Searching > Origins of the Portuguese people specifically Azoreans
tig...@gmail.com
I have participated in a project funded by the National Geographics
society in which they are mapping the genotypes of the world ,
After the testing results were finalized it was discovered that I am
J2 , M172 whose ancestry can be traced all the way back to the Fertile
Crescent area ( almost 60,000 years ago ) ,
I have read that the 1st settlers to the Azores were from the Mainland
and plus visiting seafarers that stopped over as well and mixed with
the early Portuguese populations sometime around the early 1400's
.onwards ...
I would be curious on where our readers Haplogroup origins would be ?
I have found the following notations on J2 as follows ...
"In human genetics, Haplogroup J2 (M172) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup.
Haplogroup J2 is widely believed to be associated with the spread of
agriculture from Anatolia . This connection is supported by its age
(18,500 , +/- 3,500 thousand years ago) , which is very close to the
beginning of the Neolithic, its distribution, which is centered in West
Asia and Southeastern Europe, as well as its association with the
presence of Neolithic archaeological artefacts, such as figurines and
painted pottery . It is a descendant haplogroup of haplogroup J. ,
Haplogroup J2 is found frequently in Greece and Italy , in Turkey , and
in the Caucasus region . J2 is also found in India, where the subclade
J2b2 is widespread and another subclade J2a is mainly restricted to
North-West of the subcontinent population or later migrants to South
and East India like Brahmins . This, together with its believed
Anatolian origin, may be suggestive that it was originally a part of
the Proto-Indo-European gene pool.
According to the theories of Colin Renfrew, Indo-European languages
spread from an Anatolian homeland . It should, however, be noted, that
there is no perfect correlation between language families and genetic
markers.
Both Jews and Arabs also possess J2, as do Kurds and other
Middle-Eastern populations . Typically, these populations of the Middle
East have a higher frequency of the related haplogroup J1 than the
populations of Europe and India where J2 is much more frequent.
Subdivisions Haplogroup J2 is subdivided into two complementary
sub-haplogroups: J2a, defined by the M410 genetic marker, and J2b,
defined by the M12 genetic marker. A subclade of haplogroup J2a,
defined by the M92 marker has been implicated in the ancient Greek
colonization . "
Comments and theories on the above notations ?
Would be interested in the details of the Azoreans and their ancestral
origins since the 1400's to the present ,
Reasons as to why people originally settled in the Azores from the
mainland ? was it due to Politics , Freedom of religion , better life ,
banishment , persecution etc ...Where did the people come from and why
did they leave the mainland to settle in the Azores ?
email:
Anthony J. Moniz
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
tig...@gmail.com
...
Haplogroup J2 Haplogroup J2 is a subclade of haplogroup J. The Capelli
study found J2 in modest proportions in Great Britain, ranging from
zero in Ireland, the Orkneys, northern Scotland and the Hebrides - to 7
percent in Pitlochry. Pitlochry is in the Central Highlands of
Perthshire, so the presence of J2 here is somewhat puzzling. It
probably has multiple sources. Much of the Roman settlement on the
Scottish frontier was in Perthshire - indeed, Perth was originally a
Roman town. Some of the J2 component in Pitlochry may have derived from
the Flemish settlements in Aberdeen and Edinburgh, as many of the
Flemish merchants there were of Sephardic origin. Levels of J2 ranging
from 4 to 6 percent are also found in exactly the same areas that had
relatively high levels of E3b - the former Roman settlements of
Faversham, Southwell and Uttoxeter. Many conscripts from the Middle
East served in the Roman Army, including The Company of Syrian Archers
stationed in Cumbria, and a unit of Iraqi boatmen who served in
