carl Jung
Jung’s collective unconscious theory would explain that Bertie’s speed
impediment would be something mental that can not be explained from
anything in his life. It is only in his unconscious and not just
repressed issues or problems.
-Alfred Adler
Adler would think that Bertie uses speed impediments as a defense
mechanism to what he faced as a child, and the pressure that was put
on him to be perfect. He would also associate his behavioral issues
and his tendency to be angry and aggressive due to his defense
mechanism and as another defense mechanism of the first one.
-Erich Fromm
Fromm’s Desire vs. Repression and his eight basic needs in life would
explain that Bertie develops his speech impediment because his sense
of identity is not excepted by his family, disturbed rootedness, and
as a noble has no unity. As he gets older the speech impediment only
gets worse due to his lack of effectiveness and not being able to feel
accomplished in anything because of the impediment.
-Erik Erikson
Erikson would focus on the first three stages to explain why Bertie
developed his speech impediment. Because nannies and not his mother
raised him, he could not develop the trust and confidence in the trust
vs. mistrust stage. Instead, he only developed mistrust and
insecurity. Also, because he was abused and was not fed normally for
three years he developed shame in the autonomy vs. shame stage. He had
stomach problems due to growing stomach ulcers and was often sick.
Bertie had no confidence in himself as a child. Also in the initiative
vs. guilt stage Bertie felt he had no ability to do things on his own
because every time he would try, he would be punished by the nanny or
because he was a lefty and it was “wrong”.
Luisa Lange
Apr 23, 2012, 4:51:35 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
The Cause of Bertie’s Speech Impediment
Karen Horney:
Horney describes a neurotic individual as having trouble coping with
and handling certain psychosocial environmental stressors resulting in
problems in their lives. Horney believes that we have ten neurotic
needs, which push us away, towards, and against others. Bertie was
unable to cope with the environmental stressors in his life, which
included abuse and neglect. Accoring to Horney, Bertie’s speech
impediment developed because he was abused and neglected as a child by
his parents, and his nanny.
Alfred Adler:
Adler emphasizes the idea of an inferiority complex, in which a person
harbors negative thoughts about themselves, and has very low self-
esteem. People who feel negatively about themselves display many
defense mechanisms. According to Adler, Bertie’s speech impediment
developed as a result of his insecurities and negative self-image.
Erich Fromm:
Fromm emphasizes that we have eight basic needs, including
relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, sense of identity, frame of
orientation, excitation and stimulation, unity, and effectiveness.
Bertie does not fulfill many of these basic needs. For example,
effectiveness requires that one feels accomplished, which Bertie does
not experience. According the Fromm, Bertie is unable to fulfill these
eight basic needs, leading to the development of his speech
impediment.
Carl Jung:
Jung emphasized the idea of the collective unconscious, and the
archetype associated with this idea. These archetypes are innate
dispositions that represent basic human behavior and situations.
Bertie was unable to manifest these archetypes, and therefore failed
to individuate. According to Jung, Bertie’s failure to manifest these
archetypes led to conflict, which resulted in the develoment of his
speech impediment.
Erik Erikson
Erikson emphasizes a structure of development that includes eight
stages, each of which is marked by a specific conflict. Stage one
includes trust vs. mistrust. If a child is well cared for, they will
develop basic trust, which will not lead to conflict. However, Bertie
did not receive appropriate nurturing and treatment as a child.
Because of this conflict, Bertie developed a speech impediment.
Karen Horney:
Horney describes a neurotic individual as having trouble coping with
and handling certain psychosocial environmental stressors resulting in
problems in their lives. Horney believes that we have ten neurotic
needs, which push us away, towards, and against others. Bertie was
unable to cope with the environmental stressors in his life, which
included abuse and neglect. Accoring to Horney, Bertie’s speech
impediment developed because he was abused and neglected as a child by
his parents, and his nanny.
Alfred Adler:
Adler emphasizes the idea of an inferiority complex, in which a person
harbors negative thoughts about themselves, and has very low self-
esteem. People who feel negatively about themselves display many
defense mechanisms. According to Adler, Bertie’s speech impediment
developed as a result of his insecurities and negative self-image.
Erich Fromm:
Fromm emphasizes that we have eight basic needs, including
relatedness, transcendence, rootedness, sense of identity, frame of
orientation, excitation and stimulation, unity, and effectiveness.
Bertie does not fulfill many of these basic needs. For example,
effectiveness requires that one feels accomplished, which Bertie does
not experience. According the Fromm, Bertie is unable to fulfill these
eight basic needs, leading to the development of his speech
impediment.
Carl Jung:
Jung emphasized the idea of the collective unconscious, and the
archetype associated with this idea. These archetypes are innate
dispositions that represent basic human behavior and situations.
Bertie was unable to manifest these archetypes, and therefore failed
to individuate. According to Jung, Bertie’s failure to manifest these
archetypes led to conflict, which resulted in the develoment of his
speech impediment.
Erik Erikson
Erikson emphasizes a structure of development that includes eight
stages, each of which is marked by a specific conflict. Stage one
includes trust vs. mistrust. If a child is well cared for, they will
develop basic trust, which will not lead to conflict. However, Bertie
did not receive appropriate nurturing and treatment as a child.
Because of this conflict, Bertie developed a speech impediment.
J Sito
Apr 23, 2012, 8:32:12 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
The Cause of Bertie's speech impediment.
1. According to Horney we can have two views of our self: the "real
self" and the "ideal self". The real self is who and what we actually
are. The ideal self is the type of person we feel that we should be.