Northumbria. Many of these troops may have settled down alongside their
Saxon cohorts after the Roman Empire withdrew from Britain. J2
Haplotype #1 The match pattern for this haplotype clearly suggests an
origin in Western Asia, very likely among the Alans or Sarmatians. The
frequencies in the Caucasus are overwhelmingly high, followed by
Gotland, Macedonia, Pakistan and Bulgaria. It is very easy to imagine
this haplotype coming to Britain with the Sarmatian cavalrymen who
served along Hadrian's Wall. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 15
13 30 23 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale % North Caucasus [Chechenian]
15.8 North Caucasus [Lezginian] 10.5 North Caucasus [Rutulian] 4.55
South Caucasus [Azerbaijan] 2.78 Ostergotland Jonkoping, Sweden 2.39
Bulgaria [Turks] 1.64 Macedonia 1.34 Parsi, Pakistan 1.11 Damascus,
Syria 1.00 South Caucasus [Armenian] 1.00 Panjab, Northern India .93
Brahui, Pakistan .91 Latium, Central Italy .90 Sindhi, Pakistan .82
Bulgaria .82 Sindhi, Pakistan .81 Bydgoszcz, Northern Poland .59
Central Portugal .55 Sicily, Southern Italy .50 Munich, Bavaria .39
Leipzig, Saxony .30 Freiburg, Baden-Wurttemburg .23 J2 Haplotype #2 The
match pattern for this haplotype includes the Caucasus, and areas along
the northern coast of continental Europe, such as The Netherlands,
Hamburg, Estonia and Poland. The haplotype may have originated with a
Jewish population, or from an admixture that had been present in a
Germanic population thousands of years ago. The hits in the U.S.
heartland and Southern Ireland suggest that it diffused into the
British Isles to a greater degree than many J2 haplotypes. The closest
matches for DYS385a,b values of 12,16 are, in fact, with Oregon and
Southern Ireland. One cautionary note about this haplotype however. The
DYS393 value of 13 causes it to resemble some R1a haplotypes, so we
can't rule out convergence. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 15
13 29 23 10 11 13 - - Geographical Locale % North Caucasus [Rutulian]
4.55 Indiana [European-American] 2.94 Oregon [European-American] 2.86
Maryland [African-American] 1.37 Netherlands 1.15 Okinawa, Southern
Japan 1.15 Southern Ireland .93 Hamburg, Northern Germany .88 Lublin,
Eastern Poland .75 Tartu, Estonia .75 Buenos Aires, Argentina
[Europeans] .67 Dusseldorf, Westphalia .67 Lombardy, Northern Italy .55
Sweden .25 Freiburg, Baden-Wurttemburg .23 Berlin, Brandenburg .18 J2
Haplotype #3 The match pattern for this haplotype includes many areas
where J2 is known to have spread. There are multiple hits in Western
Asia, Iberia and the Mediterranean, with fewer hits in the Germanic
areas of Europe. This haplotype could have entered Britain through
either Roman settlement or later Sephardic immigration. Yet the high
scores in Western Russia, Norway and Puglia - which was once a Norman
colony - suggest that a Scandinavian origin is also a possibility. 19
389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14 13 30 24 10 11 12 - -
Geographical Locale % Moscow, Western Russia 2.35 Western Norway 1.56
Puglia, Southern Italy 1.43 Maryland [African-American] 1.37 Tehran,
Iran 1.25 Pathan, Pakistan 1.08 Sicily, Southern Italy 1.01 South
Caucasus [Armenian] 1.00 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia .97 Turkey .63
Northern Portugal .55 Munich, Bavaria .39 Sweden .25 J2 Haplotype #4
This haplotype is widespread, but it is especially common in Western
Asia. Eight of the top fifteen frequencies fall in such areas as
Pakistan, Turkey and the Caucasus. The seven other top frequencies are
quite scattered, and require individual interpretation. One group that
scores high are the Cajuns, who are Americans largely descended from
the French Canadian group known as the Acadians. The Acadians came
originally from Britanny, Poitou and Saintonge, all provinces on the
west coast of France. Each of these areas saw immigration from Western
Asia and Eastern Europe in ancient times. The Alans settled in Brittany
(when it was called Armorica) and the Visigoths settled in Poitou.
Sephardic Jews also settled in this area, perhaps contributing to the
high frequency of Tay-Sachs disease among the Cajuns. The Romani - or
gypsies - are also of eastern origin, and are thought by some to have
come from India. Such a haplotype with a clearly eastern origin may
have come to Britain with Roman troops or settlers, or with Sephardic
Jewish settlement in the wake of the Norman invasion. 19 389i 389ii 390
391 392 393 385a 385b 14 14 31 23 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale %
North Caucasus [Darginian] 7.69 Ankara, Turkey 5.13 Cajun
[European-American] 4.55 Makrani Beloch, Pakistan 4.00 South Caucasus
[Georgian] 3.89 Baranya, Southern Hungary [Romani] 2.56 Varmland,
Sweden 2.33 Madrid, Central-East Spain 2.03 South Caucasus [Armenian]
2.00 Romania 1.96 Turkey 1.90 Brahui, Pakistan 1.82 Missouri
[European-American] 1.69 Tuscany, Central Italy 1.38 Tehran, Iran 1.25
Madeira, Portugal 1.02 Transylvania [Szekely] 1.02 Athens, Greece .99
Cantabria, Northern Spain .99 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia .97
Latium, Central Italy .90 Bulgaria .82 Valencia, Eastern Spain .71
Dusseldorf, Westphalia .67 New York City [African-American] .67 New
York City [Hispanic-American] .67 Northern Portugal .55 Central
Portugal .54 Budapest, Hungary .51 Sweden .49 London, England .40
Munich, Bavaria .39 Freiburg, Baden-Wurttemburg .23 Sao Paulo, Brazil
[Europeans] .22 Berlin, Brandenburg .18 Gdansk, Northern Poland .18 J2
Haplotype #5 The match in China below may be the result of convergence
- or it may reflect ancient trade relations along the Silk Road between
the Far East and the Middle East. The most relevant match for this
haplotype is Leiden, which suggests an origin among the Sephardic Jews
who settled in The Low Countries, and later followed the Flemish allies
of the Normans into England. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 16
12 28 23 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale % Hangzhou, China [Han] 2.86
Leiden, Netherlands 1.04 Greifswald, Pomerania .48 London, England
[Asian] .38 Bygoszcz, Poland .18 Leipzig, Saxony .15 J2 Haplotype #6
The highest frequencies for the haplotype below fall overwhelmingly in
Greece, followed by Albania, Saxony and Hungary. (The match in Mongolia
most likely reflects ancient trade relations along the Silk Road
between the Far East and the Middle East.) There are additional matches
in southeastern Europe, including Croatia, Macedonia and Turkey. Since
there are relatively few matches in Iberia, and none in The Low
Countries, this may not necessarily be a Flemish or Norman signature of
Sephardic Jewish origin. It most likely came to Britain with Roman
troops and settlers. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14 12 28
24 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale % Central Greece 7.14 Thessaly,
Greece 6.66 Mongolia [Khalkh] 2.56 Albania 1.98 Dresden, Saxony 1.47
Szeged, Hungary 1.00 Cantabria, Northern Spain .99 Mainz,
Rhineland-Palatinate .96 Marche, Italy .93 Choco, Colombia [African]
.75 Cologne, Westphalia .74 Macedonia .67 Zagreb, Croatia .67 Turkey
.63 Budapest, Hungary .51 Argentina [European] .33 Berlin, Brandenburg
.18 Chemnitz, Saxony .12 J2 Haplotype #7 This haplotype is found at low
levels in Germany and Eastern Europe. It is probably most commonly