The ideal self is used as a model to assist the real self in
developing its potential and achieving self-actualization. For
Bertie, his ideal self is the strong and capable king (or public
figure). The fact that he is unable to reach this goal makes him
despise his flaws even more. His goals are unrealistic and somewhat
fallacious. He flickers between wanting to cure his impediment and
frustrated resignation when he realizes he cannot completely heal (at
least not in a practical or timely manner). Bertie reasons that if he
cannot be completely cured then why bother with incremental
improvements (I believe this is the “nirvana” fallacy).
2. According to Jung, Bertie's ailment would likely be caused by a
failure in individuation. Essentially, he has unresolved issues from
his childhood that he has ignored rather than dealt with. However in
order to avoid problems such as this manifestation of his neuroses,
the innate elements of his personality, the different experiences his
life and the different aspects and components of his immature psyche
must become integrated into a well-functioning whole.
3. Adler would argue that birth order plays a role in determining
personality. According to Adler, firstborns are "dethroned" when a
second child comes along (no pun intended), and this may have a
lasting influence on them. This would explains why Bertie becomes such
an effective leader despite his ailments. Also, Bertie's impediment is
due to the ongoing struggle within each of us between feelings of
superiority and inferiority. An imbalance either way is compensated/
overcompensated for. As a child, his desires were countered by social
and ethical demands. His family's attempts to pressure and humiliate
him into being normal only exacerbated his problem. As a result,
Bertie avoided the spotlight, and allowed a fear of humiliation to
fester. This explanation also accounts for why the use of humor and
paradoxical injunctions through the encouragement of other verbal faux
pas (rampant use of cursing) proved effective.
4. Fromm might blame Bertie's stutter on feelings of existential
angst, asserting that because of the public nature of his life in
relation to his country, he became aware of himself as being separate
from his people while still being part of the populace. The stuttering
itself is a result of anxiety caused by this realization. He feels
"naked" and "ashamed" because of his meta-cognition. He is conscious
of himself, his vulnerability and mortality, and his powerlessness
before the forces of nature and society. His angst is largely rooted
in the fact that he is no longer simply part of the pack but is now
running point.
5. Not entirely unlike Adler, Erikson might blame Bertie's problems on
the outcome of Industry vs. Inferiority (a developmental stage). This
occurs when a child compares his self worth to others. Bertie may have
felt inferior due to any combination of his natural left-handedness
(and subsequent repression), painful splints to correct a problem with
his legs, and his abusive childhood nanny. In essence, Bertie
recognized major disparities in his abilities relative to other
children. These feelings of inferiority manifested as a stammer.
Ryan Cassidy
Apr 23, 2012, 9:21:56 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie’s Anger/ Emotional Stability
1) Karen Horney:
Horney’s ten neurotic need prove useful in analyzing Bertie in that he
is denied many of the necessities to be “successful” in life. Bertie
was pinched by his nanny and forced to cry in front of his parents,
losing their affection as a child.
He was also left-handed and forced to become righty, losing approval
from his parents, while his early stutter most likely hindered his
social recognition, personal admiration, personal achievement, and
relationships with the opposite sex. However, as his father was the
king and his brother the next in line to wear the crown, Bertie feels
an innate need for power despite the cognitive fear that his stutter
will destroy his reputation and societal dominance. Thus, when given
the chance to finally obtain the “moving against people” needs, Bertie
will take advantage and for example exploit others who are weaker than
him in title such as Logue. He releases his suppressed anger and
aggression on them as the “moving against people” is also considered
the “aggression” category by Horney.
2) Carl Jung:
Jung strayed from Freud’s personality theories in that he focused more
on an individual’s collective unconscious, whereas Freud emphasized
repressed memories and the personal unconscious. Jung’s archetypes
reside in the collective unconscious; a universal collection of
experiences that are organized in similar ways throughout the human
species. The archetypes such as the “self” cause Bertie to pursue the
most ideal person he can be (no stammer, handsome, powerful) but
conflict with his “persona” archetype in that he has to portray a
false image of himself to the public as a powerful, influential leader
that he doesn’t believe he is. Thus, Bertie’s fits of anger such as
screaming about the shilling he owes Logue and or his outburst after
unsuccessfully talking with marbles in his mouth stems from his
inability to find his self or his own “I”. Thus, Bertie’s anger and
emotional instability are enhanced by his inability to integrate his
unconscious with the conscious; causing him to lack individuation and
he doesn’t view himself as a whole person.
3) Alfred Adler:
Adler emphasized the importance of birth order on one’s personality.
Bertie was the middle child, his younger brother dying when he was
much younger and his older brother the next king after his father.
Thus, he most likely experienced much less attention from his parents
which contributed greatly to his lack of confidence and may force him
to occasionally act out aggressively in an attempt to draw attention
from those around him (or have his voice heard like when he shouts
“because I have a voice!” at Logue”). Also, due to Bertie’s
insecurities and feelings of inferiority, he has developed a
superiority complex to mask his true inner emotions, thus he acts
angry and upset with Logue often because Logue is below him or
“inferior” to him in society’s eyes, yet Bertie is the true insecure
one (causing him to rely on defense mechanisms constantly to feel
innately satisfied).
4) Erich Fromm:
Fromm believed in a person’s eight basic needs to having a healthy and
successful personality. However, Bertie lacks in three of the 8 major
categories including sense of identity, frame of orientation, and
effectiveness. Bertie struggles with his familial expectations as he
is a member of the royal family, while society also expects him to be
an influential and powerful figure. These expectations are opposite
his natural quietness, reserved nature while his family expects him to
rule the country, thus causing an identity crisis in his life. This
lack of identity, lack of understanding his purpose in the world and
where he belongs (he doesn’t think he belongs on the throne but is
forced into it due to his brother’s marriage) and his meager
effectiveness (he struggles leading the country and delivering
effective, impressive speeches) could contribute to his impulsive
insults and abrupt anger; he is unable to contain his innate feelings
of frustration due to the lack of these three basic needs.