associated with Ashkenazi Jews, but may also have been present in
Europe since Roman times. This haplotype may have come to Britain with
Neolithic farmers, Roman colonists or traders and merchants of Jewish
origin. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 15 12 28 24 10 11 12 13
17 Geographical Locale % Albania .99 Krakow, Poland .93 Freiburg,
Baden-Wurttemburg .69 Dusseldorf, Westphalia .67 Zagreb, Croatia .67
Budapest, Hungary .52 London, England [Asian] .40 Leipzig, Saxony .15
Chemnitz, Saxony .12 J2 Haplotype #8 The haplotype below is rare, but
the few matches are consistent with an origin among Roman troops or
colonists, or Sephardic Jews. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b
14 13 30 23 10 12 12 13 - Geographical Locale % Syria .88 New York City
[Hispanic-American] .67 Northern Portugal .32 J2 Haplotype #9 The
highest Old World frequencies for the haplotype below fall among
Hungarian Jews, and in Iran, Italy, Armenia, France and Spain. This
haplotype may have come to Britain with Roman troops or settlers, or
with Sephardic Jews from France or Flanders. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392
393 385a 385b 14 13 29 23 10 11 12 13 17 Geographical Locale % Florida
[European-American] 4.55 Budapest, Hungary [Ashkenazi Jews] 2.70
Isfahan, Iran 2.08 Umbria, Italy 1.96 Caucasus [Armenian] 1.00 Cordoba,
Argentina 1.00 Latium, Italy .90 Lyon, France .80 Pyrenees, Spain .75
Munster, Westphalia .51 Tuscany, Italy .46 Barcelona, Catalonia .45
Tyrol, Austria .44 Chemnitz, Saxony .24 Berlin, Brandenburg .18 J2
Haplotype #10 The haplotype below is interesting because by far the
highest frequency of matches occurs in the Indo-Iranian homeland of the
Caucasus, and in areas colonized by Indo-Iranian nomads, such as
Romania and Pakistan. Outside these regions, it appears to be found
mostly in Iberian populations - the Portuguese, in particular. This may
be a Sephardic signature, but it might also be an Alanic signature.
Indo-Iranian nomads like the Alans and the Sarmatians migrated from
western Asia to Romania and Hungary, where they forged an alliance with
the Goths. During the fifth century C.E., the Alans joined the
Visigoths and the Vandals in their invasion of Gaul and Spain, and
settled heavily in Portugal. The Alans also settled in Brittany, from
where their descendants joined the Norman invasion of England. Their
cousins, the Sarmatians, served as Roman troops in northwestern England
and along the Welsh and Scottish marches. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393
385a 385b 14 14 32 23 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale % North Caucasus
[Darginian] 3.84 North Caucasus [Kabardinian] 1.72 Romania .98 Sindhi,
Pakistan .82 Northern Portugal .55 Central Portugal .54 Antioquia,
Colombia .25 Sao Paulo, Brazil [Europeans] .22 J2 Haplotype #11 The
highest match frequency below falls in Iran, which suggests an
Indo-Iranian origin, although a Semitic origin is also possible. This
haplotype could easily have come to Britain with Roman troops and
settlers or Sephardic Jews. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14
13 30 24 10 11 12 13 17 Geographical Locale % Tehran, Iran 1.25 Berlin,
Brandenburg .36 J2 Haplotype #12 Three of the top four highest
frequencies for the partial haplotype below fall in the Caucasus.