5) Erik Erikson:
Erikson’s early stages of psychosocial development can likely be
analyzed and applied to Bertie’s current life. In stage 4 of his 8
stage theory (the industry versus inferiority stage) Bertie must have
felt a difficulty applying himself and completing tasks as his nanny
proved to be abusive and quite unethical in her approach to raising a
child. Bertie discussed having his stutter since 5 years old, which is
the very beginning of this stage as the period usually occurs within
children of 5-12 years old. However, Bertie may not have applied
himself and completed tasks as he was often isolated and constantly
made fun of by his older brother, as well as physically and
emotionally damaged by his nanny at a young age, experiences that can
enhance feelings of inferiority or incompetence. These feelings are
lost though as Bertie uses overcompensation as a defense mechanism and
allows his anger to serve as a symbol of superiority over others, when
in reality it is just a reflection of his inner insecurity.
1) Karen Horney:
Horney’s ten neurotic need prove useful in analyzing Bertie in that he
is denied many of the necessities to be “successful” in life. Bertie
was pinched by his nanny and forced to cry in front of his parents,
losing their affection as a child.
He was also left-handed and forced to become righty, losing approval
from his parents, while his early stutter most likely hindered his
social recognition, personal admiration, personal achievement, and
relationships with the opposite sex. However, as his father was the
king and his brother the next in line to wear the crown, Bertie feels
an innate need for power despite the cognitive fear that his stutter
will destroy his reputation and societal dominance. Thus, when given
the chance to finally obtain the “moving against people” needs, Bertie
will take advantage and for example exploit others who are weaker than
him in title such as Logue. He releases his suppressed anger and
aggression on them as the “moving against people” is also considered
the “aggression” category by Horney.
2) Carl Jung:
Jung strayed from Freud’s personality theories in that he focused more
on an individual’s collective unconscious, whereas Freud emphasized
repressed memories and the personal unconscious. Jung’s archetypes
reside in the collective unconscious; a universal collection of
experiences that are organized in similar ways throughout the human
species. The archetypes such as the “self” cause Bertie to pursue the
most ideal person he can be (no stammer, handsome, powerful) but
conflict with his “persona” archetype in that he has to portray a
false image of himself to the public as a powerful, influential leader
that he doesn’t believe he is. Thus, Bertie’s fits of anger such as
screaming about the shilling he owes Logue and or his outburst after
unsuccessfully talking with marbles in his mouth stems from his
inability to find his self or his own “I”. Thus, Bertie’s anger and
emotional instability are enhanced by his inability to integrate his
unconscious with the conscious; causing him to lack individuation and
he doesn’t view himself as a whole person.
3) Alfred Adler:
Adler emphasized the importance of birth order on one’s personality.
Bertie was the middle child, his younger brother dying when he was
much younger and his older brother the next king after his father.
Thus, he most likely experienced much less attention from his parents
which contributed greatly to his lack of confidence and may force him
to occasionally act out aggressively in an attempt to draw attention
from those around him (or have his voice heard like when he shouts
“because I have a voice!” at Logue”). Also, due to Bertie’s
insecurities and feelings of inferiority, he has developed a
superiority complex to mask his true inner emotions, thus he acts
angry and upset with Logue often because Logue is below him or
“inferior” to him in society’s eyes, yet Bertie is the true insecure
one (causing him to rely on defense mechanisms constantly to feel
innately satisfied).
4) Erich Fromm:
Fromm believed in a person’s eight basic needs to having a healthy and
successful personality. However, Bertie lacks in three of the 8 major
categories including sense of identity, frame of orientation, and
effectiveness. Bertie struggles with his familial expectations as he
is a member of the royal family, while society also expects him to be
an influential and powerful figure. These expectations are opposite
his natural quietness, reserved nature while his family expects him to
rule the country, thus causing an identity crisis in his life. This
lack of identity, lack of understanding his purpose in the world and
where he belongs (he doesn’t think he belongs on the throne but is
forced into it due to his brother’s marriage) and his meager
effectiveness (he struggles leading the country and delivering
effective, impressive speeches) could contribute to his impulsive
insults and abrupt anger; he is unable to contain his innate feelings
of frustration due to the lack of these three basic needs.
5) Erik Erikson:
Erikson’s early stages of psychosocial development can likely be
analyzed and applied to Bertie’s current life. In stage 4 of his 8
stage theory (the industry versus inferiority stage) Bertie must have
felt a difficulty applying himself and completing tasks as his nanny
proved to be abusive and quite unethical in her approach to raising a
child. Bertie discussed having his stutter since 5 years old, which is
the very beginning of this stage as the period usually occurs within
children of 5-12 years old. However, Bertie may not have applied
himself and completed tasks as he was often isolated and constantly
made fun of by his older brother, as well as physically and
emotionally damaged by his nanny at a young age, experiences that can
enhance feelings of inferiority or incompetence. These feelings are
lost though as Bertie uses overcompensation as a defense mechanism and
allows his anger to serve as a symbol of superiority over others, when
in reality it is just a reflection of his inner insecurity.
Cody O'Brien
Apr 23, 2012, 9:23:15 PM4/23/12
to baddeley...@googlegroups.com
Bertie’s relationship with Logue
Karen Horney
The categories that Horney describes are those of compliance, detachment and aggression, all of which can be seen in his relationship with Logue. Bertie is plagued with a need to find companionship, but lacks the ability to express his want to do so. He wants to establish a more personal relationship with Logue, but is also skeptical and uncomfortable given Bertie’s past and lack of success with others. This shows the existence of both the compliance and detachment need. Aggression is seen in the examples when Bertie angrily explodes at Lionel for his unorthodox teaching methods, or his lack of credentials. It is also seen in a desire for Bertie to express control of Logue, given his natural higher-born status
Carl Jung
Lionel’s role could be said to be one of helping Bertie to realize his place in respect to the collective unconscious. Bertie is determined to play the part of king, unifier, moral booster, leader, and many other responsibilities that come along with being a king. Lionel helps Bertie to realize the roots of his stammer and the actions he must take to overcome it.
Alfred Adler
The birth of an inferiority complex happens because of the replacing of defense mechanisms for an actual solution to the problem. Bertie feels insecure about his role as a political figure and a man because of his stammer. He feels he is not truly what he is supposed to be. These feelings are projected onto Lionel by accusing him of fraudulence and false claims to being a doctor. This is much easier than confronting his own insecurities as a person, thus facilitating the existence of his inferiority complex.
Erich Fromm
Bertie’s relationship with Logue serves to satisfy the need for relatedness. Besides his wife and children, Bertie has no one in which to confide or experience truly personal relationships. A lot of this is due to his impediment, making it hard for him to communicate with others or feel secure in his self, which then make it harder to form connections with others. Logue’s insistence on the creation of a personal relationship helps Bertie to overcome this insecurity and satisfy the need for relatedness.
Erik Erikson
At Bertie’s age, the conflicts are for generativity and intimacy. Bertie has achieved the former, shown by the care for his children and the very desire to be a king, but has relatively failed in the latter. Besides his wife, he is not intimate with anyone else, so we know. The personal and caring relationship with Logue helps Bertie to succeed in this conflict and move on successfully to the next stage of his life.
reed westerman
Apr 23, 2012, 10:00:09 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie's anger problems
1.Horney believed that a person was not fueled by conscious and
subconscious memories from childhood but rather that one's personality
and attitude could be changed and developed through out one's life.
Some examples of neuroses that happened would be stammering in front
of the crowd at the world fair, being unable to talk with his
children, and being unable to fight back against his brother. This
would leave him very frustrated and irritable about his life and could
explain his short fuse with anger.
2.Jung believed that symbolism was one of the best way for humans to
understand things that were unknown. Because the cause or reasons of
Bertie's stammer were unknown, he symbolized it with weakness and
inferiority. This would create a complex that would cause him to be
very angry and have issues with anger.
3.Adler believed that inferiority played a big role in development.
Through out Bertie's life, he was inferior. His brother was the heir
and he was second. His dad and brother bullied him because of his
stammer and this created a thought that Bertie was inferior to the
rest of his family members. This sense of inferiority created a large
amount of anger within Bertie because there was nothing he could do
but let it build up since he was inferior to those around him.
4.Fromm believes that people have to feel connected to other people
through reason and love. There was little love to go around in
Bertie's childhood as he was always the second child and his nanny
didn't feed him enough. This probably hurt his ability to be a nice
human being and is thus why he has anger issues.
5. Erikson would argue that Bertie developed his anger problems during
his fourth stage—competence. At this stage (6-11 years old), Bertie
would begin to compare his abilities to those around him. His stammer
was present by this age so he would realize that everybody could talk
right besides him and that he was inferior then everybody else making
him angry and upset, but too inferior to do anything about it.
1.Horney believed that a person was not fueled by conscious and
subconscious memories from childhood but rather that one's personality
and attitude could be changed and developed through out one's life.
Some examples of neuroses that happened would be stammering in front
of the crowd at the world fair, being unable to talk with his
children, and being unable to fight back against his brother. This
would leave him very frustrated and irritable about his life and could
explain his short fuse with anger.
2.Jung believed that symbolism was one of the best way for humans to
understand things that were unknown. Because the cause or reasons of
Bertie's stammer were unknown, he symbolized it with weakness and
inferiority. This would create a complex that would cause him to be
very angry and have issues with anger.
3.Adler believed that inferiority played a big role in development.
Through out Bertie's life, he was inferior. His brother was the heir
and he was second. His dad and brother bullied him because of his
stammer and this created a thought that Bertie was inferior to the
rest of his family members. This sense of inferiority created a large
amount of anger within Bertie because there was nothing he could do
but let it build up since he was inferior to those around him.
4.Fromm believes that people have to feel connected to other people
through reason and love. There was little love to go around in
Bertie's childhood as he was always the second child and his nanny
didn't feed him enough. This probably hurt his ability to be a nice
human being and is thus why he has anger issues.
5. Erikson would argue that Bertie developed his anger problems during
his fourth stage—competence. At this stage (6-11 years old), Bertie
would begin to compare his abilities to those around him. His stammer
was present by this age so he would realize that everybody could talk
right besides him and that he was inferior then everybody else making
him angry and upset, but too inferior to do anything about it.
Ashley Brede
Apr 23, 2012, 10:10:29 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie’s anger and emotional stability
Karen Horney
She believes that if we need one of the 10 main needs too much that
we will become stressed. Bertie is angry and emotionally unstable,
particularly when dealing with Logue. I believe this is because he
needs the approval of Logue and the society, that he has achieved the
ability to speak on the radio without stuttering. Bertie needs
approval and achievement, and lacking it is stressing him out and in
turn making him emotionally unstable.
Carl Jung
The collective unconscious at this time believed that people with
speech impediments are just not trying hard enough to talk correctly
(according to Bertie’s father, and the beatings that Bertie received
as a child). So, because this is the collective unconscious, Bertie is
stuck in a place where no one understands that he physically cannot
make out the words, and is therefore easily angered and emotionally
unstable.
Alfred Adler
Bertie is stuck in an inferiority complex, and in turn is rude,
because he has yet to overcome his teleological stressors. He is stuck
using defense mechanisms to cope with his shame regarding his speech
impediment, and has in turn become rude and angry.
Erich Fromm
Bertie is struggling with automaton conformity, because he must
change his speech in order to fit in with what society believes a king
should sound like. This causes Bertie to feel stressed and emotionally
unstable, because he is unable to be who he really is.