Additional locales in the top ten include Turkey, Iran, Syria, Egypt
and Italy. It also occurs in Central Anatolia, among Kurds, and in
several samples of obscure populations with a likely Central Asiatic
origin - such as the Brahui and Burusho of Northwest Pakistan, and the
Csango of Romania, who are thought by many to be of Turkic or Magyar
descent. This match pattern supports the scenario of an origin in
Central Asia, with a gradual diffusion into the Middle East and the
Mediterranean, and then later into other parts of Europe. This
haplotype could easily have come to Britain with Roman conquest or
Hellenic exploration, either with Mediterranean merchants, Sarmatian
troops or Roman settlers of a variety of ethnicities. There is also the
additional possibility that it came to Britain far earlier, with
Neolithic agricultural pioneers. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a
385b 14 12 28 23 10 11 12 - - Geographical Locale % Caucasus [Rutulian]
4.55 Caucasus [Ingushian] 4.17 Lunca de Sus, Romania [Csango] 3.57
Caucasus [Armenian] 3.00 Umbria, Italy 1.96 Turkey 1.89 Syria 1.77
Texas [Hispanic-American] 1.35 Manila, Phillipines [Tagalog, Cebuano]
1.32 Tehran, Iran 1.25 Liguria, Italy 1.23 Egypt 1.20 Asturias, Spain
1.11 Pakistan [Burusho] 1.06 Birmingham, England 1.03 Paris, France .92
Central Anatolia, Turkey .91 Pakistan [Brahui] .91 Kurds, Iraq .79
Tartu, Estonia .75 Cologne, Westphalia .74 Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt .71
Switzerland .67 Northern Portugal .64 Lombardy, Italy .55 Budapest,
Hungary .52 Rostock, Mecklenburg .49 Barcelona, Catalonia .45 London,
England [Indo-Pakistani] .40 Sweden .25 Chemnitz, Saxony .12 J2
Haplotype #13 Of the top ten Old World frequencies for this haplotype,
eight fall among populations of largely Mediterranean origin - Greeks,
Jews, Tunisians, Egyptians, Armenians, Turks and Italians. Two other
high frequency matches - in the Netherlands and Belgium - most likely
reflect the spread of itinerant mercantile peoples, such as the
Armenians or the Sephardic Jews, to the Low Countries of Europe. This
haplotype could easily have come to the Borders with Roman troops, but
could also have arrived with Flemish merchants involved in the wool
trade, like those who settled in Berwick about 500 years ago. 19 389i
389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14 13 30 23 10 11 12 13 17 Geographical
Locale % Central Greece 7.14 Florida [European-American] 4.55 Budapest,
Hungary [Askenazi Jews] 2.86 Bologna, Italy 1.96 Tunis, Tunisia 1.85
Pennsylvania [European-American] 1.49 Egypt 1.20 Netherlands 1.15
Caucasus [Armenian] 1.00 Leuven, Belgium .88 Argentina [European] .66
Turkey .63 Latium, Italy .45 Malaysia [Malay] .36 Northern Portugal .35
Stuttgart, Baden-Wurttemburg .22 Chemnitz, Saxony .12 J2 Haplotype #14
The two top frequencies fall in Bosnia and Iran. This suggests a
possible Indo-Iranian connection, not only due to the presence of Iran,
but because Bosnia is close to Croatia, which has historically claimed
descent from the Sarmatians. It is worth noting that both this
haplotype, and #13 above, share DYS19/390/391/392/393 marker values
with the Cohen Modal Haplotype, which is found among J1 descendants of
the Jewish priestly class, the Cohanim. Therefore, some of these
matches are possibly of Jewish origin, and may actually be haplogroup
J1. This haplotype could have come to the Borders with Roman settlers
or troops - with Norman troops or administrators of Alanic or Sephardic
origin, or with Flemish merchants engaged in the wool trade, some of
whom, especially after 1492 C.E., would have been of Sephardic Jewish
origin. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14 13 30 23 10 11 12 13
19 Geographical Locale % Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina 2.86 Isfahan,
Iran 2.08 Pennsylvania [European-American] 1.49 Mainz,
Rhineland-Palatinate .96 Southern Portugal .89 Latium, Italy .45
Argentina [European] .33 J2 Haplotype #15 The haplotype below is an
unusual one for J2, and all but one of the matches in YHRD fall in