Erik Erikson
Bertie is struggling with Erikson’s 5th stage, identity vs. role
confusion, because he is changing careers (aka: becoming the king),
and has a low self-esteem because of his inability to give speeches.
Bertie is a mature man, but is confused with his identity because his
father, society, his wife, and himself all tell him that he is someone
else, therefore leaving him emotionally unstable.
Karen Horney
She believes that if we need one of the 10 main needs too much that
we will become stressed. Bertie is angry and emotionally unstable,
particularly when dealing with Logue. I believe this is because he
needs the approval of Logue and the society, that he has achieved the
ability to speak on the radio without stuttering. Bertie needs
approval and achievement, and lacking it is stressing him out and in
turn making him emotionally unstable.
Carl Jung
The collective unconscious at this time believed that people with
speech impediments are just not trying hard enough to talk correctly
(according to Bertie’s father, and the beatings that Bertie received
as a child). So, because this is the collective unconscious, Bertie is
stuck in a place where no one understands that he physically cannot
make out the words, and is therefore easily angered and emotionally
unstable.
Alfred Adler
Bertie is stuck in an inferiority complex, and in turn is rude,
because he has yet to overcome his teleological stressors. He is stuck
using defense mechanisms to cope with his shame regarding his speech
impediment, and has in turn become rude and angry.
Erich Fromm
Bertie is struggling with automaton conformity, because he must
change his speech in order to fit in with what society believes a king
should sound like. This causes Bertie to feel stressed and emotionally
unstable, because he is unable to be who he really is.
Erik Erikson
Bertie is struggling with Erikson’s 5th stage, identity vs. role
confusion, because he is changing careers (aka: becoming the king),
and has a low self-esteem because of his inability to give speeches.
Bertie is a mature man, but is confused with his identity because his
father, society, his wife, and himself all tell him that he is someone
else, therefore leaving him emotionally unstable.
claireclendenen
Apr 23, 2012, 10:25:11 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie's perception of self
Karen Horney:
Horney would say that Bertie has a poor perception of himself because
he fails to meet the expectations of his "ideal self". She would say
he became neurotic, and developed a speech impediment because he never
could live up to his fathers expecatations. Bertie wanted to be
perfect, but was constantly put down by his nanny, his father and his
brother. Horney would say that Bertie could not become "actualized"
because he was stuck in a never ending cycle of self-hate.
Carl Jung:
Jung would say that Bertie has not achieved individuation, therefore
he does not have a good perception of self. Jung would say that he has
not combined his collective unconscious and his personal conscious,
and consequently not becoming "whole". Jung believes that
individuation results in better pysical and mental health. In order
for Bertie to achieve a better perception of self, Jung thinks that he
must talk about his past and how it caused his stutter to address his
personal unconscious. He also must discover his collective unconscious
and become king.
Alfred Adler:
Adler would say that Bertie had a poor perception of self because he
did not adress the stressors in his life, and instead avoided them. He
would say that Bertie uses his stammer to avoid his memories of abuse
as a child and the pressures of becoming king. Adler would say that
Bertie has a good perception of self at the end of the movie because
he has confronted his issues with the help of Logue.
Erich Fromm:
Fromm would say that Bertie has a poor perception of self because he
failed to achieve all eight basic needs. Bertie failed to achieve
relatedness because he had failed relationships with his father,
brother and nanny. He also failed to achieve effectiveness because he
felt as though he could not be a good leader because of his speech
impediment. Fromm would say Bertie failed to become an "individualized
man".
Erik Erikson:
Erikson would say that Bertie failed to have a good perception of self
because Bertie did not complete his stages of psychosocial
development. Berties neglect and abuse from his nanny and his father
as a child did not allow him to successfully complete stages
neccessary to healthily move from infancy into adulthood.
Karen Horney:
Horney would say that Bertie has a poor perception of himself because
he fails to meet the expectations of his "ideal self". She would say
he became neurotic, and developed a speech impediment because he never
could live up to his fathers expecatations. Bertie wanted to be
perfect, but was constantly put down by his nanny, his father and his
brother. Horney would say that Bertie could not become "actualized"
because he was stuck in a never ending cycle of self-hate.
Carl Jung:
Jung would say that Bertie has not achieved individuation, therefore
he does not have a good perception of self. Jung would say that he has
not combined his collective unconscious and his personal conscious,
and consequently not becoming "whole". Jung believes that
individuation results in better pysical and mental health. In order
for Bertie to achieve a better perception of self, Jung thinks that he
must talk about his past and how it caused his stutter to address his
personal unconscious. He also must discover his collective unconscious
and become king.
Alfred Adler:
Adler would say that Bertie had a poor perception of self because he
did not adress the stressors in his life, and instead avoided them. He
would say that Bertie uses his stammer to avoid his memories of abuse
as a child and the pressures of becoming king. Adler would say that
Bertie has a good perception of self at the end of the movie because
he has confronted his issues with the help of Logue.
Erich Fromm:
Fromm would say that Bertie has a poor perception of self because he
failed to achieve all eight basic needs. Bertie failed to achieve
relatedness because he had failed relationships with his father,
brother and nanny. He also failed to achieve effectiveness because he
felt as though he could not be a good leader because of his speech
impediment. Fromm would say Bertie failed to become an "individualized
man".
Erik Erikson:
Erikson would say that Bertie failed to have a good perception of self
because Bertie did not complete his stages of psychosocial
development. Berties neglect and abuse from his nanny and his father
as a child did not allow him to successfully complete stages
neccessary to healthily move from infancy into adulthood.
mike vivo
Apr 23, 2012, 11:11:19 PM4/23/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
4. Bertie's perception of himself
Karen Horney
Horney would say that Bertie's inability to accept that he could be
king is due to him not achieving self-actualization. She would say
this because she believed in Maslow's hierarchy. She would say that
his "real self" matures throughout the movie, and Bertie develops into
his "ideal self (a mental model of how they should be) Also, Honey may
suggest that Lionel removed Bertie from his pattern of what Horney
called "the tyranny of shoulds." This is essentially an endless search
for glory that would hinder reaching self actualization.