Africa, or among African-Americans or Afro-Caribbeans. This is
undoubtedly due to a convergence effect with E3a haplotypes. The only
match that fits J2 is the one below, among the Hungarian gypsies. This
haplotype most likely originated in Central Asia, and could have come
to Britain with the Alans or the Sarmatians. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392
393 385a 385b 16 14 31 22 10 11 13 - - Geographical Locale % Eastern
Hungary [Romani] 1.41 J2 Haplotype #16 The matches below were filtered
for DYS385a values of 13, 14 or 15. The highest match frequencies fall
in Greece, Italy and Romania, suggesting a Mediterranean or Southeast
European origin. This haplotype could easily have come to Britain with
the Romans. 19 389i 389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 15 12 28 25 10 11
12 13-15 - Geographical Locale % Central Greece 7.14 Santa Ninfa, Italy
5.88 Lombardy, Italy 1.10 Miercurea Ciuc, Romania [Szekely] 1.10
Corund, Romania [Szekely] 1.02 Romania .98 Halle, Germany .43 Tyrol,
Austria .43 Central Bohemia, Czechia .40 London, England
[Indo-Pakistani] .40 Freiburg, Germany .23 Leipzig, Germany .12 J2
Haplotype #17
The highest European match frequencies fall in Greece and Italy, with
one hit among Hispanic Americans, and one in Germany. This haplotype
probably came to Britain with Roman troops or settlers, or with later
immigrants of Mediterranean or (possibly) Sephardic descent. 19 389i
389ii 390 391 392 393 385a 385b 14 12 29 23 11 11 12 - - Geographical
Locale % Chios, Greece 6.25 Maryland [Hispanic-American] 3.85 Tuscany,
Italy .46 Hamburg, Germany .36
email : tig...@gmail.com
tig...@gmail.com
https://www3.nationalgeographic.com/genographic/atlas.html?card=my037
Cheri Mello
Cheri Mello
Listowner, Azores-Gen
Researching: Vila Franca, Ponta Garca, Ribeira Quente, R. das Tainhas, Achada
Richard Francis Pimentel
If you were tested with National Geographic you can have your
information transferred to Family Tree DNA. www.familytreedna.com From
Family Tree DNA you can join the Azores Islands DNA.
www.ourfamilyorigins.com/azores/dna , Y Search. www.ysearch.org and
Mito Search www.mitosearch.org
All sites are worth looking into.
Rick
Richard Francis Pimentel
Epping, New Hampshire, USA
A decendant of:
Pimentel, Teixeira, Carvalho, and Rocha
From Sao Miguel, Acores
tig...@gmail.com
Thanks for the information , will keep my eyes out for additional
information as it happens ..
Anthony
Jack Cunha
>>> Rpim...@peoplepc.com 7/17/2006 7:01 PM >>>
Cheri Mello
Richard Francis Pimentel
Log on to The National Geographic Site. Enter your kit number, on the “See your results tab page” at the very bottom is a statement “Now that you know about your deep ancestral origins, Family Tree DNA can help you use your results from the Genographic Project test to advance your family genealogy and learn if you share a common ancestor with other individuals that performed the same test. Learn more > “
Click on the “learn more” that will take you to transfer your data to family tree.
Rick
Richard Francis Pimentel
Epping, New Hampshire, USA
A descendant of:
Pimentel, Teixeira, Carvalho, and Rocha
From Sao Miguel, Acores
-----Original Message-----
From: Azo...@googlegroups.com [mailto:Azo...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Jack Cunha
Sent: Thursday, July 20, 2006
10:07 PM
To: Azo...@googlegroups.com
Subject: [Norton AntiSpam]
[AZORES-GEN] Searching > Origins of the Portuguese people specifically
Azoreans
How is this transfer accomplished? I checked on both
websites, but saw nothing on either.
>>> Rpim...@peoplepc.com 7/17/2006 7:01 PM >>>
If you were tested with National Geographic you can have your
information transferred to Family Tree DNA. www.familytreedna.com From
Family Tree DNA you can join the Azores Islands DNA.
www.ourfamilyorigins.com/azores/dna
, Y Search. www.ysearch.org
and
Mito Search www.mitosearch.org
All sites are worth looking into.
Rick
Richard Francis Pimentel
Epping, New Hampshire, USA
A decendant of:
Pimentel, Teixeira, Carvalho, and Rocha
FromSao Miguel, Acores