Carl Jung
Jung would say that in order to achieve self actualization, Bertie
must first search through his past for unpleasant or painful memories.
He must understand the ramifications of the situations that block him
from achieving actualization. Jung would say that Bertie made
significant progress by revealing to Lionel that he was abused as a
child. Carl would likely have reinforced this behavior.
Alfred Adler
Adler would say that Bertie couldn't achieve self-actualization
because of an unconscious inferiority complex. His brother plays the
role of the person that everybody likes. In addition Bertie developed
a stammer. This made him feel further inferior and contributed to him
being unable to accept that he was indeed king material. Alder would
have taken note whenever Bertie acts unjustly hostile toward his
brother, and would likely not reinforce Bertie's actions.
Erich Fromm
Fromm would say that growing up in the royal family has constricted
Bertie from individuality, and self actualization. He would say that
because Bertie has been stammering his whole life, society now expects
him to. The pressure from this results in Bertie conforming, that is,
Bertie is constantly attempting to adhere to the standards set to him
by society. This detracts from Bertie finding himself (self
actualization) and realizing his true potential.(being a great king)
Erik Erikson
Erikson would say that Bertie's mistrust is probably due to a
disruption in the infancy stage of development. (0-18 months) Being in
the royal family, Bertie probably didn't feel the sense of reliability
and care during his infancy. This is why Bertie has trouble trusting
the people around him. This includes family, consultants and
psychiatrists, including Lionel.
Karen Horney
Horney would say that Bertie's inability to accept that he could be
king is due to him not achieving self-actualization. She would say
this because she believed in Maslow's hierarchy. She would say that
his "real self" matures throughout the movie, and Bertie develops into
his "ideal self (a mental model of how they should be) Also, Honey may
suggest that Lionel removed Bertie from his pattern of what Horney
called "the tyranny of shoulds." This is essentially an endless search
for glory that would hinder reaching self actualization.
Carl Jung
Jung would say that in order to achieve self actualization, Bertie
must first search through his past for unpleasant or painful memories.
He must understand the ramifications of the situations that block him
from achieving actualization. Jung would say that Bertie made
significant progress by revealing to Lionel that he was abused as a
child. Carl would likely have reinforced this behavior.
Alfred Adler
Adler would say that Bertie couldn't achieve self-actualization
because of an unconscious inferiority complex. His brother plays the
role of the person that everybody likes. In addition Bertie developed
a stammer. This made him feel further inferior and contributed to him
being unable to accept that he was indeed king material. Alder would
have taken note whenever Bertie acts unjustly hostile toward his
brother, and would likely not reinforce Bertie's actions.
Erich Fromm
Fromm would say that growing up in the royal family has constricted
Bertie from individuality, and self actualization. He would say that
because Bertie has been stammering his whole life, society now expects
him to. The pressure from this results in Bertie conforming, that is,
Bertie is constantly attempting to adhere to the standards set to him
by society. This detracts from Bertie finding himself (self
actualization) and realizing his true potential.(being a great king)
Erik Erikson
Erikson would say that Bertie's mistrust is probably due to a
disruption in the infancy stage of development. (0-18 months) Being in
the royal family, Bertie probably didn't feel the sense of reliability
and care during his infancy. This is why Bertie has trouble trusting
the people around him. This includes family, consultants and
psychiatrists, including Lionel.
jack dario
Apr 23, 2012, 11:18:31 PM4/23/12
to baddeley...@googlegroups.com
The issue of Bertie's I have chosen to look at is his the causes of the speech impediment that plagues him well into his adult life. Horney would probably say that the cause of his speech impediment is the mistreatment from the nanny that disregarded feeding Bertie as a small child. Though usually used to look at parents, the nanny is also a caregiving figure, and mistreatment from her could have caused Bertie's trouble with speech. When asked to asses Bertie's speech impediment and it's causes, Carl Jung would probably disagree with Horney, and say that the impediment was not caused by a specific factor such as an "evil nanny", but rather something Bertie just has because he was born with it. Fromm would, like Horney, probably say that mistreatment from the caregivers in his early childhood caused his stammer. Erikson would probably agree with Fromm and Horney and say that Bertie suffers with his stammer because he did not feel the care that he was supposed to from his caregivers are a child. Adler would say that Bertie was mistreated, ad therefor never able to feel confident in himself, causing his stammer.
alex moody
Apr 24, 2012, 12:00:18 AM4/24/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Bertie’s perception of self
Karen Horney:
Horney might say that Bertie has not satisfied his neurotic need for
Karen Horney:
approval and affection, because his nanny favored his brother over him
and because of this abused him in his youth. He did not get approval
or affection from her, and because she kept him from his parents, he
didn’t get it from them either. Because he has unfulfilled needs in
the compliance category, he would be more likely to be influenced by
others, and in doing so trusts and respects himself less.
Carl Jung:
Jung might say that Bertie has not individuated, and because of this
is unable to look at his situation and himself in a wholistic manner.
Jung also focused a lot of his work on the effects of spirituality,
and throughout the film Bertie is not portrayed as a religious man,
and the characters in the film connected to the church are more
laughable than spiritually fulfilled. Jung might say that because
Bertie is not spiritual, he does not feel he can reach his innate
potential, and because of this would have a negative self image.
Alfred Adler:
Adler would say that Bertie has an inferiority complex both because of
his speech impediment and because of his relationship because of his
brother. His brother was older, and more popular when they were
growing up. This along with his inability to fix his speech impediment
would cause Bertie to think poorly of himself
Erich Fromm:
Fromm would say that because Bertie feels trapped in his political/
family situation, he has lost his freedom. This loss of autonomy and
control over what he can and can’t do would change his perception of
his individuality and with that his self actualization. This would
impede his personal growth and negatively affect his self-image.
Erik Erikson:
Erikson might point to issues in stage 2, autonomy vs shame and doubt,
as the cause of Bertie’s negative perception of himself. Unable to
assert himself enough to get away from the ill treatment of his nanny,
Bertie might have developed problems with independence, characterized
by feeling ashamed and doubtful. These feelings may have carried over
into how he deals with trying to fix his speech impediment
independently, and his failure in that would cause him to lose even
more faith in himself.
Laura Scott
Apr 24, 2012, 3:42:48 AM4/24/12
to baddeley...@googlegroups.com
Bertie’s Anger/Emotional Stability
-Karen Horney: Bertie’s anxiety is cyclical and each recurring, nerve-wracking event causes more stress, which leads to future stuttering. He is overtly focused upon his own faults, feeling inferior not only as a member of the royal family, but as a person in general. He does not feel like a king, nor believe he is fit to be one, as he cannot see past the exterior appearance. He has very fixed ideals for what royalty should be like, and does not believe he fits this mold. He displays great neuroticism, being prone to anxiety, worry, and guilt.
-Carl Jung: Bertie’s father, a majestic, “kingly” figure, helps perpetuate this
ideal king image in Bertie’s mind. His father is very strict and demanding,
commanding attention and power from his subjects. Bertie idolizes his father’s
authority and control to create this archtype. Bertie’s self-esteem is further
lowered by the small problems his body seems to have; his knee and
left-handedness both had to be “corrected”, suggesting to Bertie when young
that there was already something innately wrong about him.
-Alfred Adler: Bertie has low self-esteem due to being passively “bullied” by
his father and his older brother, and feels inferior to both of them. Also, he
may draw feelings of inconsequentiality and insecurity due to being the middle
child in the family, a traditionally understated role. In comparison, the
eldest child often has more attention and responsibility placed on them, and
the youngest is often the most cared for or spoiled. His standing as middle
child places him on inferior ground, at least in his eyes.
-Erich Fromm: Bertie is not taught to grow a sense of independence or
rebellion. He maintains strictly to the law, and to the rules of society. He is
often concerned with “impropriety” and what would look appropriate for his
family. This is displayed with his concern over his brother’s marrying a woman
who had already been divorced; this was considered a scandal back then, and
this greatly disturbs Bertie. Additionally, he is appalled when Lionel suggests
that Bertie could be a greater king than his brother, and angrily lashes out at
him for suggesting this, claiming he is being “treasonous”.
-Erik Erikson: Bertie fails Erikson’s first stage and is consequently unable to
trust Lionel due to unresolved issues regarding his mother. She is cold and
distant and he never establishes a true relationship with her. He is also very
unstable due to his identity confusion; he cannot decide whether to take
initiative and act, or remain stagnant and feel inferior. He displays many
conflicts, largely reflecting his indecisiveness about how to handle situations
properly according to his position in life.
Yara Farahmand
Apr 24, 2012, 8:04:10 AM4/24/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Perception Of Self
1. Karen Horney
Horney puts a lot of emphasis on the need for approval as a child.
Bertie was not only underappreciated as a kid, but he was abused and
received little affection. Horney would say that a lot of his problems
with anger, and his stuttering, are connected to the fact that he felt
little personal achievement when he was young. She would say that his
belief that he would not make a good king stems directly from the fact
that he never received praise as a child, and felt under-achieved. She
would also say that he developed his problems because he never felt
that he made his father proud of him, or made him happy before he
passed. Because he never reached “self-actualization” he was unable to
cure or deal with his speech and anger problems.
2. Carl Jung
Jung would want Bertie to deal with his stuttering and anger problems
by looking into his past, and understanding the problems in his
childhood. To cure, or at least deal with, his problems better, Jung
would want Bertie to go through the process of individuation. By
talking to lionel about some of his early childhood memories, such as
not being fed by his nanny, Jung believes that Bertie would be
discovering his collective conciousness, helping him accept the crown.
3.Alfred Adler
Bertie never talked about the stresses of his life, and avoided them
completely until Lionel came to his rescue, which would be Adlers
reasoning as to why Bertie has such a poor sense of self. By avoiding
these problems he develops an inferiority complex that stops him from
treating his stammer. Adler would also say that Berties brother and
father play a major role in his inferiority complex, viewing his
brother as being the “better son” even though he was terrible for the
crown and his father as the ideal king. Bertie is constantly on the
defensive with lionel when he talks about his problems with his
family, which further his inferiority complex as he is trying to hide
them.
4. Eric Fromm
Fromm would say that Berties royal upbringing, with its riches but
also its rules, caused Berties stammer. Fromm would say that because
Bertie followed the rules of the royal family, and didnt explore
things in his own way, he didnt experience the freedom needed to
achieve self actualization. He wants to avoid public appearances but
his place in society restricts him from doing so, and this conflict of
freedom makes him unable to become an individualized person.
5.Erik Erikson
Erikson would say that Bertie did not develop correctly in his early
stages of life. His infancy stage of development was disrupted by his
abusive nanny, and because he was part of the royal family he likely
didnt feel as loved and cared for as other children. Because this flow
was interrupted in his childhood he was unable to move smoothly from
infancy to adulthood, but rather developed his stammer and anger
problems.
1. Karen Horney
Horney puts a lot of emphasis on the need for approval as a child.
Bertie was not only underappreciated as a kid, but he was abused and
received little affection. Horney would say that a lot of his problems
with anger, and his stuttering, are connected to the fact that he felt
little personal achievement when he was young. She would say that his
belief that he would not make a good king stems directly from the fact
that he never received praise as a child, and felt under-achieved. She
would also say that he developed his problems because he never felt
that he made his father proud of him, or made him happy before he
passed. Because he never reached “self-actualization” he was unable to
cure or deal with his speech and anger problems.
2. Carl Jung
Jung would want Bertie to deal with his stuttering and anger problems
by looking into his past, and understanding the problems in his
childhood. To cure, or at least deal with, his problems better, Jung
would want Bertie to go through the process of individuation. By
talking to lionel about some of his early childhood memories, such as
not being fed by his nanny, Jung believes that Bertie would be
discovering his collective conciousness, helping him accept the crown.
3.Alfred Adler
Bertie never talked about the stresses of his life, and avoided them
completely until Lionel came to his rescue, which would be Adlers
reasoning as to why Bertie has such a poor sense of self. By avoiding
these problems he develops an inferiority complex that stops him from
treating his stammer. Adler would also say that Berties brother and
father play a major role in his inferiority complex, viewing his
brother as being the “better son” even though he was terrible for the
crown and his father as the ideal king. Bertie is constantly on the
defensive with lionel when he talks about his problems with his
family, which further his inferiority complex as he is trying to hide
them.
4. Eric Fromm
Fromm would say that Berties royal upbringing, with its riches but
also its rules, caused Berties stammer. Fromm would say that because
Bertie followed the rules of the royal family, and didnt explore
things in his own way, he didnt experience the freedom needed to
achieve self actualization. He wants to avoid public appearances but
his place in society restricts him from doing so, and this conflict of
freedom makes him unable to become an individualized person.
5.Erik Erikson
Erikson would say that Bertie did not develop correctly in his early
stages of life. His infancy stage of development was disrupted by his
abusive nanny, and because he was part of the royal family he likely
didnt feel as loved and cared for as other children. Because this flow
was interrupted in his childhood he was unable to move smoothly from
infancy to adulthood, but rather developed his stammer and anger
problems.
Maulik Limbachiya
Apr 24, 2012, 2:11:28 PM4/24/12
to Baddeley AP Psych
Th Cause of Bertie's speech impediment
1) Karen Horney
Horney would think that his problems would have come from his early
childhood experiences as a member of the royal family. He would have
always been anxious about how he was doing things and who surrounded
him. At the same time, he would be compared to older brother
constantly who was heir to the throne and who didn’t have a speech
impediment. This immense amount of pressure and anxiousness would
cause him to display his faults in his speech as a stutter.
2) Carl Jung
Since Jung created the idea of archetypes and a collective
unconscious, Bertie’s father would be the archetypical king that he
would compare himself to. Along the lines of the collective
unconscious, Bertie is unable to separate himself from his father’s
archetype because it is so firmly rooted in his mind. This conflict
could lead to his stutter.
3) Alfred Adler
Bertie’s low esteem and the ridicule by both his father and his
brother during his childhood would have caused him a lot of stress.
Also, because he is the middle child, he would be pressed to perform
like his older brother had. According to Adler, the middle child does
not receive the same amount of attention as the first child or the
last child has. This could lead to a sense of insecurity and thus his
speech impediment.
4) Erich Fromm
Bertie, applied to Fromm’s eight basic needs shows that he lacks some
of those needs. He struggles with his need of relatedness as he
struggles in his relationships with his father, mother, brother and
Lionel. He also is unable to deal with Fromm’s need of transcendence,
as he is unable to deal with all of the events occurring around him.
The lack of these needs may be why Bertie developed a speech
impediment.
5) Eirik Erikson
According to Eirikson, everyone must pass through his eight stages at
some point in their lives. However, people may get stuck at one of
these stages and that causes problems. One stage that Bertie may be
stuck at is trust vs. mistrust. Since abusive caregivers raised
Bertie, he grew to mistrust his authority figures. This may have also
caused problems with his father. He may have developed a stutter
because he is/was unable to trust his caregivers.
1) Karen Horney
Horney would think that his problems would have come from his early
childhood experiences as a member of the royal family. He would have
always been anxious about how he was doing things and who surrounded
him. At the same time, he would be compared to older brother
constantly who was heir to the throne and who didn’t have a speech
impediment. This immense amount of pressure and anxiousness would
cause him to display his faults in his speech as a stutter.
2) Carl Jung
Since Jung created the idea of archetypes and a collective
unconscious, Bertie’s father would be the archetypical king that he
would compare himself to. Along the lines of the collective
unconscious, Bertie is unable to separate himself from his father’s
archetype because it is so firmly rooted in his mind. This conflict
could lead to his stutter.
3) Alfred Adler
Bertie’s low esteem and the ridicule by both his father and his
brother during his childhood would have caused him a lot of stress.
Also, because he is the middle child, he would be pressed to perform
like his older brother had. According to Adler, the middle child does
not receive the same amount of attention as the first child or the
last child has. This could lead to a sense of insecurity and thus his
speech impediment.
4) Erich Fromm
Bertie, applied to Fromm’s eight basic needs shows that he lacks some
of those needs. He struggles with his need of relatedness as he
struggles in his relationships with his father, mother, brother and
Lionel. He also is unable to deal with Fromm’s need of transcendence,
as he is unable to deal with all of the events occurring around him.
The lack of these needs may be why Bertie developed a speech
impediment.
5) Eirik Erikson
According to Eirikson, everyone must pass through his eight stages at
some point in their lives. However, people may get stuck at one of
these stages and that causes problems. One stage that Bertie may be
stuck at is trust vs. mistrust. Since abusive caregivers raised
Bertie, he grew to mistrust his authority figures. This may have also
caused problems with his father. He may have developed a stutter
because he is/was unable to trust his caregivers.
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